African Journal of Psychological Assessment最新文献_第6页

Establishing the content validity of an online depression screening tool for South Africa 建立南非在线抑郁症筛查工具的内容效度

African Journal of Psychological Assessment Pub Date : 2021-10-26 DOI: 10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.62

Tasneem Hassem

{"title":"Establishing the content validity of an online depression screening tool for South Africa","authors":"Tasneem Hassem","doi":"10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.62","url":null,"abstract":"Depression is a global concern as with an estimated 300 million individuals worldwide experiencing depression. In South Africa, the prevalence rate of depression is estimated at 9.7% of the population. With the increase in mobile internet usage in South Africa, an online depression screening tool could provide opportunities for the screening of depression symptoms aiding access to mental health interventions. This project identified an open access tool for screening depression, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD-R), and adapted it for online use by the adult South African population. This study followed on from the adaptation phase on the CESD-R and aimed to determine the content validity of the adapted CESD-R for online use in South Africa using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology. The study followed a two-phased design. Study one utilised a qualitative approach, where 50 experts commented on the content validity of the tool. The results were used to further adapt the tool which resulted in a 20-item depression screening tool. Study two followed a quantitative design in order to establish the content validity in terms of determining the Content Validity Ratios, Item-Content Validity Index as well as the Kappa Statistic of the 20 items. Based on these statistics, 19 of the 20 items were retained. Overall, the adapted online depression screening tool displays good content validity and holds potential as a screening tool where access to mental health may be limited.","PeriodicalId":34043,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84358953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Measures of executive functions predicting Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder core symptoms 执行功能预测注意力缺陷/多动障碍核心症状的方法

African Journal of Psychological Assessment Pub Date : 2021-10-22 DOI: 10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.48

Tshikani T. Boshomane, B. Pillay, A. Meyer

{"title":"Measures of executive functions predicting Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder core symptoms","authors":"Tshikani T. Boshomane, B. Pillay, A. Meyer","doi":"10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.48","url":null,"abstract":"Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood disorder, and in many children, ADHD is thought to be aggravated by a deficit in executive functions (EFs). This study tried to establish whether commonly used neuropsychological tests of EF also predicted the core symptoms of ADHD, namely hyperactivity/impulsiveness (H/I) and inattention, as well as total ADHD symptomatology, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). The participants were children from the Limpopo province, South Africa, aged from 6 to 15 years (M = 11.7 years; SD = 1.7). One hundred and fifty-six children (51.3% girls) were assessed by neuropsychological tests of EFs: the Tower of London (ToL), Digits Forward and Digits Backward, Trails-A and Trails-B and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Forward stepwise regression analysis was employed to predict H/I and inattention, as well as total ADHD symptomatology, based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. All the tests, except Trails-A, were found to predict ADHD symptomatology. The WCST (total errors) was the best predictor of all the ADHD symptoms and also for H/I and inattention separately, followed by Trails-B and Digits Backwards, which were found to predict more symptoms of inattention than H/I. Perseverative errors on the WCST predicted more H/I symptomatology, whilst non-perseverating errors were more associated with inattention. The ToL and Digits Forward predicted fewer ADHD symptoms. The ToL seemed more sensitive to inattention, whilst Digits Forward showed a stronger association with H/I. The WCST, Digits Backwards and Trails-B may be used to measure EF to support the diagnosis of ADHD in a clinical setting and to indicate cognitive impairment.","PeriodicalId":34043,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84486900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The development and validation of a graduate leader competency questionnaire: Arguing the need for a graduate leader performance measure 研究生领导能力问卷的开发与验证:论证研究生领导绩效评估的必要性

African Journal of Psychological Assessment Pub Date : 2021-09-17 DOI: 10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.61

Jacques S. Pienaar, C. C. Theron

引用次数: 0

Psychological assessment during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19大流行期间和之后的心理评估。

African Journal of Psychological Assessment Pub Date : 2021-09-02 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.74

Justin O August, Solomon Mashegoane

引用次数: 0

Assessing psychological well-being measures among South African adults in the birth to twenty plus cohort 在南非出生至20岁以上的成年人群体中评估心理健康措施

African Journal of Psychological Assessment Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.44

F. Mpondo, Charlotte Wray, S. Norris, Aryeh D. Stein, A. Stein, L. Richter

{"title":"Assessing psychological well-being measures among South African adults in the birth to twenty plus cohort","authors":"F. Mpondo, Charlotte Wray, S. Norris, Aryeh D. Stein, A. Stein, L. Richter","doi":"10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.44","url":null,"abstract":"Mental health and substance use disorders account for a significant proportion of disability worldwide. In many developing countries like South Africa, mental healthcare services are often inadequate, forcing people to find their own way of coping with distress and give meaning to their experiences. Therefore, this situation necessitates the conceptualisation and characterisation of the quality-of-life indicators, as well as psychosocial strategies to promote mental well-being. The objectives of this study were to assess the psychometric properties of psychological well-being (PWB) measures in the context of urban Soweto. Data were collected from participants in the Birth to Twenty Plus cohort ( n = 1327), in 2018–2019. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses conducted for measures of hope, faith, social support, general self-efficacy, and life satisfaction were taken from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox Emotion Battery. Cronbach’s alpha was used to determine internal consistencies; discriminant validity was assessed using Pearson correlations. Test-retest reliability analysis was conducted on a subset of participants at three time points which were at least 2 months apart. Overall, the measures of PWB were characterised as having unidimensional factor structures, good model fit indices, high internal consistency and reliability to the paragraph. This study demonstrated that the PWB measures evaluated here are psychometrically sound, and suitable to be used in the South African context.","PeriodicalId":34043,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81609272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The efficacy of the Senior South African Individual Scale Revised in distinguishing between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, normal and sluggish cognitive tempo children 修订的南非高级个体量表在区分注意缺陷多动障碍、正常和迟缓认知节奏儿童中的效果

