Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia最新文献

{"title":"Features of floristic structure and productivity of dry meadows of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2075-5457-2020-35-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-35-1","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of study of floristic structure and productivity of the dry meadows preserved in the ravine and gully system in the Zmiiv District of the Kharkiv Region. The research was carried out at the model sites with floral composition and features of use typical for the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It was established that the total phytocenosis productivity depends on the phytomass fluctuations of two main groups of plants, forbs and grasses. The flora of the studied meadows includes at least 87 vascular plant species. The ten main families altogether number 70 species (80.5 % of the species composition). The families Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl (23 species, 26.4 %), Fabaceae Lindl. (11 species, 12.6 %) and Poaceae Barnhart (8 species, 9.2 %) are presented best. This ratio of families is characteristic of herbaceous phytocenoses of the Holarctic floristic realm. The Poaceae family plays the leading role in the formation of meadow phytocenoses, since its members often dominate the main meadow formations. Analysis of the flora ecomorph spectrum revealed prevalence of a xerophilous group that includes meadow, meadow-steppe and steppe species. The obtained data indicate a rather significant xerophytization of the study area, which is typical for the growing conditions of the dry meadows located on the watersheds with atmospheric type of humidification only. Perennial herbaceous meadow-steppe and some ruderal species prevailed in the life form spectrum (77.0 %), which is characteristic of the meadow flora of the Kharkiv Region. Annual segetal weeds, introduced from neighboring fields, contribute significantly to the meadow flora (17.2 %), in particular, such adventive species as Ambrosia artemisifolia L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., and Cyclachaen axanthifolia (Nutt.) Fresen. The research of phytocenose productivity showed that the Poaceae proportion in the meadows with high productivity is usually about 35‒40 %. In the meadows with low productivity, it can exceed 50 % that is explained by the leading role of the family Poaceae in the formation of meadow phytocenoses under high xerophytization of the vegetation cover.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89309844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PROBLEM OF CORRELATION OF THE CONCEPTS «SOVEREIGNTY» AND «NATIONAL IDENTITY»: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL DIMENSION","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2220-8089-2020-38-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2220-8089-2020-38-08","url":null,"abstract":"The position of close connection between the concepts of «national identity» and the concept of «sovereignty» is defended. Emphasis is placed on the fact that in Ukraine the issue of national identity is often related to its ethnic and cultural component. After all, the basis for the formation of national identity after the collapse of the USSR was ethnic identity, mainly due to the fact that in the days of the Soviet state there was no fully developed civil society. But since for a modern nation that integrates into the European community, the civic component of national identity is no less important than ethnic, the next step in its crystallization should be the «cultivation» of a mature civil society. It is articulated that the latter consists of sovereign, educated individuals on whom social (people's) sovereignty depends, which in democratic countries is essentially and procedurally provided by the rule of law and, ultimately, creates the subjectivity and sovereignty of the latter. It is noted that one of the important functions of a sovereign state is the ability to recreate its own national identity. And for a democratic state, it is important to provide everyone with the opportunity to make a conscious and free choice of his identity. After all, when there is a possibility of conscious choice, then a mature civil society is formed, ready to defend its own national identity, as the latter will be formed in its own coordinate system of citizens, rather than under duress, which is more typical of authoritarian and totalitarian states. Which, ultimately, will ensure the stability, subjectivity and sovereignty of the state at both the domestic and foreign policy levels. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the nation is a natural community, and the natural community does not have the ability to articulate the problem of the sovereignty of the individual, which is based on the concept of natural rights. The implementation of the latter can be ensured only by the rule of law under the influence of civil society. The implementation of the latter can be ensured only by the rule of law under the influence of civil society. Therefore, the modern national identity in Ukraine can be formed in the context of European traditions, if the full implementation of both ethnic and civic components.