Pollution eJournal最新文献_第3页

Black Carbon and Other Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCPs): How SLCPs are Altering Our Understanding of the Global Climate System - And How This Will Require the Abandonment of the Standard Climate Metric CO2e 黑碳和其他短期气候污染物(SLCPs): SLCPs如何改变我们对全球气候系统的理解-以及这将如何要求放弃标准气候度量co2 2e

Pollution eJournal Pub Date : 2018-06-25 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3202394

R. Nelson, Patrick O’Rourke

{"title":"Black Carbon and Other Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCPs): How SLCPs are Altering Our Understanding of the Global Climate System - And How This Will Require the Abandonment of the Standard Climate Metric CO2e","authors":"R. Nelson, Patrick O’Rourke","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3202394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3202394","url":null,"abstract":"Since the Kyoto Protocol, black carbon and other non-gaseous short lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) have played little role in global climate policy making. Over the past ten years, however, there has been an increasing recognition in the climate science literature of their importance for the global climate. Nevertheless, international climate policy making in practice continues to ignore the critical scientific and policy importance of the short lifetimes of these climate pollutants. This includes not only the physical particles but also the gas methane which - with its atmospheric lifetime of 12 years - is also a SLCP. The eventual necessary inclusion of SLCPs will require some major changes in the architecture of global climate policy making. The recent scientific literature, for example, concludes that the standard climate metric of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) cannot validly be calculated for SLCPs (including methane). If the incorporation of SLCPs therefore means that there can be no valid CO2e for key climate pollutants, this will require some basic changes in the methods of formulating and implementing global climate policy.","PeriodicalId":340493,"journal":{"name":"Pollution eJournal","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116520499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Anthropogenic Intervention on the Walauwewaththa Wathurana Fresh Water Swamp Forest in Sri Lanka 人为干预对斯里兰卡Walauwewaththa Wathurana淡水沼泽森林的影响

Pollution eJournal Pub Date : 2018-06-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3450030

S. Siriwardana, P. Sangasumana

{"title":"The Impact of Anthropogenic Intervention on the Walauwewaththa Wathurana Fresh Water Swamp Forest in Sri Lanka","authors":"S. Siriwardana, P. Sangasumana","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3450030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3450030","url":null,"abstract":"Swamp forests are considered as the late succession stage of a freshwater marsh ecosystem and it is the rarest wetland type in Sri Lanka, rich in biodiversity thus providing a number of ecosystem services. The Walauwewatta Wathurana has been identified as the most dynamic fresh water ecosystem in Sri Lanka. These rare forest ecosystems have been subjected to degradation over the past decades due to various reasons especially anthropogenic activities. A study was conducted to explore the magnitude of these impacts caused by anthropogenic activities. A household survey was conducted using a structured questioner and Participatory Rural Appraisals (PRA) and discussions were made to gather information from the people living close by the swamp. Data analysis based on both quantitative and qualitative techniques. It was revealed that, a large number of activities carried out in the surrounding area of the forest by the neighboring communities directly or indirectly were related to their livelihoods as well as for their daily household needs. The richness of the species and the abundance have decreased over the past two decades due to the unsustainable fishing activities, contamination of agro-chemicals as well as chemical effluents of rubber based industries, sand mining, bamboo and rattan industries located around the forest area. Therefore the Wathurana fresh water swamp forest has been subjected to degradation due to anthropogenic activities. Conservation strategies should be implemented to strengthen the sustainability of the ecosystem services provided by this freshwater swamp forest. KEYWORDS: Anthropogenic Activities, Degradation, Ecosystem, Fresh Water Swamp Forest, Impact","PeriodicalId":340493,"journal":{"name":"Pollution eJournal","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131140907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Genetic Engineered Ideonella Sakaiensis Bacteria: A Solution of the Legendary Plastic Waste Problem 基因工程酒井Ideonella Sakaiensis细菌:解决传说中的塑料垃圾问题

Pollution eJournal Pub Date : 2018-05-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3194556

