Journal of Engineering Research and Reports最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of the Spatial Distribution of Water Quality for Surface and Groundwater at Bonny Island, Nigeria","authors":"Ejike Okoli, I. Nwaogazie, Ejikeme Ugwoha","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i61161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i61161","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to assess the spatial distribution of water quality for surface and ground water at Bonny Island in Rivers State, Nigeria. Surface and Groundwater samples were collected from 9 sampling locations and analyzed for physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and petroleum hydrocarbons. The contaminants in the surface and groundwater were measured using a variety of methods. Heavy metals in the water were measured using gas chromatography, PAHs were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (ASS) while THC were measured using HACH DR/890 colorimeter. The water quality index (WQI) was calculated using the Weighted Arithmetic Index Method while Principal Component Analysis was used to understand the distribution of the physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and petroleum hydrocarbons. The results showed that the WQI for both surface and groundwater samples ranged from 55.22 – 125.39, indicating poor to unfit water quality for consumption. In contrast, a control location away from the industrial activities had good water quality with WQI between 35.19 and 45.77. Principal component analysis revealed that the surface water in the industrial area were contaminated with lead, Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAHs), Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon which indicate oil and gas activities. High chloride, nitrate and sulphate levels were also observed in surface water close to the NLNG plant. Limiting further contamination of the surface and groundwater can be achieved by constant effluent and plume stack monitoring by regulatory agencies. Industrial stakeholder should set up subsidized clinics to provide treatment for any gastrointestinal illnesses or renal damage suffered by residents.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"44 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141014002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, and Cloud Infrastructures: Policy Recommendations for Enhancing Women's Participation in the Tech-Driven Economy","authors":"Favour Amarachi Ezeugwa, O. O. Olaniyi, Jennifer Chinelo Ugonnia, Abayomi Shamsudeen Arigbabu, Princess Chimmy Joeaneke","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i61158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i61158","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the underrepresentation of women in Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data, and Cloud Infrastructures, exploring the barriers and challenges they face and assessing the effectiveness of current policies and initiatives to promote gender diversity within the tech industry. Employing quantitative research methods, the study used a survey distributed to 572 female professionals in tech-related roles across various industries, achieving a 67.9% response rate. Multiple regression analysis was utilized to test four main hypotheses concerning barriers to entry and advancement, the inclusivity of educational programs, the impact of diverse teams on innovation and performance, and the effectiveness of gender-inclusive policies. Key findings indicate that the type of organization and specific tech sectors significantly influence the barriers experienced by women. Notably, gender diversity within teams correlates strongly with improved innovation and performance. However, educational and training programs often fail to be sufficiently inclusive, underscoring the need for programs better tailored to women's needs in tech fields. Moreover, the study confirms that implementing gender-inclusive policies substantially increases women's participation in tech roles, especially when these policies are applied long-term. Based on the findings, recommendations are made for adopting comprehensive, inclusive practices at organizational and educational levels, promoting diversity in team composition and leadership, committing long-term to effective policy implementation, and developing supportive networks through mentorship and sponsorship programs. These measures are aimed at reducing gender disparities and enhancing the integration of women into the high-tech economy. The study underscores the critical role that strategic policy-making and organizational change play in fostering an inclusive tech environment that not only addresses gender disparities but also enhances overall industry innovation and performance.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"25 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141019930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing and Assessing Performance of a Laboratory-Scale Fluidized Bed Dryer","authors":"Iniubong James Uwa, I. Oboh","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i61159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i61159","url":null,"abstract":"A laboratory-scale batch fluidized bed dryer with 75 mm bed diameter was designed, fabricated and evaluated to study the hydrodynamics of river sand as well as the drying of cassava mash and bitter kola particulates. The hydrodynamics properties such as minimum fluidization velocity, effect of bed height and pressure drop across the bed, effect of particle size  and density on minimum fluidization velocity and stability of the bed column of river sand were studied. Drying of cassava mash to edible garri was carried out at in fluidized bed dryer  at controlled temperatures. Drying characteristics of the laboratory fluidized bed dryer was compared with the laboratory WiseVen oven (model number: WOF - 105) using bitter kola particulate material sample. The experimental results from laboratory-scale fluidized bed dryer showed that the minimum fluidization velocity increases as material density increases and the value of the minimum fluidization velocity obtained from the fluidized bed gave good agreement with other empirical correlation such as Kozeny-Carman Equation. The fluidized bed dryer showed high rates of moisture removal over the conventional oven with the ratio of 1:29 under the same operating conditions. Drying of cassava mash to edible garri was achieved at lower drying temperatures of 83 oC (pm) 3 oC at 55 minutes when compared to conventional frying temperatures of cassava mash to edible at 180 – 200 oC thereby saving energy cost. Hence, this fluidized bed dryer is recommended for use in demonstrating hydrodynamics and drying of particulate materials in the laboratory.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"69 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141017704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on Underwater Image Enhancement Algorithm","authors":"Wenfang Jian","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41117","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, with the continuous expansion of human activity areas, the Marine pollution caused by human activities has become increasingly serious, and the large influx of agricultural emissions and household garbage needs to rely on underwater equipment to clean up. However, to identify garbage from the complex underwater environment, it is necessary to study the underwater image enhancement algorithm. Therefore, this paper takes underwater plastic floaters as the research object, starts with the optical imaging model of underwater images, analyzes the process and mechanism of underwater optical imaging, and its impact on image quality, so as to better understand the causes of image degradation. Based on white balance algorithm, histogram equalization algorithm, bilateral filter algorithm and gamma correction method, the underwater image recognition image is improved. The principle of these methods to enhance underwater image is analyzed and applied to further improve the effect of underwater image enhancement.