Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Drosophila melanogaster reproduction and preadult mortality after the influence of microwave radiation","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-6","url":null,"abstract":"A new type of anthropogenic impact – low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of extremely high frequencies (EHF EMR) demonstrates various genetic effects. The questions of the organism adaptive response formation to short-term exposure of EMR that depends on the individual’s genotype are of particular interest. The objective of this study was to analyze the reproductive ability and preadult mortality in Drosophila melanogaster with whiteapticot mutation after the influence of microwave radiation. We used D. melanogaster stocks that carry whiteapticot mutation, but differ in the genetic background on which this mutation is located: wa(C-S), wa(Or) and wa. Virgin flies were irradiated. The parameters of the external influence were power flux density W=10 μW/cm2, frequency F=65 GHz, exposure time t=5 minutes. The stages of embryo death, number of adult offspring, and mortality rate at the pupal stage were analyzed. The results of the study showed that the effect of electromagnetic radiation on virgin imagoes of Drosophila with an impaired tryptophan metabolism modifies the survival rate of the offspring at the preimaginal stages of ontogenesis. In the offspring of young flies (at the age of 3–8 days) the frequency of embryonic mortality decreases during the 0–5.5 hours period (initial stages of cleavage and blastoderm formation) and 5.5–17 hours period (stage of gastrulation and embryo segmentation, histogenesis) of embryogenesis. The total number of offspring at the adult stage does not differ from the control values; the mortality rate at the pupal stage also does not change in the offspring of young parents after exposure to EMR. An increase in the age of parental couples that were exposed to short-term EMR on the first day after eclosion from pupae (20–25 days aged) leads to a decrease in the embryonic mortality rate of offspring during the 17–22 hours of embryogenesis (organogenesis stage and larval exit from chorion). The total embryonic mortality rate is determined solely by the age of the parents. The strength of this factor for the stocks is h2wa=69.7 %, h2wa(C-S)=52.2 % and h2wa(Or)=64.9 % respectively. The impact of EMR affects the embryonic mortality rate only for the wa(Or) (h2EMR=18.3 %). External exposure does not change the number of imago offspring in individuals aged 0–5 days; the number of adult offspring increased by 1,2 times in individuals aged 20–25 days in the stock wa(C-S). A decrease in the number of dead individuals at the pupal stage in the descendants of 20–25-day-old parents after exposure to EMR EHF on average by three times was shown.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81363797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEARCHING FOR NEW AUTHORITARISM IN THE CONDITIONS OF GEOPOLITICAL TURBULENCE","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2220-8089-2020-37-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2220-8089-2020-37-01","url":null,"abstract":"The main factors of the growing popularity and influence of undemocratic regimes are considered. In the modern world, in the context of geopolitical turbulence, the geopolitical centers of power and actors in the adoption of global management decisions are changing. But there is a need to manage socio-political and economic processes for the stable development of society. Therefore, the conditions of chaos only strengthen the attempts to search and create fuses for the uncontrollability of the development of the political regime. Especially in the conditions of the crisis of the formal institutions of liberal democracy, a clear proof of which was the emergence of post-democracy as a phenomenon and process of evolution of «modern» democracies. Several factors reinforce this trend. First of all, the reverse wave of democratization (S. Huntington), which lasts several decades. Secondly, the crisis of American hegemony and the completion of the next cycle of political hegemony. We must add the completion of the macrohistorical cycle of the internal political development of the political system of the USA itself (A. Schlesinger) with a number of crises throughout the entire first half of 2020. The weakening of the global hegemon resulted in the process of easternization and the emergence of new geopolitical centers (primarily, Asia, namely China with a powerful economy, which is a prerequisite for the formation of a new hegemon). The third factor is the growth of right-wing extremism and right-wing populism in countries of sustainable democracies and new democracies. The wave of populism is supported by a conservative turn in the form of legal consolidation of nationalism, the legitimation of the dominance of the collective over the individual. Another factor of destabilization is the crisis of traditional institutions of democracy, primarily political parties, party leaders who can refuse program promises and turn into lawyers of the «expression of the will of the people». Amid growing mistrust of traditional democratic institutions and the values of liberalism, there is a growing demand for leaders and institutions that can ensure the safe and stable development of society. And the actual uniqueness of the current development is the search for new forms of coexistence of authoritarian and democratic institutions within the same political regime.