TransportRN: Other Transportation最新文献

{"title":"Getting Ready for Europe: An Empirical Assessment for the Introduction of Periodical Technical Inspections of Road Vehicles in Turkey","authors":"W. Schulz, Sebastian Scheler","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3523602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3523602","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the effects of Periodical Technical Inspections (PTI) on traffic safety due to the convergence of Turkey to the European Union. Because strict and mandatory PTI were introduced in Turkey only in 2008, the effects of such an introduction can be well-studied. Other countries do not offer this possibility because the introduction dates back a long time and circumstances are not comparable. By using triangulation to understand the effects of such an introduction and exclusively using a unique panel data set, we can find that the introduction of PTI has a measurable effect on traffic safety in the country. Further, the monetary effect for the economy is estimated as well. Thus, this study gives insights and encouragement for other countries to introduce such measures as they can be an important step toward more road safety in countries struggling with high accident rates and high costs for the economy.","PeriodicalId":340851,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Other Transportation","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128985610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transport 2040: Automation, Technology, Employment - The Future of Work","authors":"J. Schröder-Hinrichs, Dong-Wook Song, Tiago Fonseca, Khanssa Lagdami, Xiaoning Shi, K. Loer","doi":"10.21677/itf.20190104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21677/itf.20190104","url":null,"abstract":"Transport 2040 is a first-ever, independent and comprehensive assessment of how the global transport industry will change as a result of the introduction of more automation and advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, robotics or blockchain. It forecasts and analyses trends and developments in the major transport sectors to 2040 with an emphasis on the implications for the future of work. The research pays particular attention to the cases of autonomous ships and automated ports, in which comprehensive case studies are developed. The findings and recommendations are a crucial tool to help prepare the transport industry to continue to contribute to the wellbeing of economies, societies and communities worldwide.","PeriodicalId":340851,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Other Transportation","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115443927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Domestic Agricultural Value Chain Development and Pro‐Poor Growth: A Computable General Equilibrium Microsimulation Application for the Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"Christian S. Otchia","doi":"10.1111/rode.12557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12557","url":null,"abstract":"The economy of the Democratic Republic of Congo has gained momentum between 2003 and 2015, with a high annual growth rate of over 6%. However, poverty and employment outcomes were relatively poor, while inequality increased. This study uses a computable general equilibrium (CGE) microsimulation model to study the pro‐poor effect of alternative growth strategy that is likely to strengthen the competitiveness of agro‐food products from the Congo. We experimented with three different scenarios: labor productivity growth, marketing efficiency, and transportation efficiency. The simulations demonstrated that improving the productivity of workers in agro‐food industries has not only produced strong relative pro‐poor effects, but also has the potential to lead to income convergence between rich and poor households. The analysis also revealed the underestimated contribution of agro‐food marketing and transportation efficiency. The major finding is that marketing efficiency favors the middle class. Efficiency gains in the transportation of agro‐food products generate strong pro‐poor effects in absolute and relative terms and are likely to be particularly effective in leading to income convergence. This policy has the potential not only to increase income and employment, but also to provide positive price impacts for both producers and consumers and benefits to all households, particularly low‐income households.","PeriodicalId":340851,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Other Transportation","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132242394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Inclusive View to Street Vending in India: Reflections from the Street-Markets across Kolkata","authors":"D. Mohan, R. Sekhani, Sneha Roy","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3254267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3254267","url":null,"abstract":"The governing dynamics of Urban Informality across cities in India remain closely associated with street vending business activities that are now seen as a generalized mode of metropolitan urbanization. Street vendors form an important part of local economies in a rapidly urbanizing global South, gradually emerging as a vital source of livelihood and employment opportunity for the semi-skilled and lower-income urban class. Our study provides a closer examination of the nature of business of street vendors working in markets across Kolkata (India). This paper reflects the operational dynamics of a complicated supply-chain business structure (seen in street vending across Kolkata), presenting an inter-twined existential relationship between the urban ‘informal’ with the urban ‘formal’. \u0000In studying this, the paper focuses on two critical aspects: \u0000a) Capturing samples of oral account(s) from merchants/vendors operating in targeted informal markets