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88882062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Drosophila melanogaster reproduction and preadult mortality after the influence of microwave radiation","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-6","url":null,"abstract":"A new type of anthropogenic impact – low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of extremely high frequencies (EHF EMR) demonstrates various genetic effects. The questions of the organism adaptive response formation to short-term exposure of EMR that depends on the individual’s genotype are of particular interest. The objective of this study was to analyze the reproductive ability and preadult mortality in Drosophila melanogaster with whiteapticot mutation after the influence of microwave radiation. We used D. melanogaster stocks that carry whiteapticot mutation, but differ in the genetic background on which this mutation is located: wa(C-S), wa(Or) and wa. Virgin flies were irradiated. The parameters of the external influence were power flux density W=10 μW/cm2, frequency F=65 GHz, exposure time t=5 minutes. The stages of embryo death, number of adult offspring, and mortality rate at the pupal stage were analyzed. The results of the study showed that the effect of electromagnetic radiation on virgin imagoes of Drosophila with an impaired tryptophan metabolism modifies the survival rate of the offspring at the preimaginal stages of ontogenesis. In the offspring of young flies (at the age of 3–8 days) the frequency of embryonic mortality decreases during the 0–5.5 hours period (initial stages of cleavage and blastoderm formation) and 5.5–17 hours period (stage of gastrulation and embryo segmentation, histogenesis) of embryogenesis. The total number of offspring at the adult stage does not differ from the control values; the mortality rate at the pupal stage also does not change in the offspring of young parents after exposure to EMR. An increase in the age of parental couples that were exposed to short-term EMR on the first day after eclosion from pupae (20–25 days aged) leads to a decrease in the embryonic mortality rate of offspring during the 17–22 hours of embryogenesis (organogenesis stage and larval exit from chorion). The total embryonic mortality rate is determined solely by the age of the parents. The strength of this factor for the stocks is h2wa=69.7 %, h2wa(C-S)=52.2 % and h2wa(Or)=64.9 % respectively. The impact of EMR affects the embryonic mortality rate only for the wa(Or) (h2EMR=18.3 %). External exposure does not change the number of imago offspring in individuals aged 0–5 days; the number of adult offspring increased by 1,2 times in individuals aged 20–25 days in the stock wa(C-S). A decrease in the number of dead individuals at the pupal stage in the descendants of 20–25-day-old parents after exposure to EMR EHF on average by three times was shown.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81363797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEARCHING FOR NEW AUTHORITARISM IN THE CONDITIONS OF GEOPOLITICAL TURBULENCE","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2220-8089-2020-37-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2220-8089-2020-37-01","url":null,"abstract":"The main factors of the growing popularity and influence of undemocratic regimes are considered. In the modern world, in the context of geopolitical turbulence, the geopolitical centers of power and actors in the adoption of global management decisions are changing. But there is a need to manage socio-political and economic processes for the stable development of society. Therefore, the conditions of chaos only strengthen the attempts to search and create fuses for the uncontrollability of the development of the political regime. Especially in the conditions of the crisis of the formal institutions of liberal democracy, a clear proof of which was the emergence of post-democracy as a phenomenon and process of evolution of «modern» democracies. Several factors reinforce this trend. First of all, the reverse wave of democratization (S. Huntington), which lasts several decades. Secondly, the crisis of American hegemony and the completion of the next cycle of political hegemony. We must add the completion of the macrohistorical cycle of the internal political development of the political system of the USA itself (A. Schlesinger) with a number of crises throughout the entire first half of 2020. The weakening of the global hegemon resulted in the process of easternization and the emergence of new geopolitical centers (primarily, Asia, namely China with a powerful economy, which is a prerequisite for the formation of a new hegemon). The third factor is the growth of right-wing extremism and right-wing populism in countries of sustainable democracies and new democracies. The wave of populism is supported by a conservative turn in the form of legal consolidation of nationalism, the legitimation of the dominance of the collective over the individual. Another factor of destabilization is the crisis of traditional institutions of democracy, primarily political parties, party leaders who can refuse program promises and turn into lawyers of the «expression of the will of the people». Amid growing mistrust of traditional democratic institutions and the values of liberalism, there is a growing demand for leaders and institutions that can ensure the safe and stable development of society. And the actual uniqueness of the current development is the search for new forms of coexistence of authoritarian and democratic institutions within the same political regime.