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"533 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85681721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of the parasites (Plathelminthes: Trematoda) of the Wels catfish (Silurus glanis L., 1758)","authors":"N. E. Ibrahimova","doi":"10.26565/2075-5457-2020-35-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-35-10","url":null,"abstract":"The Wels catfish or sheatfish (Silurus glanis L., 1758) is one of the important commercial fishes. Its native range extends from Eastern Europe to Western Asia. Recently, the species range has expanded both to the west and south due to the introduction. In the water bodies of Azerbaijan, the Wels catfish exists at the southernmost border of its range. It was recorded from the Kura River and its basin. There is no survey of parasitological studies on the trematodes of the Wels catfish. The previous papers have not covered all systematic groups or all the areas where the fish is distributed. Based on the literature data, we prepared a systematic review of the Wels catfish trematodes within the catfish present-day range (native area plus the areas of introduction), including Azerbaijan. The list is given according to the system of parasitic organisms implemented in the Catalog of parasites of freshwater fishes of North Asia. We also took into account new studies in the trematode taxonomy. Each species is provided with the following data: synonyms, habitat in the fish body, collecting localities, geographic distribution within the catfish range, infection rates, and references. As a result, 33 trematode species were found in the Wels catfish. They belong to three orders (Aspidogastridea ‒ 1 species, Strigeida ‒ 16 species, and Plagiorchiida ‒ 16 species), 15 families and 24 genera. Of these, 14 species are distributed in the waterbodies of Azerbaijan. The family Diplostomidae (9 species) dominates among the Wels catfish’ trematode parasites. The most Wels catfish trematodes within its whole range are Bucephalus polymorphus, Orientocreadium siluri and Diplostomum spathaceum. We established that Aspidogaster limacoides, Plagioporus skrjabini, Phyllodistomum petruschewskii were recorded from Ukraine only, Allocreadium siluri and Bolboforus confusus, from Uzbekistan, and Asymphylodora kubanica, Bychowskycreadium bychowsky, Bychowskycreadium schiliani, Diplostomum mergi, Diplostomum chromatophorum, and Diplostomum paraspathaceum from Azerbaijan.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88523116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOPOLITICAL COMPONENTS OF HYBRID WAR: CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2220-8089-2020-38-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2220-8089-2020-38-13","url":null,"abstract":"Radical transformations in the global geopolitical reality led to the immediate development of the latest form of geopolitical conflict – hybrid war. The urgency of understanding is indicated the concept of \"hybrid war\", of systematization geopolitical concepts, development and implementation of reaching a consensus technology in global and regional hybrid wars. The main characteristic features of the Russian-Ukrainian hybrid war are considered from the point of view of classical and modern geopolitical concepts are considered. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the Russian-Ukrainian hybrid war is taking place in a fundamentally new world geopolitical environment. Denouement of hostilities from the aggressor countryindicates the inability to achieve the goal by non-forceful methods. It is proved that the main geostrategic goals of Russia are associated with an attempt to turn its own Eurasian resources into the only ones in the world. Thus, firstly, it will create competition for the Atlantic geopolitical system, and secondly, it could lead most states, including Ukraine, to energy depletion, which would contribute to institutional destruction and a crisis of the legitimacy of power. It is being proved that the main reason for the Russian-Ukrainian hybrid war is Russia's desire to restore regional and world leadership. This geostrategy is based on a well-founded geopolitical Eurasian concept of Russia, which gives Russian expansion a civilizational meaning and justifies the need to unite the Eurasian continent as a counterweight to the expansion of Atlanticism. From the standpoint of the civilization approach, the geopolitical vulnerability of Ukraine is emphasized due to the fact that it is on the verge of a collision of two powerful civilizations - Eurasian and European. It is noted that during the escalation of the confrontation, the geopolitical border became a real front line, and the territory of Ukraine is used as a springboard for military action. Geostrategic factors are highlighted that explain the conditions for the existence of modern relations between the aggressor state and the object state.