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":" 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140210395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Fault Resistance on Distance Relaying of Ahoada-Yenagoa Transmission Line Using Neplan","authors":"Priye Kenneth Ainah, Sunday Ugemuge","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41115","url":null,"abstract":"Relay protection schemes play a vital part in guaranteeing reliability and integrity of electrical power networks by promptly detecting and isolating faults in the transmission network. Fault resistance encountered during a fault event, is a crucial parameter that significantly influences the effectiveness of relay protection systems. This paper investigates the performance of a distance relying system under different fault resistance using NEPLAN software environment on a 46-km Ahoada to Yenagoa transmission line. The performance of the distance protection relaying system under single line to ground (SLG) at 80% of the transmission line with fault resistances of 0.65Ω and 2.9Ω was modeled and analyzed using NEPLAN. From our investigation, the result reveal that when a fault resistance of 0.65 Ω and 2.9 Ω was introduced in the system during a SLG at 80% of the line (zone 1), the apparent impedance seen by the relay increased from 5.475 Ω without fault resistance to 5.602Ω and 6.407 Ω respectively. The results show that for a fault resistance of 0.65 Ω, the apparent impedances (ZAPP) trajectory falls inside the impedance characteristic of zone 2 instead of zone 1 while a fault resistance of 2.9 Ω fall outside zone 2. The findings highlight the significance of fault resistance in transmission line relaying for distance protection.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"4 s6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140222794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of the Current Research Status of Concrete-Filled Steel Tube","authors":"Yang Hao","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41116","url":null,"abstract":"Steel tube concrete refers to a composite structure formed by filling concrete in a steel tube, and the steel tube and its core concrete can jointly bear external loads. The seismic performance of composite structures largely depends on the strength and ductility of the columns. In the structure, columns are the main vertical load-bearing components due to their high strength and good ductility. However, under seismic action, steel tube concrete columns may experience end steel tube wall buckling, and the concrete inside the pipes may be crushed and lose its load-bearing capacity, causing the overall structure to collapse. In order to better utilize the performance of steel tube concrete, this study analyzes the research of scholars and explores the axial compression performance, failure modes, and local buckling effects of different types of concrete filled in steel tubes on the structural performance of steel tube concrete. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the axial compression performance of steel-concrete columns and explore reasonable design methods to delay the local buckling of steel pipes, and accurately evaluate the seismic performance of steel-concrete columns under large earthquake responses.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140222274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on Water Permeability Testing and Sealing Techniques in Concrete Construction","authors":"Yuying Zhang","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41114","url":null,"abstract":"The durability of concrete is determined by the permeability resistance to a large extent. The permeability resistance of concrete is an important index of concrete durability. This paper introduces the water permeability test process of concrete in China, Europe and the United States, and explains the sealing method of specimens in the water permeability test of concrete according to the Chinese standard, so that the construction inspection industry personnel can choose according to the actual situation of the project and the evaluation needs.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140220765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Development of an Android-based Remote Cardiac Monitoring Device for Continuous Real-time ECG Signal Acquisition, Transmission, and Analysis","authors":"Olawuni Adeolu, Babalola Abayomi","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41112","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating innovative solutions for early detection and continuous monitoring. This research aims to develop an Android-based remote cardiac monitoring device for real-time electrocardiogram (ECG) signal acquisition, transmission, and analysis. The system comprises hardware for acquiring ECG signals, algorithms for processing and machine learning models for anomaly classification. The hardware unit captures ECG data using electrodes and sensors. The signals are filtered, processed, and transmitted to the cloud infrastructure enabling real-time monitoring and analysis. Machine learning models including support vector machines, ensemble methods and Artificial neural networks are trained on ECG datasets to classify signals and detect cardiac abnormalities. Comprehensive testing validates the system's capabilities in real-time signal acquisition, processing, anomaly detection and data transmission. The integration of hardware, algorithms and machine learning enables round-the-clock monitoring of cardiac activity, facilitating prompt interventions and improved patient outcomes. This affordable and user-friendly system demonstrates potential for enhanced accessibility and effectiveness of preventive cardiac care.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140234070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PCCP Mortar Protection Layer Research Progress","authors":"Junyu Huang","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41113","url":null,"abstract":"Prestressed steel cylinder concrete pipe (PCCP) has the characteristics of high strength, excellent impermeability, strong sealing and easy installation, and has become an irreplaceable first choice pipe in China's long-distance water diversion project. However, in the process of using PCCP, there will be pipe bursts and other phenomena, most of which are caused by the broken wire of the prestressed steel wire, and the most important function of the protective layer of PCCP mortar is to protect the prestressed steel wire. In this paper, the research progress of PCCP by scholars at home and abroad is reviewed from five aspects: PCCP working environment, mortar mechanical properties, mortar durability, mortar thickness and mortar curing. as well as testing the durability of the mortar through different solution environments; The research prospect of the production of PCCP mortar protective layer, the detection of PCCP mortar protective layer, and the monitoring of PCCP mortar protective layer were carried out, which provided reference enlightenment for the development of PCCP mortar protective layer.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"297 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140233206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Research on Recycled Aggregate Concrete Filled Steel Tube","authors":"Xu Guo","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2024/v26i41111","url":null,"abstract":"Recycled aggregate concrete filled steel tube as a new combined structural form, can effectively improve the inherent defects of recycled aggregate concrete. Existing studies are mainly theoretical analysis, experimental research and numerical simulation to investigate the mechanical properties and deformation capacity of recycled aggregate concrete filled steel tube columns. Based on the review of the current research status of recycled aggregate concrete filled steel tube columns in recent years, the basic mechanical properties, durability, seismic performance, fire and high temperature resistance of recycled aggregate concrete filled steel tube are described, and suggestions are made for future research directions.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"42 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}