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Evaluating performance of Hydrus-1D model in simulating evaporation from soil surface for different wetting intervals 评价Hydrus-1D模型在不同湿润间隔下模拟土壤表面蒸发的性能
AL Rafdain Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2015-04-28 DOI: 10.33899/rengj.2015.101073
M. M. Abid, Eftikhar A. Alani, Entesar M.Ghazal
{"title":"Evaluating performance of Hydrus-1D model in simulating evaporation from soil surface for different wetting intervals","authors":"M. M. Abid, Eftikhar A. Alani, Entesar M.Ghazal","doi":"10.33899/rengj.2015.101073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2015.101073","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Hydrus-1D model was used to simulate the evaporation from the soil surface for different wetting intervals for northern region(sandy loam and clay loam) using input for climatic data , and data of class A pan evaporation. The results showed that data of pan evaporation class A can be relied on in simulating and calculation of evaporation from the soil surface, where the standards of statistics (IOA, R) calculated on the basis of evaporation pan class A data are better for the wetting intervals (2, 4, 8, 16 ) days compared with the values of those standards based on full climate data and both types of soil. The study also showed that the wetting intervals and their impact on evaporation from the soil surface and evaporation stages reasonably agree with the results of field experiments that have been made in this area.","PeriodicalId":339890,"journal":{"name":"AL Rafdain Engineering Journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131582251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effect of Mold Rotational Speed on Mechanical Properties of Functionally Graded Polymeric Matrix Composites 模具转速对功能梯度聚合物基复合材料力学性能的影响
AL Rafdain Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2015-04-28 DOI: 10.33899/rengj.2015.101070
A. A. Abdullah, A. Khidhir
{"title":"The Effect of Mold Rotational Speed on Mechanical Properties of Functionally Graded Polymeric Matrix Composites","authors":"A. A. Abdullah, A. Khidhir","doi":"10.33899/rengj.2015.101070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2015.101070","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, a functionally graded polymeric matrix composites (FGPMCs) were produced using centrifugal casting method. These composites were fabricated from unsaturated polyester resin as a matrix and reinforced with silicon carbide particles (SiCp) of (106μm) and (6%)bulk volume fraction, using different mold rotational speeds(400,500,600 R.P.M) at room temperature (22Co). Additional (3) samples of pure polyester were manufactured at the same conditions for comparison purpose . The aim of the present research was to study the effect of mold rotational speed on local values of volume fraction, hardness and Young modulus at specific points along the graded samples. Hardness was measured at these points then graded samples were cut to eight portions . Density and volume fraction were evaluated, then standard homogenous samples of constant but different volume fraction were manufactured. Results shows that local values of volume fraction, hardness and Young Modulus decreased in nearby positions of the center of rotation and increased in positions far away from the center of rotation with increasing mold rotational speed.","PeriodicalId":339890,"journal":{"name":"AL Rafdain Engineering Journal","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129641589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanical Properties of Wood Shavings-Cement Lightweight Composites 木屑-水泥轻质复合材料的力学性能
AL Rafdain Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2015-04-28 DOI: 10.33899/RENGJ.2015.101083
Emdad K. Zeynal, Moayad M.Kasim
{"title":"Mechanical Properties of Wood Shavings-Cement Lightweight Composites","authors":"Emdad K. Zeynal, Moayad M.Kasim","doi":"10.33899/RENGJ.2015.101083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/RENGJ.2015.101083","url":null,"abstract":"The use of wood shavings, as a recycled waste product from the wood furniture industries is an interesting technique to produce lightweight cement composites. This study aims at examining the mechanical properties of wood shavings-cement lightweight composites. First, the wood shavings were pre-treated with water or superplasticizer or Cement Based Bitumen Emulsion (CBBE). Then, the compressive strength and tensile strength of the wood-cement matrix were experimentally evaluated. Finally, it is shown that the addition of wood shavings to cement paste gives a composite with satisfactory mechanical strengths with respect to its weight and higher toughness in addition to environmental and economic benefits.","PeriodicalId":339890,"journal":{"name":"AL Rafdain Engineering Journal","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133241500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Experimental study of lightweight concrete used for the production of canoe 轻型混凝土用于独木舟生产的试验研究
