Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii最新文献

{"title":"New Algorithm of Stress Echocardiography with Adenosine Triphosphate","authors":"N. Nelassov, M. Morgunov, R. Sidorov, N. Doltmurzieva, O. Eroshenko, E. Arzumanjan, E. Kreneva, S. Shlyk","doi":"10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-5-288-295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-5-288-295","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Submaximal myocardial hyperemia is known not to be achieved in 16–18% of cases during cardiac stress tests and monotonic intracubital administration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at a dose of 140–160 μg/kg/min. The authors set a task to elaborate a new algorithm for stress echocardiography (SEchoCG) with ATP, providing for the possibility of a stepwise increase in the dosage of the drug, as well as to test it in healthy individuals and patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Material and methods. The authors elaborated a new algorithm for SEchoCG on the basis of an analysis of the main science databases and their first own experience in using ATP during SEchoCG. The key provisions of the new algorithm were: (a) the exercise test consisted of 3 stages (EchoCG data should be recorded before, during, and 5 minutes after ATP infusion); (b) the criterion for achieving submaximal myocardial hyperemia during ATP administration is a systolic blood pressure (SBP) reduction of 5 and more mm Hg; (c) EchoCG was usually recorded at Stage 2 of the test 3 minutes after the start of ATP administration and with a decline in SBP; (d) the initial dose of ATP administration was 140 μg/kg/min; if SBP did not decrease at 3 minutes of the drug administration, the dosage should be first increased up to 175 μg/kg/ min at 1 minute; if there was no effect, the dosage should be increased up to 210 μg/kg/min at another 2–3 minutes. The algorithm was tested in 9 healthy volunteers, and in 26 patients with CHD. Results. Testing the new algorithm showed that all cases achieved submaximal myocardial hyperemia. SBP decreased below 90 mm Hg in 2 patients; 1 patient developed second-degree atrioventricular block; however, a simple decrease in the ATP infusion rate within 30 sec leveled this symptomatology. The SEchoCG data acceptable for the subsequent analysis of myocardial contractility and deformation could be recorded in all the examinees. Conclusion. The new algorithm for SEchoCG with ATP is effective in recording EchoCG findings. To have a final decision on the safety and information value of a new stress test protocol, it may be recommended to further test those in larger groups of patients during SEchoCG and in the use of other imaging procedures to assess myocardial contractility and perfusion.","PeriodicalId":34090,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67729535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Endovascular Treatment for Recanalized Post-Traumatic Carotid-Cavernous Fistula","authors":"A. Sufianov, S. M. Karasev, R. Khafizov, R. R. Rustamov, R. Sufianov, T. Khafizov","doi":"10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-5-313-318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-5-313-318","url":null,"abstract":"Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are spontaneous or acquired communications between the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the cavernous sinus, which can be classified as direct or indirect. Direct fistulas between the ICA and the cavernous sinus can arise from injury, rupture of intracavernous carotid aneurysm, collagen deficiency syndrome, artery dissection, fibromuscular dysplasia, and direct surgical trauma. The symptoms caused by CCF are related to their size, duration, location, the direction of venous outflow, and the presence of arterial and venous collaterals. The goal of treatment for direct CCFs is to close the defect between the ICA and the cavernous sinus while maintaining the patency of the ICA. This goal can be achieved either by transarterial fistula occlusion using a removable balloon, transarterial or transvenous occlusion of the ipsilateral cavernous sinus with coils or other embolic material, or by implanting a covered stent in the fistula area. The choice of a method for CCF treatment remains relevant. The paper describes a clinical case of successful endovascular treatment for post-traumatic recanalized CCF in a patient with obvious ophthalmic manifestations as pulsating exophthalmos, conjunctival chemosis, and ischemic optic neuropathy of the right eye. Previously, the patient had undergone endovascular CCF embolization with coils and ICA reconstruction with flow diverting stents. Fistula embolization was performed with coils via transvenous access. In the opinion of the authors, the use of venous access in this case allowed them to perform total occlusion of the recanalized fistula and to achieve good angiographic and clinical results in the long-term period.","PeriodicalId":34090,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67729462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criteria for Responses of Renal Cancer Metastases to Targeted and Immunotherapy","authors":"V. Blinov, A. S. Blinova, V. Petkau, S. Demidov","doi":"10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-4-206-213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-4-206-213","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to compare the criteria for tumor response to targeted therapy and immunotherapy for metastatic kidney cancer. Subjects and methods. The paper presents the results of diagnosis and treatment in 20 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Of these, 10 patients took interferon- α as immunotherapy, 10 patients received sorafenib as targeted therapy. The response of targeted foci was assessed using computed tomography according to the RECIST 1.1, Choi, mChoi, and SACT criteria. Control CTs were performed every 3 months until the disease progressed. The progression-free time was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results. The investigation revealed the coincidence according to the RECIST 1.1, Choi, mChoi and SACT criteria in terms of progression in all assessed