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88331462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of red light (660 nm) on proliferative activity and growth reactions in seedlings of plants with contrast photoperiodic reaction","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-16","url":null,"abstract":"The results of a study of the effect of red light irradiation (660 nm) on the proliferative activity of root meristems and growth reactions of plant seedlings with contrast photoperiodic reactions are presented in this paper. Plants of the family Fabaceae contrasting in the photoperiodic reaction were used as plant material: long-day plants (LDP) of peas (Pisum sativum L.) of the Metsenat variety and short-day plants (SDP) of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) of the Korsak variety. Phytochromes were activated by irradiating the aerial part of the experimental seedlings with monochromatic red light (RL) of 660 nm using an LED matrix for 30 minutes for 5 days. The proliferative activity of meristem cells was determined by analysis of the mitotic index (MI). The growth reaction was studied by linear growth indicators: the total length of the seedling, the length of the aerial part and roots, and the integral indicator of growth and biosynthetic processes – the accumulation of biomass. According to the results of the experiments, it was shown that the mitotic activity of root meristems under the influence of red light on the aerial part in seedlings of the LDP of pea Metsenat decreased slightly – by 8 %, and in the seedlings of the SDP of soybean Korsak increased significantly – by 47 %. The linear growth and accumulation of biomass in the aerial part under the action of RL irradiation in seedlings of pea of the Metsenat variety and soybean of the Korsak variety decreased, and this effect was more pronounced in soybean than in pea. During irradiation of RL the linear root growth and their biomass accumulation in seedlings of LDP pea decreased slightly, while at the same time, these processes in the roots of soybean SDP seedlings were significantly stimulated. Under the influence of RL in pea seedlings, the growth rate did not change in the length of the aerial part, but in the roots increased, while the rate of biomass accumulation by them decreased. In soybean seedlings during RL irradiation, the growth rate of both the aerial part and the roots decreased, the biomass accumulation rate by the aerial part increased, and by the roots – decreased. LDP of pea Metsenat and SDP of soybean Korsak variety differ in the nature of the reaction of growth processes in response to irradiation of RL. The activation of the phytochrome system in the aerial part causes changes in the proliferative activity and growth processes of the roots, which indicate a systemic response of the plant organism to the action of this factor. The relationship of the photoperiodic reaction of plants with the realization of phytochrome signal in the plant by activating or inhibiting the proliferative activity of root meristems and growth reactions is discussed.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73542158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation and self-maintenance of the population Hyssopus officinalis L. in conditions of the iron ore dump of Krуvyі Rih area","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-5","url":null,"abstract":"We ascertained the features of formation of self-renewing and self-sustaining of the local population of the Mediterranean introducent Hyssopus officinalis L. in the extremal ecologic and edaphic conditions of an iron ore dump in Kryvyi Rih Area, seeds of which have been sown on the area of 1 ha about 30 years ago. It was found that the species, during this period after reaching the reproductive phase of development, has taken the area of the dump of about 3 ha and, in fact, it formed the isolated population. This species annually multiplied by seed, and spread on the areas of ore dump, where almost no vegetation cover, in fact, performing a pioneer function. At the site, where the initial sowing of H. officinalis seeds was carried out, the phytocoenosis forms now; this phytocoenosis, according to its floristic composition, approaches the natural steppe, but the introduced species are gradually ousted. In habitats occupied by the species due to its spontaneous distribution, successional processes are at an initial stage. Within some of the population loci of H. officinalis, we have found up to 513 adult individuals with the number of generative sprouts from 20 to 70 per a plant. Flowers are formed on these sprouts in average from 160.2 to 181.6. Average seed productivity is 60 % of theoretically possible rate, and the seeds from the parent species extend to a distance of 1–5 m. In a compact areas where H. officinalis grows, there are plants of all the age groups – from the seedlings to the subsenile. H. officinalis has naturalized in the dump conditions, and its local population is а resistant, full-grouped; it develops under the conditions where other species are not competitive. Generatively developed plants are higher than 90 cm and have good vital state. The species on the dump shows pioneering features; it is not aggressive and can be displaced by zonal vegetation; thus, it does not pose invasion risk. H. officinalis can be recommended for the revegetation of iron ore dumps, or their large decommissioned areas, without technical preconditioning, only by direct sowing of the seeds into the dump rocks, to promote its spread artificially.