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{"title":"Islamic Hegemony in Forming Religious Attitudes: Study of Majority and Minority Islam in Southeast Asia","authors":"Moh Bashori Alwi Almanduri","doi":"10.30983/fuaduna.v5i2.5011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/fuaduna.v5i2.5011","url":null,"abstract":"This article critically examines why the dualism of the Islamic model occurs in Southeast Asia. This article uses a historical approach with the literature method to identify how is the map of the distribution of majority and minority Islam in Southeast Asia, what causes the dualism of the Islamic model in Southeast Asia, and how the minority model occurs in the minority Islamic countries. The results show that Islamic syncretism in the archipelago is a logical consequence of the complicated process of struggling religious reflection. His entity also received many challenges from local Indigenous. The majority of Islam is largely determined by the success of harmonizing Islam with political, social and cultural conditions. On the other hand, poor harmonization with the rulers, military invasion, and colonialism cause Muslim minorities. Islamic minority models can be classified into three parts: First, Separatists, such as the Moro Philippines Muslim Separatist movement. Second, accommodating Pattani Muslims in Thailand and Singapore. Third, Genocide happened to Rohingya Muslims in Burma and Khmer Muslims in Cambodia. Furthermore, research on each minority model can be carried out further to enrich the treasures of Islamic studies in Southeast Asia.Artikel ini menelaah secara kritis mengapa terjadi dualisme model Islam di Asia Tenggara. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan historis dengan metode kepustakaan akan mengidentifikasi: Bagaimana peta persebaran Islam mayoritas dan minoritas di Asia Tenggara, apa yang menyebabkan dualisme model Islam di Asia Tenggara, dan bagaimana model keminoritasan yang terjadi pada negara-negara Islam minoritas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sinkretisme Islam di Nusantara merupakan konsekuensi logis dari proses pergulatan refleksi keagamaan yang rumit. Entitasnya pun banyak mendapatkan tantangan dari Indigeneous lokal. Islam mayoritas sangat ditentukan oleh keberhasilan harmonisasi Islam dengan kondisi politik, sosial, dan budaya. Sebaliknya harmonisasi yang kurang baik dengan penguasa, invasi militer, dan kolonialisme menjadi faktor penyebab minoritas Islam. Model-model minoritas Islam dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga bagian: Pertama, Separatis, seperti gerakan Separatis Muslim Moro Philipina. Kedua, Akomodatif, muslim Pattani di Thailand dan Singapura. Ketiga, Genosida, terjadi kepada muslim Rohingya di Burma dan Muslim Khmer di Kamboja. Selanjutnya penelitian terhadap masing-masing model minoritas bisa dilakukan untuk semakin memperkaya khazanah studi Islam di Asia Tenggara.","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81351584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upaya Pemerintah Desa Karangsari, Cluwak-Pati Dalam Menyemai Sikap Toleransi Dikalangan Masyarakat","authors":"Hasan Bastomi, Salma Lathifatun Nisa’","doi":"10.29240/jf.v6i2.3440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/jf.v6i2.3440","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to reveal the efforts of the Karangsari Village government in sowing the attitude of community tolerance. The research on the efforts of the Karangsari Village government in sowing the tolerance attitude of the community was carried out using a qualitative approach with the type of field research (field research) with data collection techniques using Interview, Observation and Documentation Techniques. The research subjects or informants in this research are the Village Head and Religious Leaders of Karangsari Village. The results of the study indicate that the efforts of the Karangsari Village government in cultivating an attitude of tolerance with various efforts, namely by: (1) Efforts to maintain community unity by prioritizing community unity have long been conditioned by mutual assistance and respect between the community. (2) Efforts to cultivate an attitude of mutual respect, namely by greeting each other and not alienating other religions, participating in every activity carried out by the community, and not insulting other religions. (3) Efforts through religious activities, namely by inviting each other when there are religious activities but not participating in worship of other religions and helping each other and mutual cooperation in inter-religious activities. (4) There are no inhibiting factors in efforts to sow tolerance in the Karangsari Village community because all communities and government all complement each other and inter-religious communities respect, motivate, remind and respect each other. While the supporting factors in efforts to sow tolerance in the Karangsari Village community are the figures in the Karangsari village often meet and coordinate in maintaining tolerance between the people and their communities which are easy to regulate and the community has a high tolerance spirit that is embedded in the soul. ","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46960530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rekam Jejak Turki Menjadi Anggota Uni Eropa","authors":"Hendra Maujana Saragih, Suhayatmi Suhayatmi, Annisa Fatehha Dwi