cases; that according to the partial response criterion in 50% of cases, and that according to the stability criterion in 8.7%. Other cases displayed a discrepancy in the interpretation of the results. The progression-free time for patients receiving immunotherapy according to the RECIST 1.1 criteria, the Choi and mChoi criteria, and the SACT criteria was 6.3 ± 0.7, 4.3 ± 0.6, and 4.5 ± 0.7 months, respectively. The progression-free time for patients receiving targeted therapy according to the above criteria was 10.3 ± 1.2, 6.4 ± 1.2, and 6.7 ± 1.3 months. Conclusion. Tumor response to therapy is critical in evaluating the efficiency of anticancer treatment. Targeted and immunological drugs cause not only a tumor size change, but also necrosis and cystic degeneration. The criteria based not only on changes in size, but also on those in the density of tumor foci have a shorter progression-free time and make it possible to identify patients with disease progression at an earlier date.","PeriodicalId":34090,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42086896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Radionuclide Diagnostic Methods in Neuro-Oncology","authors":"T. Skvortsova, Natalie Judov, Mikhail Plotkin, G. Stoffels, N. Galldiks, R. Krasikova, K. Langen","doi":"10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-4-221-234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-4-221-234","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, positron emission tomography (PET) with amino acid radiopharmaceuticals has assumed increasing importance in the diagnosis of brain tumors and it has already become an additional method of examination along with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in many diagnostic centers. The markers of somatostatin receptors seem to be most promising for the PET diagnosis of meningiomas. PET provides important additional information in the diagnosis of brain changes of unknown origin and more accurate information about tumor boundaries, which is necessary for biopsy, neurosurgery, and radiation therapy. In addition, labeled amino acid PET aids in the assessment of disease prognosis, in the differentiation of continued tumor growth from nonspecific therapeutic pathomorphism of the brain, and in the evaluation of treatment efficiency at an earlier time than is possible with MRI.","PeriodicalId":34090,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45703530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wide-Detector Computed Tomography for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Microsurgical Autotransplantation of Tissue Complexes in the Urogenital Region","authors":"I. O. Shchekoturov, R. Bakhtiozin, A. L. Istranov, N. Serova, O. A. Mkhitaryan, M. R. Ibregimova","doi":"10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-4-198-205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-4-198-205","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to demonstrate the possibilities and advantages of wide-detector computed tomography for performing dynamic studies and evaluating the effectiveness of microsurgical autotransplantation of tissue complexes in the urogenital region, by using a perfusion computed tomography and dynamic voiding computed cystourethrography. Subjects and methods. This investigation enrolled 36 patients with different urogenital diseases, who were examined using a wide-detector computed tomographic scanner and the procedures of dynamic perfusion computed tomography and dynamic voiding computed cystourethrography. Results. Perfusion examination revealed that none of the patients had hypoperfused areas of autografts, which suggests their good engraftment. Dynamic voiding computed cystourethrography estimated the width of the urethral lumen in all segments and identified the regions of its greatest narrowing and their extension. Computed uroflowmetry was scheduled for all patients. Conclusion. The advantages of wide-detector systems with their unique properties made it possible to apply them in the new area – in planning and evaluating the effectiveness of the microsurgical reconstruction of the urogenital region, by obtaining additional, previously unavailable diagnostic information.","PeriodicalId":34090,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67729420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"К вопросу о стандартизации МРТ-исследований с использованием автоматического инъектора для введения магнитно-резонансных контрастных средств","authors":"Василий Александрович Фокин","doi":"10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-4-235-243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-4-235-243","url":null,"abstract":"The reproducibility of the conditions used during scanning, especially in MRI, is one of the important tasks in radiodiagnosis to obtain standardized data and to correctly assess them over time in the same patient. The important aspect is to use an automatic magnetic resonance contrast agent injector. The paper considers the aspects of obtaining standardized results using the automatic injector during standard contrast enhancement, by applying subtraction, dynamic contrast enhancement, magnetic resonance angiography, and magnetic resonance perfusion.","PeriodicalId":34090,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii","volume":"20 1","pages":"235-243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67729524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grayscale Color Mapping with the Mathematical Analysis of an Ultrasound Image in the Differential Diagnosis of Cystic and Solid Breast Masses","authors":"D. Pasynkov, I. Egoshin, A. Kolchev, I. V. Klyushkin, O. Pasynkova","doi":"10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-3-136-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-3-136-146","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Atypical breast cysts are often quite a serious problem in noninvasive ultrasound differential diagnosis. To develop a system for automated analysis of grayscale ultrasound images, which on the principles of mathematical processing would make it possible to increase the specificity of diagnosis in this situation.Material and methods. The