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"533 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85681721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of the parasites (Plathelminthes: Trematoda) of the Wels catfish (Silurus glanis L., 1758)","authors":"N. E. Ibrahimova","doi":"10.26565/2075-5457-2020-35-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-35-10","url":null,"abstract":"The Wels catfish or sheatfish (Silurus glanis L., 1758) is one of the important commercial fishes. Its native range extends from Eastern Europe to Western Asia. Recently, the species range has expanded both to the west and south due to the introduction. In the water bodies of Azerbaijan, the Wels catfish exists at the southernmost border of its range. It was recorded from the Kura River and its basin. There is no survey of parasitological studies on the trematodes of the Wels catfish. The previous papers have not covered all systematic groups or all the areas where the fish is distributed. Based on the literature data, we prepared a systematic review of the Wels catfish trematodes within the catfish present-day range (native area plus the areas of introduction), including Azerbaijan. The list is given according to the system of parasitic organisms implemented in the Catalog of parasites of freshwater fishes of North Asia. We also took into account new studies in the trematode taxonomy. Each species is provided with the following data: synonyms, habitat in the fish body, collecting localities, geographic distribution within the catfish range, infection rates, and references. As a result, 33 trematode species were found in the Wels catfish. They belong to three orders (Aspidogastridea ‒ 1 species, Strigeida ‒ 16 species, and Plagiorchiida ‒ 16 species), 15 families and 24 genera. Of these, 14 species are distributed in the waterbodies of Azerbaijan. The family Diplostomidae (9 species) dominates among the Wels catfish’ trematode parasites. The most Wels catfish trematodes within its whole range are Bucephalus polymorphus, Orientocreadium siluri and Diplostomum spathaceum. We established that Aspidogaster limacoides, Plagioporus skrjabini, Phyllodistomum petruschewskii were recorded from Ukraine only, Allocreadium siluri and Bolboforus confusus, from Uzbekistan, and Asymphylodora kubanica, Bychowskycreadium bychowsky, Bychowskycreadium schiliani, Diplostomum mergi, Diplostomum chromatophorum, and Diplostomum paraspathaceum from Azerbaijan.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88523116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GEOPOLITICAL COMPONENTS OF HYBRID WAR: CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2220-8089-2020-38-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2220-8089-2020-38-13","url":null,"abstract":"Radical transformations in the global geopolitical reality led to the immediate development of the latest form of geopolitical conflict – hybrid war. The urgency of understanding is indicated the concept of \"hybrid war\", of systematization geopolitical concepts, development and implementation of reaching a consensus technology in global and regional hybrid wars. The main characteristic features of the Russian-Ukrainian hybrid war are considered from the point of view of classical and modern geopolitical concepts are considered. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the Russian-Ukrainian hybrid war is taking place in a fundamentally new world geopolitical environment. Denouement of hostilities from the aggressor countryindicates the inability to achieve the goal by non-forceful methods. It is proved that the main geostrategic goals of Russia are associated with an attempt to turn its own Eurasian resources into the only ones in the world. Thus, firstly, it will create competition for the Atlantic geopolitical system, and secondly, it could lead most states, including Ukraine, to energy depletion, which would contribute to institutional destruction and a crisis of the legitimacy of power. It is being proved that the main reason for the Russian-Ukrainian hybrid war is Russia's desire to restore regional and world leadership. This geostrategy is based on a well-founded geopolitical Eurasian concept of Russia, which gives Russian expansion a civilizational meaning and justifies the need to unite the Eurasian continent as a counterweight to the expansion of Atlanticism. From the standpoint of the civilization approach, the geopolitical vulnerability of Ukraine is emphasized due to the fact that it is on the verge of a collision of two powerful civilizations - Eurasian and European. It is noted that during the escalation of the confrontation, the geopolitical border became a real front line, and the territory of Ukraine is used as a springboard for military action. Geostrategic factors are highlighted that explain the conditions for the existence of modern relations between the aggressor state and the object state.