Stelwar, M. Zulham","doi":"10.29240/jf.v6i2.2574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/jf.v6i2.2574","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to explain the track record of Turkey's efforts to become a member of the European Union. Various ways and strategies have been achieved by Turkey in order to meet the requirements to be accepted as part of the supranational organization that unites the European nations. However, the big dream of the country led by President Erdogan Recep Tayib has never been real. Various obstacles confronting, pros and contra continue to color the split voices of European Union members. Religious sentiment also emerged because Turkey's population is Muslim, reaching 74 percent of the total population. Various conditions include improving the image as a human rights violator against ethnic minorities, to claims as a gateway to terrorism that is not in line with the European spirit","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47984359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Konsep Mubadalah Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir Dan Formulasinya Dalam Pola Pengasuhan Anak","authors":"M. Adib, Natacia Mujahidah","doi":"10.29240/jf.v6i2.3412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/jf.v6i2.3412","url":null,"abstract":"Konsep mubadalah (kesalingan) hadir menjadi pilihan paling logis dalam sebuah hubungan yang setara. Dalam perkembangannya, konsep ini tidak hanya berlaku untuk sebuah hubungan suami istri saja, melainkan bisa juga antara orang tua dan anak. Pola asuh menjadi faktor penting dalam pengembangan potensi seorang anak. Oleh sebab itu, pemilihan pola asuh yang menjunjung tinggi kesetaraan gender, sedikit banyak akan mengurangi ketimpangan antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengelaborasi bagaimana formulasi konsep mubadalah dalam pola asuh anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data observasi, interview, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan Teknik analisis deskriptif secara kritis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan konsep mubadalah dalam pola asuh anak sangat berguna dalam membentuk karakter anak di kemudian hari agar tidak memandang manusia berdasarkan gendernya. Selain itu, potensi anak perempuan juga bisa dimaksimalkan secara maksimal .","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":"262 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41288110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Konsep Pendidikan Islam dan Psikologi Humanistik tentang Potensi Manusia","authors":"R. Ratnawati, Mirzon Daheri","doi":"10.29240/jf.v6i2.3526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/jf.v6i2.3526","url":null,"abstract":"Bila merujuk kepada berbagai pendapat tentang konsep Islam dan psikologi humanistik ketika berbicara potensi manusia, akan dijumpai beragam pendapat. Pada satu sisi ada yang memandang bahwa konsep yang ditawarkan oleh aliran tersebut tidak bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam, sedang di sisi lain memandang bahwa apa yang ditawarkan oleh aliran tersebut bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam. Kelompok pertama, memandang psikologi humanistik mewakili suara Islam. Sementara kelompok yang kedua mengatakan bahwa over optimistik jika menjadikan manusia sebagai penentu tunggal pengembangan sumber daya manusia, sedangkan di dalamnya ada peran Tuhan.Bertitik tolak perbedaan persepsi ahli tentang hal tersebut, studi ini bermaksud memaparkan informasi normatif deskriptif melalui analisis kritis tentang potensi manusia sehingga dapat dipetakan bagaimana konsep pendidikan Islam dan bagaimana pandangan psikologi humanistik. Dengan itu, diharapkan akan jelas sisi mana dari psikologi humanistik yang sesuai dan benar-benar bertentangan dengan sudut pandang Islam, khususnya dalam melihat potensi manusia.Konklusi studi ini adalah, dalam perspektif pendidikan Islam, manusia adalah suatu entity yang unik karena memilik potensi melebihi dari makhluk-makhluk yang lain. Salah satu kekhasannya adalah terkait wujudnya yang multi dimensi dan bahkan untuk menciptakannya pernah didialogkan lebih dahulu oleh Allah dengan Malaikat. Sementara mazhab psikologi humanis memandang manusia memiliki kebutuhan serta kecenderungan untuk mengaktualisasikan diri. Kendatipun semua manusia memiliki kemampuan ini, hanya kecil sekali prosentase orang yang berhasil mencapainya.","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48329667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengembangan Sikap Keberagamaan Remaja melalui Pendidikan Sufistik","authors":"Ossi Marga Ramadhan, Opik Taufik Kurahman, S. Supiana, Hisny Fajrussalam","doi":"10.29240/jf.v6i2.3391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/jf.v6i2.3391","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the offer and integration of Sufistic education on adolescent religious attitudes. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with the type of library research. Researchers obtain data from various literature such as books, journals, scientific works, and other documents that examine research-related themes. The data obtained is then analyzed by first reducing the data, presenting the data, and drawing conclusions. The results found that Sufistic education can be reviewed and integrated into aspects of adolescent attitude formation (cognitive, affective, conative) by studying Shari'a education with the aim of Sufism in the cognitive aspect, through a psychological-humanist approach in the affective aspect, and through tafakkur activities to perfect the conative aspect. The creation of these three aspects must be supported by religious disciplines in their environments, such as character and role models from teachers and parents, instilling a sense of faith in adolescents, and a good religious environment.","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46809082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Colonialism on the Existence of Religions in Bukittinggi","authors":"N. Hendri","doi":"10.30983/FUADUNA.V5I1.4199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/FUADUNA.V5I1.4199","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes why religions other than Islam can enter and develop in Bukittinggi, a small city in the middle of the highlands of West Sumatra, primarily through the influence of colonialism. In Bukittinggi, at first, the Dutch colonial did not see Muslims as opponents. However, then the Dutch colonial political tendencies took a way to destroy any resistance from the local community by destroying the ulama and Muslims' forces and by developing non-Islamic religions as a rival. This article is using a historical approach. This article explores colonial penetration into Bukittinggi, how religious livelihood in Bukittingi before the colonialism, how people in Bukittinggi respond to a religion other than Islam, and how tolerance and religious harmony in Bukittinggi. The results showed that other than aiming for power, the Dutch colonial carried out the spread of Christianity, especially to association groups, as a means of strengthening power. Colonialist policies towards religions contradicted various principles, especially in education. They were starting from restrictions on religious teachers to the content of lessons, teaching permits, and the number of religious education institutions. The thick religion of Islam in Bukittinggi made it difficult for the Dutch colonialists to conquer Bukittinggi.Artikel ini menganalisis alasan kenapa agama-agama selain Islam dapat masuk dan berkembang di Kota Bukittinggi, terutama melalui pengaruh kolonialisme. Pada konteks Kota Bukittinggi, pada awalnya kolonialis Belanda tidak melihat umat Islam sebagai lawan. Namun kemudian kecenderungan politik kolonialis Belanda menempuh cara menghancurkan setiap perlawanan masyarakat lokal dengan menghancurkan kekuatan-kekuatan ulama dan umat Islam, serta dengan mengembangkan agama non Islam sebagai tandingan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan historis, artikel ini mengeksplor bagaimana proses masuknya kolonialisme ke Bukittinggi; bagaimana agama masyarakat Bukittinggi sebelum masuknya kolonialisme; bagaimana respon masyarakat Bukittinggi terhadap masuknya agama-agama selain Islam; serta bagaimana toleransi dan kerukunan umat beragama di Bukittinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di samping tujuan kekuasaan, kolonialis Belanda melakukan penyebaran agama Kristen, terutama kepada kelompok-kelompok asosiasi, sebagai alat mengokohkan kekuasaan. Kebijakan kolonialis terhadap agama-agama, justru bertolak belakang dengan beragam prinsip, khususnya dalam pendidikan. Mulai dari pembatasan guru agama hingga isi pelajaran, izin mengajar, dan jumlah lembaga pendidikan agama. Kentalnya agama Islam di Bukittinggi menjadikan kolonialis Belanda kesulitan dalam menaklukkan Bukittinggi.","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75343767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Resistance of Conservative Islamic Organizations on the Development of Regional Tourism in Madura","authors":"A. Hannan","doi":"10.30983/FUADUNA.V5I1.4198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/FUADUNA.V5I1.4198","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the resistance behavior of conservative Islamic organizations to regional tourism development in Madura, especially entertainment-based tourism. There are three research questions in this study: how is the reality of conservative Islamic organizations in Madura to the religious dynamics of the local community? How is the existence of conservative Islamic organizations to the dynamics of tourism development in Madura? How is the resistance of conservative Islamic organizations towards tourism development in Madura? Qualitative data were collected through observation, interview, and literatures study. The findings show: First, the conservativism values of Islamic organizations in Madura were born and spread widely from local traditions and religions; Second, the tradition of conservatism of Islamic organizations in Madura seen in several Islamic organizations, mainly right-wing Islamic organizations such as AUMA, FKM, and GUIP; Third, the conservatism of Islamic organizations in Madura is related to their resistant behavior towards tourism development in Madura, which reflect in their thinking and religious paradigms which tend to be traditionalist, puritanical, and reactionary. They use anarchism approaches that lead to violence, for instance burning the Bukit Bintang tourist site in Pamekasan Regency. Studi ini mengkaji perilaku resisten Ormas Islam konservatif terhadap pembangunan pariwisata daerah di Madura, khususnya pariwisata berbasis hiburan. Terdapat tiga pertanyaan penelitian pada studi ini: bagaimana realitas Ormas Islam konservatif di Madura dalam dinamika keagamaan masyarakat setempat? Bagaimana eksistensi Ormas Islam konservatif dalam dinamika pembangunan pariwisata di Madura? Bagaimana resistensi Ormas Islam konservatif terhadap pembangunan pariwisata di Madura? Kualitatif