AL Rafdain Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2015-04-28 DOI: 10.33899/rengj.2015.101085
Dr.Eethar Thanon Dawood
{"title":"Experimental study of lightweight concrete used for the production of canoe","authors":"Dr.Eethar Thanon Dawood","doi":"10.33899/rengj.2015.101085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2015.101085","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate the properties of lightweight concrete produced by the inclusions of polystyrene beads and perlite that can be used for production of Canoe. Different percentages of polystyrene (20, 35, 50 and 65%) were used. Besides, the 50% of polystyrene beds with different percentages of perlite (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60%) as partial replacement of sand were used. The fresh density, compressive strength, flexural strength and absorption capacity of the mixes were tested. The results show that the uses of 50% of polystyrene with 50% of perlite as partial replacement of sand exhibit suitable ranges of density, compressive and flexural strengths of lightweight concrete used for canoe production. Thus, the Canoe produced from these inclusions of polystyrene and perlite show a clear success in terms of floating.","PeriodicalId":339890,"journal":{"name":"AL Rafdain Engineering Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116433540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Study of the Ultrasonic Behavior in (α + β`) Brass Alloy (α + β’)黄铜合金的超声行为研究
AL Rafdain Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2015-04-28 DOI: 10.33899/rengj.2015.101080
M. Fathi
{"title":"Study of the Ultrasonic Behavior in (α + β`) Brass Alloy","authors":"M. Fathi","doi":"10.33899/rengj.2015.101080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2015.101080","url":null,"abstract":"Copper is one of the few metals with significant commercial uses. Although frequently used as a pure metal or with small amounts of metal additives, copper can form 82 binary alloys. Two of the most common are brass (copper-zinc) and bronze (copper-tin). This research work tries to study the ultrasonic behaviour in one of the important brass alloys represented by (α + β`) brass alloy. Specimens of (α + β`) brass were machined to cylindrical shape with different thicknesses in order to study the effect of the sound scanning distance on the acoustic attenuation of the ultrasonic waves. The results indicate that it is plausible to inspect (α + β`) brass using both 2MHz and 4MHz frequencies, and that the acoustic attenuation of ultrasonic waves has increased when 4MHz probe was used. In addition, the results illustrate that the acoustic attenuation increases as the sound path distance increases. (α + β`) صارب ةكیبس يف ةیتوصلا قوف تاجوملا كولس ةسارد يحتف دبع نلاعش دمحم ةسدنھلا ةیلك – لصوملا ةعماج ةصلاخلا ةرثكب ھمادختسإ نم مغرلابو ،عساو يراجت قاطن ىلع ساحنلا مدختسی لاا ةیندعملا تافاضلاا ضعب عم وا يقن ندعمك لكشی ساحنلا نأ 82 ساحن ) صاربلا امھ َاعویش كئابسلا رثكأ نم نانثأ .ةیئانث ةكیبس ساحن) زنوربلاو (كنز صارب ةكیبس يف ةینقتلا لماوعلا ضعب للاخ نم ةیتوصلا قوف تاجوملا كولس ةسارد يثحیلا لمعلا اذھ لواحی .(ریدصق ) α + β (` . صاربلا ةكیبس نم جذامن لیغشت مت (α + β`) قوف تاجوملا تاسجم عم مئلاتی امب كمسلا ةفلتخم ةیناوطسا لاكشأ ىلا .ةیتوصلا ةیطغاضتلا تاجوملا تاسجم تمدختساو (Compression waves probes) ) تاددرتب 2MHz and 4MHz .جذامنلا صحفل ( لوصحلا مت يتلا جئاتنلا ترھظأ صحفلا ضارغلا جذامنلا لخاد ةیتوصلا قوف تاجوملا ذافن ةیناكمأ ثحبلا اذھ يف اھیلع نیددرتلا لاك مادختساب يسدنھلا ) 2MHz and 4MHz ( مادختساب جذامنلا لخاد يتوصلا للاحمضلاا دایدزإ كلذكو ، ددرتلا وذ سجملا 4MHz فاسملا ةدایزب يتوصلا للاحمضلاا ةدایز جئاتنلا تنیب امك . نیددرتلا لاك مادختساب ةعوطقملا ة ) (2MHz,4MHz Received: 18 – 9 2013 Accepted: 21 – 4 2014 Al-Rafidain Engineering Vol.23 No. 2 April 2015","PeriodicalId":339890,"journal":{"name":"AL Rafdain Engineering Journal","volume":"376 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124701632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Laboratory Study of Flow Characteristics Over Piano Key Weir 钢琴键堰流动特性的实验室研究
AL Rafdain Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2015-04-28 DOI: 10.33899/rengj.2015.101072
B. Ali, H. Hayawi