African Journal of Psychological Assessment Pub Date : 2021-07-29 DOI: 10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.45

L. Gafoor, Alban Burke, Jean V Fourie

{"title":"The efficacy of the Senior South African Individual Scale Revised in distinguishing between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, normal and sluggish cognitive tempo children","authors":"L. Gafoor, Alban Burke, Jean V Fourie","doi":"10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.45","url":null,"abstract":"The primary objective of this study was to determine whether attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) and a non-clinical (NC) group of learners perform differently on the Senior South African Individual Scale Revised (SSAIS-R). The rationale for this study is based on literature that argues for SCT to be considered as a separate and unique disorder to ADHD. The SSAIS-R results of 618 (7–17 years of age) children were analysed for the purposes of this study. The total sample consisted of three groups, that is, ADHD ( n = 106), NC ( n = 427) and SCT ( n = 85). Between-group t -tests were performed to test for significant differences between the three groups with regard to the different SSAIS-R subtests. The results indicated significant differences between NC and ADHD, NC and SCT but not between ADHD and SCT. These results suggest that if SCT is considered to be a separate disorder from ADHD, then this is not evident in terms of the performance on the SSAIS-R. It is recommended that other cognitive and neuropsychological assessments be included in future research to ascertain whether SCT, if it exists, affects performance differently to ADHD.","PeriodicalId":34043,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81587246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychometric properties of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale amongst black South African university students. 南非黑人大学生对COVID-19恐惧量表的心理测量特性

African Journal of Psychological Assessment Pub Date : 2021-07-23 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.57

Malose Makhubela, Solomon Mashegoane

引用次数: 0

Measuring social well-being in Africa: An exploratory structural equation modelling study 衡量非洲社会福祉:一项探索性结构方程模型研究

African Journal of Psychological Assessment Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.37

I. Khumalo, U. Ejoke, K. O. Asante, Janvier Rugira

引用次数: 1

Usefulness of the English version of the Stress Overload Scale in a sample of employed South Africans 压力超载量表英文版在南非雇员样本中的有效性

African Journal of Psychological Assessment Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.41

C. Wijk

{"title":"Usefulness of the English version of the Stress Overload Scale in a sample of employed South Africans","authors":"C. Wijk","doi":"10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.41","url":null,"abstract":"Amidst reports of high levels of stress in South Africa, it remained difficult to quantify psychological stress in the absence of locally validated measures. This study explored the English version of the Stress Overload Scale (SOS) in a South African sample. The first aim was to replicate the basic psychometric analysis of the original English version used in American samples, as well as the Setswana version used in a South African rural community setting. The second aim was to investigate criterion validity to determine its appropriateness for use in South Africa. A total of 2136 employed South Africans with at least 9 years of schooling participated in this study. Participants completed a range of mental health and well-being measures, both clinical and dispositional. Responses were analysed to examine both scale characteristics and validity indices related to the SOS. Little sociodemographic influence (age, gender and first language) was found, with analyses supporting validity across most indices. Furthermore, good predictive ability for mental (ill-) health was observed. This study, for the most part, replicated previous validation findings of the SOS. Validity was further confirmed by correlating the scale with measures of clinical mental health and dispositional well-being. Given the positive support to its validity, when used amongst employed South Africans with at least 9 years of education, the scale holds promise for application in local health-related research, for triage in primary healthcare contexts and for measuring outcomes of mental health interventions in therapeutic settings.","PeriodicalId":34043,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89591206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Validation of the emotional social screening tool for school readiness 对入学准备的情感社会筛选工具的验证

African Journal of Psychological Assessment Pub Date : 2021-06-21 DOI: 10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.42

E. Munnik, Emma Wagener, Mario R. Smith

{"title":"Validation of the emotional social screening tool for school readiness","authors":"E. Munnik, Emma Wagener, Mario R. Smith","doi":"10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/ajopa.v3i0.42","url":null,"abstract":"The need for contextually appropriate and accessible school readiness assessment instruments in South Africa is well documented. The Emotional Social Screening tool for School Readiness (E3SR) screens for emotional and social competencies as a component of school readiness. This competency-based screening instrument was developed as a nine-factor model consisting of 54 items. This research study reports on the psychometric properties and factor structure of the E3SR by exploratory factor analysis. Ten preschool centres registered under the Social Welfare Act in the Cape Town Metropolitan region situated in the high-, middle- and low-socio-economic status (SES) areas constituted the research setting. A pilot study using a survey design was conducted. The E3SR protocols were completed by teachers on Grade R children during the fourth term of the academic year. The data set of 330 protocols satisfied the assumptions for inferential statistics, except for normal distribution. Normality was violated statistically; however, given the time frame, learners were expected to have mastered the competencies measured. Therefore, the violation of normal distribution was supported theoretically. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a six-factor structure, including Emotional maturity, Emotional management, Sense of self, Social skills, Readiness to learn and Communication. All the extracted factors displayed an adequate internal consistency, with a good reliability (α = 0.97). The E3SR can be shortened from 56 to 36 items without losing any important content. The E3SR can supplement formative assessments and enhance communication between role players to build children’s emotional and social competencies.","PeriodicalId":34043,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Psychological Assessment","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79885381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0