data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan studi kepustakaan. Temuan studi ini menunjukan: Pertama, nilai-nilai konservatisme Ormas Islam di Madura lahir dan menyebar luas dari tradisi dan keagamaan lokal; Kedua, tradisi konservatisme Ormas Islam di Madura dapat ditemukan di sejumlah Ormas Islam, terutama Ormas Islam yang secara ideologi berhaluan kanan seperti AUMA, FKM, dan GUIP; Ketiga, konservatisme Ormas Islam di Madura terkait perilaku resisten mereka terhadap pembangunan pariwisata di Madura, tergambar pada paradigma berpikir dan keagamaan mereka yang cenderung tradisionalis, puritan, dan reaksioner. Mereka menggunakan pendekatan anarkisme sehingga berujung pada tindak kekerasan seperti pada kasus pembakaran lokasi wisata Bukit Bintang di Kabupaten Pamekasan.","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77463108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autentisitas Hadis dalam Manuskrip Risalah 73 Golongan pada Koleksi Surau Tarekat Syatariyah Calau Kabupaten Sijunjung","authors":"Syukriadi Syukriadi, Novizal Wendri, Ahmad Taufik, Edriagus Saputra","doi":"10.29240/JF.V6I1.2567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/JF.V6I1.2567","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the manuscripts found in the Syatariyah tarekat surau collection in Calau, Sijunjung Regency, West Sumatera Province. ancient manuscripts were not only stored and displayed in one place, but the knowledge contained in them can still be studied and developed and one of them is research. about the manuscripts of the treatises of the seventy-three groups that are stored in the Surau. This research is library research using takhrij hadith. This discussion focuses more on the discussion related to the hadith contained in the treatise manuscripts of 73 groups found in Surau Calau, Sinjunjung Regency and doing takhrij in finding the quality and authenticity of the hadith. In this study, the authors took 3 hadiths contained in the manuscript. From the results of tracking the 3 hadiths, it was found 10 traditions from various hadith and narrators. And after takhrij sanad and matan hadith, it can be concluded, that all hadith chain paths are judged dhaif (mardud) by hadith scholars, except for the hadith path narrated by al-Qadhi al-Maki number 1357, because the hadith is considered hasan by hadith scholars","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47020213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Islamic Formalism Movement in Malay Land: Experiences of the Muslim Community in Kerinci, Jambi","authors":"Marjan Fadil, Martunus Rahim, Indra Ikhsan","doi":"10.30983/FUADUNA.V5I1.4596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/FUADUNA.V5I1.4596","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyze the development of Islamic religious movements in the Malay traditional land of Kerinci Jambi, particularly related to the tendency of religious formalism in Islamic communities. The pattern of education, local customs and traditions, as well as religious ideology contributed to the emergence of a Muslim community that only paid attention to the formal side of religion or known as formalist Islam. This study uses an anthropological approach through interviews, observations, and documentation of Muslim communities in Kerinci Jambi. This paper finds that formalist Islam tends to be difficult to develop in Malay society exclusively from indigenous groups, and more easily accepted for inclusive societies from immigrant groups or mixing with outsiders and academics. This exclusive Malay community seeks to maintain the Islamic ideology that has been institutionalized in the structure of society that does not contradict between custom and religion since the first, namely Islam with the nuances of Sufism, based on the Shafi'i Madhhab in fiqh, and al-Ghazali Madhhab in theology. Meanwhile, inclusive societies tend to be open to accepting various Islamic identities and most of them do not hold strong traditional values. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perkembangan gerakan keagamaan Islam di tanah adat Melayu Kerinci Jambi, khususnya terkait kecenderungan formalisme keberagamaan komunitas-komunitas Islam. Pola pendidikan, adat dan tradisi lokal, serta ideologi keagamaan memberi kontribusi bagi kemunculan komunitas Muslim yang hanya memperhatikan sisi formal agama saja atau dikenal dengan Islam formalis. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan antropologis melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi terhadap komunitas-komunitas Muslim yang terdapat di Kerinci Jambi. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa Islam formalis cenderung sulit berkembang dalam masyarakat Melayu eksklusif dari golongan masyarakat pribumi, dan lebih mudah diterima bagi masyarakat inklusif dari golongan pendatang atau percampuran dengan masyarakat luar dan para akademisi. Masyarakat Melayu eksklusif ini berupaya mempertahankan ideologi Islam yang telah melembaga dalam struktur masyarakat yang tidak mempertentangkan antara adat dan agama semenjak dahulu yakni Islam dengan nuansa tasawuf, bermazhab Syafi’i dalam fikih, dan bermazhab al-Ghazali dalam teologi. Sedangkan masyarakat inklusif cenderung terbuka menerima beragam identitas Islam dan mereka sebagian besar tidak memegang nilai adat secara kuat. ","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":"4317 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86099600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}