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88331462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POLITICAL CORRUPTION AS A SYSTEM OF ILLEGAL ACTIONS: VARIABILITY OF ASPECTS","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2220-8089-2020-38-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2220-8089-2020-38-02","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical and methodological bases of political corruption as a systemic problem are considered. Political corruption is analyzed as a complex political, socio-economic, legal phenomenon, its main features are studied, the main approaches to the interpretation of the concept of political corruption are systematized, the causes of corrupt economic relations are clarified. Emphasis is placed on the fact that political corruption is a specific element of the socio-political life of society and the state as a whole. It reduces the ability of public authorities to realistically and effectively solve various objectively arising social problems. The phenomenon of political corruption has a socio-global nature, mediated by a set of economic, political, socio-cultural factors of society. The conceptual consideration of this aspect of political corruption is based on the assertion that political corruption is a multilateral but holistic phenomenon. In other words, revealing political corruption in this aspect, it is necessary not only to identify its essential features in the framework of political, legal, socio-economic and socio-cultural approaches, but also to trace the relationship between them, to understand their combination in a single phenomenon. It turns out that the main mechanism of control of politicians, accountability to their voters are always civil society institutions, the absence of which, as well as the dependence of the legislative and judicial branches of government inevitably lead to political corruption, which in turn completes the cycle of political corruption. generates the production of such actions of the authorities.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"227 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76808655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathomorphological changes in the larvae cells of blood-suckıng mosquitoes (Aedes caspius Pallas, 1771) affected by parasitizing microsporidium Amblyospora (=Thelohania) opacita Kudo, 1922","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2075-5457-2020-35-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-35-11","url":null,"abstract":"Microsporidia are highly specialized obligate intracellular parasites. They affect various tissues of most animal groups. In Azerbaijan, 29 species and forms of microsporidia were recorded. Of these, 10 species (Amblyospora minuta, Pleistophora obesa, Thelohania opacita, Th. opacita caspius, Th. vexans, Stempellia captshagaica, St. magna, Nosema caspius, Nosema sp., Culicosporella sp.) were found in four species of blood-sucking mosquitos (Culix pipiens pipiens, Aedes vexans, A. caspius, Culex theileri). The collected larvae were identified using the key of Gutsevich et al. (1970). In the laboratory, the mosquito larvae were examined against a dark background under the microscope MBS-9 to distinguish individuals infected with microsporidia. Smears were stained with azure-eosin. Histological slices were prepared according to the Volkova and Yeletskiy method (1971); pathological changes in host tissues were identified using the electron microscope JEM 1400. In the course of our research conducted in 2017–2018 on the Absheron peninsula (Azerbaijan), the life stages of the microsporidium Amblyospora (=Thelohania) opacita Kudo, 1922 were found in the larvae of Aedes caspius Pallas, 1771. Examination of the infected host cell ultrastructure revealed the following changes: rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria concentration around the parasite, an increase of cytoplasm volume, initiation of cell hypertrophy, disappearance of fat, protein granules and rough endoplasmic reticulum at later development stages, a decrease in the number of ribosomes in the cytoplasm and their simultaneous increase around the periphery of the nucleus, mitochondria degradation. These changes cause a delay in the larva development. Microsporidiosis affects the whole mosquito life cycle. The effect of microsporidia on the host organism manifests itself in the delayed larvae development and, in some cases, their early death. First of all, the lipid granules disappear supposedly because of the intensification of the host's aerobic metabolism to compensate for the energy loss caused by the developing parasites.