authors developed the CystChecker 1.0 software package. To test this system, they used a set of 217 ultrasound images: 107 cystic (including 53 atypical lesions that were hardly differentially diagnosed by standard methods) and 110 solid (both benign and malignant) breast masses. All the masses were verified by cytology and/or histology. Visual assessment was carried out analyzing grayscale ultrasound, color/power Doppler, and elastography images.Results. Using the system developed by the authors could correctly identify all (n = 107 (100%)) typical cysts, 107 (97.3%) of 110 solid masses, and 50 (94.3%) of 53 atypical cysts. On the contrary, the standard visual assessment provided a possibility of correctly identifying all (n = 107 (100%)) typical cysts, 96 (87.3%) of 110 solid masses, and 32 (60.4%) of 53 atypical cysts (p < 0.05). The corresponding values of the overall specificity of automated and visual assessments were 98 and 87%, respectively.Conclusion. Using the system developed by the authors for automated analysis provides a higher specificity than the visual assessment of an ultrasound image, which is carried out by a qualified specialist.","PeriodicalId":34090,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67729312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difficulties in the Differential Diagnosis of Tracheobronchomegaly in Children","authors":"ya A. Il’ina, Lidiya E. Vorob’eva, Mayya D. Bakradze, A. S. Polyakova","doi":"10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-3-175-182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-3-175-182","url":null,"abstract":"Tracheobronchomegaly is a rare developmental defect in children, which is characterized by the expansion of the trachea and large bronchi, the diagnosis and treatment of which are made more often in adult practice, when the clinical diagnostic picture acquires the obvious features of Mounier-Kuhn syndrome. In this connection, the need arises for the early detection of this pathology in children and its differentiation from other diseases and malformations of the tracheobronchial tree, which mask a recurrent inflammatory process in the lung and upper respiratory tract, and primarily with those, such as cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia.The paper describes a case of secondary tracheobronchomegaly in a child with obvious clinical manifestations of Mounier-Kuhn syndrome in the presence of bronchiectasis, pulmonary fibrosis, and signs of systemic connective tissue disease. It discusses the possibilities of chest computed tomography in the diagnosis of this defect in children, as well as its causes. The sizes of the trachea and main bronchi in this patient are compared with those in the groups of children of the same age and sex who have cystic fibrosis or diffuse pulmonary fibrosis to identify a more significant role of hereditary connective tissue diseases in the development of secondary tracheobronchomegaly. The authors propose to separate the concepts of tracheobronchomegaly and Mounier-Kuhn syndrome in children and to recognize the threshold for tracheal expansion in these patients having +3SD or more.","PeriodicalId":34090,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43953093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Baker’s Cysts and Their Correlation with the Age of Patients","authors":"S. Chernyad’ev, V. B. Aretinskiy, N. Sivkova, A. Zhilyakov, N. Y. Korobova, V. Blinov, E. Grebenev","doi":"10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-3-155-162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-3-155-162","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To determine the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) morphological features of Baker’s cysts and to assess their correlation with the age of patients.Material and methods. The investigation was based on the assessment of MRI readings in 37 patients with Baker’s cysts; of them there were 29 (78.4%) women and 8 (21.6%) men. The mean age of the examinees was 60.3 years (25 to 82 years).Results. The mean dimensions of the cysts were measured. Their length, width, and height were 34 ± 2.1 mm, 5 ± 1.2 mm (range 4–31 mm), and 58 ± 2.9 mm, respectively. Their mean thickness was 0.7 mm. Intracystic chondral bodies were detected in 3 (7.5%) cases. These parameters were shown to be unrelated to age. It was found that all cysts were multi-chamber and an average of 6.8 chambers was detected. There was a weak, inversely proportional, statistically significant relationship between the age of the patients and the number of chambers in the cyst. The younger participants of the investigation exhibited no meniscal damage in an overwhelming case (57.1%); whereas complete and incomplete meniscal tears much more often occurred in older patients with Baker’s cysts (from 29 (78.4%) to 34 (91.9%) people, respectively).Conclusion. Degenerative bone and cartilage tissue changes in the joint increase with age, regardless of the cyst sizes.","PeriodicalId":34090,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67729324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation Diagnosis and Therapy of Vertebral Hemangiomas","authors":"S. A. Mizyurov, V. Zaretskov, S. V. Likhachev, A. V. Zaretskov, K. K. Levchenko, V. B. Arsenievich, S. Kireev, D. Y. Sumin","doi":"10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-3-183-192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20862/0042-4676-2020-101-3-183-192","url":null,"abstract":"The literature review is devoted to the current radiation methods for studying vertebral hemangiomas. The significance of basic (radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging) and additional (Doppler ultrasound, scintigraphy, and selective angiography) diagnostic techniques is analyzed and their role in determining the indications for surgical treatment is clarified. The priority of computed tomography over other imaging methods for this pathology is established. The use of radiation therapy for vertebral hemangiomas at the present stage of medicine development is highlighted.","PeriodicalId":34090,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67729369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}