and, \u0000b) Gauging the supply chain dynamics of the consumer’s baskets available in these markets. \u0000From the research undertaken, the paper argues for the need to construct an inclusive view to urban informality in any urban ecosystem while providing a comprehensive understanding of street vending in identified local markets across Kolkata.","PeriodicalId":340851,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Other Transportation","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115272941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Panic of 1791: Hamilton's Reports and the Rise of Faction","authors":"R. Bruner, S. Miller","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3073283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3073283","url":null,"abstract":"On December 5, 1791, Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton presented to Congress his “Report on the Subject of Manufactures,” which proposed significant government support for nascent American industry through tariffs, subsidies, and other incentives. It seemed that Hamilton's politico-economic vision for America had substantial political momentum, yet James Madison and his circle viewed Hamilton's proposals with alarm, and a financial panic in August–September, 1791, raised new anxieties about the rapid political and economic changes occurring in the United States. In the face of these concerns, would Congress sustain its support for Hamilton's vision? \u0000Excerpt \u0000UVA-F-1783 \u0000Rev. May 21, 2020 \u0000The Panic of 1791: Hamilton's Reports and the Rise of Faction (A) \u0000On December 5, 1791, Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton presented his “Report on the Subject of Manufactures” (Report on Manufactures) to the US Congress. Hamilton's third in a series of policy proposals, the Report on Manufactures proposed tariffs to raise revenue and protect the fledgling American manufacturing industry, provide state subsidies to grow domestic industry, and fund internal improvements such as roads and canals. Above all, Hamilton sought to strengthen the independence of the new nation, now free from economic control by foreign governments. Congress had approved Hamilton's two previous reports. To succeed in gaining the endorsement for the third, Hamilton would need to frame a compelling argument in the face of a rising faction of opponents, called “Republicans,” led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. How should Hamilton frame his arguments? \u0000The nation's first financial crisis in August and September 1791 complicated Hamilton's task by forcing him to intervene in the fledgling US capital markets. To do so, the Treasury Department used the money from a special sinking fund to buy US notes and shares of the Bank of the United States (BUS), which had been plummeting in price. Hamilton instructed his agents to purchase the securities at par value rather than market value. This action stabilized the market and restored confidence. However, political opponents viewed Hamilton's intervention as a bailout of the speculators and financial elites whom opposition leaders like Jefferson and Madison held responsible for the crash. \u0000The fact that the United States had only recently emerged from nearly two decades of economic disruption only heightened tensions around Hamilton's Report on Manufactures. These tensions emanated from two distinct visions of American political economy. The first, championed by Jefferson and the Republicans, envisioned an agricultural “empire of liberty” in which virtuous yeoman farmers cultivated the means of independent “competency.” The second vision, advocated by Hamilton and the Federalists, saw the country as a dynamic commercial republic. Hamilton's famous reports to Congress put his vision for a modern fiscal-industrial state into","PeriodicalId":340851,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Other Transportation","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133125394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Indigo Story, 2018: \"On Time, Hassle Free\"?","authors":"E. N. Weiss, Stephen E. Maiden, Gerry Yemen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3263339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3263339","url":null,"abstract":"This case follows up on \"The IndiGo Story: 'On Time, Hassle Free'\" (UVA-OM-1505). The airline passenger industry in India was a mess in 2013, but the low-cost carrier, IndiGo, was making money. This relatively new company had managed to work against the odds and grab market share from more-established flyers. But, the weak rupee was still sending a chill wind through the aviation sector, and growth plans would have to include opening new destinations. This meant hiring more employees, opening more ticketing stations, and increasing costs. This case explores what happens to the company after its CEO announces his resignation. Excerpt UVA-OM-1605 Sept. 28, 2018 The IndiGo Story, 2018: “On Time, Hassle Free”? Knowing when to walk away is wisdom. Being able to is courage. Walking away, with your head held high, is dignity. —Aditya Ghosh, former CEO of IndiGo In April 2018—after slightly more than 10 years at the top—IndiGo CEO Aditya Ghosh announced his resignation and posted on Instagram an unknown author's quote about challenge and wisdom. For the most part, Ghosh said he planned to start a new venture. Some saw the resignation as a reaction to the difficulties of managing a fragmenting leadership team, but others believed the change was inevitable as customer service levels and customer perception declined. In the quarter that included June 2018, IndiGo reported its largest drop in profit ever (97%) and the stock tanked. . . .","PeriodicalId":340851,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Other Transportation","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117200474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}