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79798581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of phosphorus compounds on the formation of ammonium ions by cells of nitrogen-fixing bacteria Аzotobacter chroococcum VKM V-1272","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-14","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of investigation of the influence of inorganic compounds of phosphorus (potassium hydroortophosphate, sodium hydroorthophosphate) and phosphorus fertilizers (superphosphate, phosphorite flour) on the accumulation of biomass and the formation of ammonium ions by the cells of nitrogen-fixing bacteria А. chroococcum VKM V-1272. Sodium hydrophosphate, superphosphate and phosphorite flour were introduced into the culture medium (Ashby medium) instead of K2HPO4 at equimolar concentrations to the phosphate ion concentration in Ashby medium and at double concentration. It was established that Na2HPO4·12H2O, superphosphate and phosphorite flour at equimolar concentration stimulated the accumulation of biomass of A. chroococcum VKM V-1272, but at higher concentration they inhibited bacterial growth when compared to control. An increase of the concentration of Na2HPO4·12H2O and K2HPO4 in the culture medium there was inhibited not only the growth but also the formation of ammonium ions by A. chroococcum VKM V-1272 bacteria. Phosphate fertilizers at all concentrations inhibited the nitrogen fixation process. The effectiveness of the using of phosphorus compounds by bacteria А. chroococcum VKM V-1272 in the growth process has also been investigated. It has been established that soluble inorganic compounds (potassium hydroortophosphate, sodium hydroortophosphate) can be used by bacteria with different effectiveness as a source of phosphorus. In a medium with Na2НРО4·12H2O, К2НРО4 and superphosphate we observed a decrease of the concentration of phosphate ions that evidences that bacteria A. chroococcum VKM B-1272 use them during growth. Increasing of the concentration of phosphate ions in the medium with phosphorite flour indicates the ability of bacteria to phosphate mobilization. So the accumulation of biomass and the formation of ammonium ions by nitrogen-fixing bacteria A. chroococcum VKM B-1272 depended on the nature and concentration of the phosphorus source in the growth medium. Therefore, further studies of the influence of phosphorus nutrition on the physiological and biochemical properties of nitrogen-fixing bacteria will allow to evaluate the sensitivity of A. chroococcum VKM B-1272 to the action of inorganic pollutants and to show the importance of rational use of phosphorus fertilizers in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85571977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE WORLD LEADERS THROUGH THE PRISM OF INFORMATION POLICY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC","authors":"","doi":"10.26565/2220-8089-2020-37-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2220-8089-2020-37-08","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the information policy in the current global crisis, weighed down by the pandemic of the COVID-19, which has sunk many countries around the world. In the setting of extreme conditions, the behaviour, rhetoric, slogans of world leaders and methods of mass communication are investigated. It is noted that the response of a certain number of world leaders was not always based on objective and rational recommendations of experts; moreover, they were even indicated by the absence of any scientific justification. It is proposed to classify the behaviour of world leaders during the fight against a pandemic according to the following four types: «Silence of the Lambs», «Riot of the Elites», «Tough Rejection», «Pendulum». The following types of approaches in internal communications (from the leader to people) are distinguished during the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus epidemic, due to the tasks facing politicians and their vision of solving the problem: «Caring father», «Populist», «Tough leader», and «Tactician», depending on the internal socio-political situation in the country and the international situation, as well as on the personality traits of the leader himself, taking into account the predicted reaction of the neighbouring countries and the international community. Relevant examples of political leaders of each of these types are given. It is emphasized that world leaders did not take advantage of the emergency and did not formulate a concept for the future of their countries, confining themselves to general phrases. The forecasted trends are the demand for certain types of political leader after the pandemic, the need for the development of mass ideology, new events and guarantees of protection.","PeriodicalId":34206,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo Natsional''nogo Universitetu Imeni VN Karazina Seriia Biologiia","volume":"257 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79561987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}