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90796959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New data on the spider fauna (Araneae) of the Penza Region (Russia)","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2075-5457-2020-35-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-35-12","url":null,"abstract":"Arachnological research in the Penza Region was conducted in the 1980s and in the mid-2000s only. Initially, a list of 112 species was published and spider distribution within five types of habitats throughout the region was analyzed (Pyatin, 1988). Later on, spiders were studied in four segments of the Privolzhskaya Lesostep Nature Reserve and the species lists for each segment were compiled (Polchaninova, 2008, 2015a, b, 2020). In total, 273 spider species of 23 families were recorded from the reserve. The segments are located in four administrative districts of the region. The present paper provides an annotated list of 71 spider species recorded for the first time from the Lunino District. The material was collected by pitfall trapping in 2004 and 2005 in five habitats in the Nature Monument Solontsovaya Steppe: meadow steppe on the chernozem soil on a gentle slope (33 species), steppe on the clayey soil on a steep gully slope (33 species), steppe on the solonetz soil on a gentle slope (43 species), sand and clay quarry (28 species), and bank of a pond (29 species). The most abundant was the spider assemblage of the meadow steppe (736 individuals) dominated by Pardosa fulvipes (62 % of total spiders collected in the habitat). Other spider assemblages were less abundant (minimum 243 individuals on the pond bank and maximum 324 individuals in the solonetz steppe), and their dominance structure was more uniform. The dominant complexes consisted of Gnaphosa lugibris, Haplodrassus signifier and Xerolycosa miniata in the clayey steppe (53 % of total spiders in the habitat), X. miniata, P. fulvipes, P. palustris, and P. agrestis in the solonetz steppe (60 %), X. miniata and P. fulvipes in the quarry (57 %), and P. fulvipes, P. palustris, and Diplostуla concolor on the pond bank (63.5 %). Thus, Pardosa fulvipes and Xerolycosa miniata were the most numerous species at the study site. A high abundance of both species was also observed in the Borok segment of the Privolzhskaya Lesostep Nature Reserve, which suggests similarity of ecological conditions in the grassland habitats of both localities. One species, Mastigusa arietina, is new to the Penza Region. Taking into account 40 species recorded by М. Pyatin (1988) but absent from our collection, the spider fauna of the Penza Region numbers 313 species of 27 families.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88017593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HYBRID VERSION OF UKRAINE TRANSITION FROM PERIPHERY OF WORLD-ECONOMY TO SEMI-PERIPHERY","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2220-8089-2020-38-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2220-8089-2020-38-06","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the transition of Ukraine from the periphery of the modern world-economy to the semi-periphery. Several global variants of such a transition have been analysed and a hybrid version has been proposed. Based on the analysis of Ukrainian export-import operations, the conclusion of our previous work of Ukraine being one of the periphery states has been confirmed. According to the global practice, for such states, there are two options for the transition to the semi-periphery. The first of them is the implementation of such systemic reforms that will allow for a considerable time to redistribute profits from international operations in their favour. This option is implemented in two forms. The first is authoritarian modernization (examples – Singapore, China). The second is reforms carried out with the broad support of the countries of the centre (an example is the European and Euro-Atlantic integration of the Central Europe countries). The second option is cooperation with the hegemonic state (USA) in the field of security and maintenance of order, for which such a state receives various support and access to the American sales market (examples - South Korea, Japan and the FRG, partly Turkey and Chile). It was concluded that the above options are unacceptable in a difficult Ukrainian case (chronic under-reforming, low quality of the Ukrainian elite, internal problems in the EU and the United States, a protracted conflict with the Russian Federation, etc.), thus there is a need for such an option that would combine the elements of all of the above – that is, a hybrid one. The proposed option assumes, firstly, the introduction of qualitatively new representatives into the Ukrainian elite, capable for systemic reforms, secondly, the continuation of European integration efforts, thirdly, strengthening cooperation with the United States in the security sphere, and fourthly, the activation of regional integration projects (primarily with Turkey and Poland). If efforts in one of the designated areas fail, then resources can be redirected to activate others without wasting precious time. As a conclusion, it was stated that the proposed hybrid version of Ukraine’s transition from the periphery to the semi-periphery looks like the only realistic way for Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86196598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of phosphorus compounds on the formation of ammonium ions by cells of nitrogen-fixing bacteria Аzotobacter chroococcum VKM V-1272","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-14","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of investigation of the influence of inorganic compounds of phosphorus (potassium hydroortophosphate, sodium hydroorthophosphate) and phosphorus fertilizers (superphosphate, phosphorite flour) on the accumulation of biomass and the formation of ammonium ions by the cells of nitrogen-fixing bacteria А. chroococcum VKM V-1272. Sodium hydrophosphate, superphosphate and phosphorite flour were introduced into the culture medium (Ashby medium) instead of K2HPO4 at equimolar concentrations to the phosphate ion concentration in Ashby medium and at double concentration. It was established that Na2HPO4·12H2O, superphosphate and phosphorite flour at equimolar concentration stimulated the accumulation of biomass of A. chroococcum VKM V-1272, but at higher concentration they inhibited bacterial growth when compared to control. An increase of the concentration of Na2HPO4·12H2O and K2HPO4 in the culture medium there was inhibited not only the growth but also the formation of ammonium ions by A. chroococcum VKM V-1272 bacteria. Phosphate fertilizers at all concentrations inhibited the nitrogen fixation process. The effectiveness of the using of phosphorus compounds by bacteria А. chroococcum VKM V-1272 in the growth process has also been investigated. It has been established that soluble inorganic compounds (potassium hydroortophosphate, sodium hydroortophosphate) can be used by bacteria with different effectiveness as a source of phosphorus. In a medium with Na2НРО4·12H2O, К2НРО4 and superphosphate we observed a decrease of the concentration of phosphate ions that evidences that bacteria A. chroococcum VKM B-1272 use them during growth. Increasing of the concentration of phosphate ions in the medium with phosphorite flour indicates the ability of bacteria to phosphate mobilization. So the accumulation of biomass and the formation of ammonium ions by nitrogen-fixing bacteria A. chroococcum VKM B-1272 depended on the nature and concentration of the phosphorus source in the growth medium. Therefore, further studies of the influence of phosphorus nutrition on the physiological and biochemical properties of nitrogen-fixing bacteria will allow to evaluate the sensitivity of A. chroococcum VKM B-1272 to the action of inorganic pollutants and to show the importance of rational use of phosphorus fertilizers in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85571977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE WORLD LEADERS THROUGH THE PRISM OF INFORMATION POLICY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2220-8089-2020-37-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2220-8089-2020-37-08","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the information policy in the current global crisis, weighed down by the pandemic of the COVID-19, which has sunk many countries around the world. In the setting of extreme conditions, the behaviour, rhetoric, slogans of world leaders and methods of mass communication are investigated. It is noted that the response of a certain number of world leaders was not always based on objective and rational recommendations of experts; moreover, they were even indicated by the absence of any scientific justification. It is proposed to classify the behaviour of world leaders during the fight against a pandemic according to the following four types: «Silence of the Lambs», «Riot of the Elites», «Tough Rejection», «Pendulum». The following types of approaches in internal communications (from the leader to people) are distinguished during the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus epidemic, due to the tasks facing politicians and their vision of solving the problem: «Caring father», «Populist», «Tough leader», and «Tactician», depending on the internal socio-political situation in the country and the international situation, as well as on the personality traits of the leader himself, taking into account the predicted reaction of the neighbouring countries and the international community. Relevant examples of political leaders of each of these types are given. It is emphasized that world leaders did not take advantage of the emergency and did not formulate a concept for the future of their countries, confining themselves to general phrases. The forecasted trends are the demand for certain types of political leader after the pandemic, the need for the development of mass ideology, new events and guarantees of protection.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"257 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79561987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}