Galuh Widyastuti

{"title":"Genetic Engineered Ideonella Sakaiensis Bacteria: A Solution of the Legendary Plastic Waste Problem","authors":"Galuh Widyastuti","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3194556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3194556","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic waste has been known as the most unsolved environmental problem in this world. Instead of what have been expected, the amount of plastic waste is increasing significantly in years. Nowadays, 6.3 billion metric tons of plastic waste is produced and if present trends continue, there will be 12 billion metric tons of plastic in landfills by 2050. Due to the fact, an effective and environmental friendly solution is urgently needed. The ability of Ideonella sakaiensis bacteria to consume polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the main material of plastic, in only 6 weeks becomes a great potential to solve this problem. These bacteria need to consume PET for their metabolism and they can produce safety secretes from it as well. Nevertheless, the habitat of these bacteria is very limited. With technology of genetic engineering, the genes of Ideonella sakaiensis can be modified with Azotobacter sp.’s genes that make them survive in areas that usually have much plastic waste, such as soil and water. This combination is expected to optimize the ability of Ideonella sakaiensis as it breaks down the limitation of where the bacteria can survive. As a result, the problem of plastic waste can be solved effectively without damaging the environment and automatically form a sustainability in nature and life.","PeriodicalId":340493,"journal":{"name":"Pollution eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130552718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Causal Paths and Exogeneity Tests in Generalcorr Package for Air Pollution and Monetary Policy 空气污染与货币政策的因果路径与外生性检验

Pollution eJournal Pub Date : 2017-06-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2982128

H. Vinod

引用次数: 4

Optimal Growth with Resource Exhaustibility and Pollution Externality 资源枯竭和污染外部性条件下的最优增长

Pollution eJournal Pub Date : 2017-03-31 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2943858

W. Jin, A. Woodland

引用次数: 0

Smog in Our Brains: Gender Differences in the Impact of Exposure to Air Pollution on Cognitive Performance in China 我们大脑中的雾霾:中国空气污染暴露对认知表现影响的性别差异

Pollution eJournal Pub Date : 2017-03-11 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2940618

Xi Chen, X. Zhang, Xin Zhang

引用次数: 34

Petchey's (2015) Extension of Oates & Schwab's (1988) Efficiency Result Revisited Petchey(2015)对Oates & Schwab(1988)效率结果的延伸

Pollution eJournal Pub Date : 2017-02-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2921077

T. Eichner, R. Pethig

引用次数: 0

Whistleblowing, the War on Science, and the Impending Trump Administration: Methods of Assault and Defense in an Accelerating Conflict 揭秘、科学之战和即将到来的特朗普政府:加速冲突中的攻击和防御方法

Pollution eJournal Pub Date : 2017-01-21 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2903997

G. Rainey, Jane G. Rainey

引用次数: 1

The Effectiveness of Incomplete and Overlapping Pollution Regulation: Evidence from Bans on Phosphate in Automatic Dishwasher Detergent 不完整和重叠污染管制的有效性:来自禁止在自动洗碗机洗涤剂中使用磷酸盐的证据

Pollution eJournal Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2905906

A. Cohen, David A Keiser

引用次数: 24

Batteries in Offshore Support Vessels - Pollution, Climate Impact and Economics 近海支援船的电池-污染，气候影响和经济

Pollution eJournal Pub Date : 2016-12-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2882009

H. Lindstad, G. Eskeland, A. Rialland

{"title":"Batteries in Offshore Support Vessels - Pollution, Climate Impact and Economics","authors":"H. Lindstad, G. Eskeland, A. Rialland","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2882009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2882009","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the pros and the cons of installing batteries on offshore support vessels. These vessels are specially designed to provide services to oil and gas operations, such as anchor handling, supply and subsea operations. They have multiple engines and advanced dynamic positioning systems to ensure that they can perform their duties with high reliability at nearly any sea state. Combined with high safety requirements, this has resulted in general operational patterns with vessels running multiple combustion engines even at calm water conditions. For emissions, low engine loads yield high emissions of exhaust gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and aerosols such as black carbon (BC), due to less favorable combustion conditions. The high span for these vessels between low loads and high, and their great need for potential power at short notice, motivate our examination of hybrid setups with electric: the vessel segment should be more favorable than many. We find that combining batteries with combustion engines reduces local pollution and climate impact, while the economics with current battery cost and fuel prices is good enough for new vessels, but not good enough for retrofits.","PeriodicalId":340493,"journal":{"name":"Pollution eJournal","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123635184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 34