{"title":"Laboratory Study of Flow Characteristics Over Piano Key Weir","authors":"B. Ali, H. Hayawi","doi":"10.33899/rengj.2015.101072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2015.101072","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this investigation is to obtain performance efficiency and the coefficient of discharge for Piano Key weir with downstream overhang. One hundred thirty five experiments were conducted on models of Piano key weirs. Three slope of the inlet key (Si = 0.7, 0.6, 0.46), three different ratios for the inlet key width to the out let key width (Wi/Wo= 1, 1.61, 1.81) and three heights (p = 30, 25, 20) cm for each weir were used. The results showed that the slope of the inlet key (0.7) gave a lower values of performance efficiency and a highest values of coefficient of discharge than (0.6, 0.46) keys while ratios of inlet key width to the out let key width (Wi/Wo = 1.81) gave a highest values of coefficient of discharge. An empirical relationship was found for estimate the coefficient of discharge and performance efficiency in relation to the non dimensionless variable.","PeriodicalId":339890,"journal":{"name":"AL Rafdain Engineering Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134087599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Laboratory Study For Estimating The Removing Sediment From Upstream Weirs Using Bottom Outlets 利用底排水口估算上游堰移沙量的实验室研究
AL Rafdain Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2015-02-28 DOI: 10.33899/rengj.2015.101028
Moayad S. Khaleel, Akram Mohammed
{"title":"Laboratory Study For Estimating The Removing Sediment From Upstream Weirs Using Bottom Outlets","authors":"Moayad S. Khaleel, Akram Mohammed","doi":"10.33899/rengj.2015.101028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2015.101028","url":null,"abstract":"اھنم فدھلا ةیربتخملا براجتلا نم ةلسلس ثحبلا اذھ يف تیرجُأ نم ةلازملا تایبوسرلا ةیمك باسح مدقم .دسلا مسج يف ةیلفس تاحتف دوجوب ةسطاغلا دودسلا ) لوطب ةیربتخم ةانق يف براجتلا تیرجُأ 24.6 م ( ضرعو ) 0.81 فیراصت ةتس رارمإ مت .(م عم تایبوسرلل زیكارت ثلاث مادختسا مت فیرصت لك سطاغلا دسلا مدقم اھتفاضا قیرط نع . تاحتفلا ةحاسم نیب ةیدرط ةقلاع كانھ نأ ةساردلا جئاتن ترھظأ ةلازملا تایبوسرلا ةیمكو ةیلفسلا نأو سدكتلا قمع ةیلفسلا تاحتفلا ددع ةدایز عم لقی سطاغلا دسلا عقوم نم ةبیرقلا ةقطنملا يف مك ةیمك نأ ظحول ا ةلازملا تایبوسرلا دورف مقر ةدایزب دادزت . دیدحت لماعمبو تاحتفلا ةحاسم ةللادب ةلازملا تایبوسرلا ةیمك باسحل ةیعضو ةلداعم ةغایص مت ) 0.895 ( ةلداعملا جئاتن نم دجو ثیح ةساقملا ةلازملا تایبوسرلا ةیمك نیب قرف لقأو ىلعأ میقل ةیوئملا ةبسنلا نأ بوسحملاو ) يھ ة 15.7 ، 0.2 يلاوتلا ىلع ( .","PeriodicalId":339890,"journal":{"name":"AL Rafdain Engineering Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129960475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Main Channel Roughness on The Branching Flow 主河道粗糙度对分支流动的影响
AL Rafdain Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2015-02-28 DOI: 10.33899/rengj.2015.101027
N. Alomari, Khalid Y. Taha, Moayed S. Khaleel
{"title":"Effect of Main Channel Roughness on The Branching Flow","authors":"N. Alomari, Khalid Y. Taha, Moayed S. Khaleel","doi":"10.33899/rengj.2015.101027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2015.101027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The work concerns a laboratory study to investigate the effect of changing the bed roughness of the main channel on the branching discharge and separation zone formed in the main channel as a result of discharging flow through a branch channel. The ratio of main channel roughness to the roughness of the branch channel bed has been changed between (1.7 – 3.9) for two branching angles (30 ̊ , 90 ̊ ) and for different values of main channel discharge ranged between (7 – 17) L/sec. Laboratory result shows that branching discharge ratio increases by the increasing the total discharge through the main channel at roughness ratio less than (2), where's the branching discharge decreases at roughness ratio greater than (2), and stay constant at roughness ratio about (2) for all discharge passing through the main channel. The result shows that the length of the separation zone decrease with the increasing in the roughness ratio and total discharge through the main channel. Keyword: Branching Channel, Bed Roughness, Branching Discharge, Separation Zone.","PeriodicalId":339890,"journal":{"name":"AL Rafdain Engineering Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129241832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
A preparation and Characterization of Functionally Graded Aluminum Alloy Based Composite Via Casting Route 铸造法制备功能梯度铝合金基复合材料及其性能
AL Rafdain Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2015-02-28 DOI: 10.33899/rengj.2015.101044
A. Hamid, M. Abdullah
{"title":"A preparation and Characterization of Functionally Graded Aluminum Alloy Based Composite Via Casting Route","authors":"A. Hamid, M. Abdullah","doi":"10.33899/rengj.2015.101044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2015.101044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":339890,"journal":{"name":"AL Rafdain Engineering Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125587322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Design and Simulation of Ultrasonic Metal Welding Horn 超声金属焊接喇叭的设计与仿真
AL Rafdain Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2015-02-28 DOI: 10.33899/rengj.2015.101045
Z. Al-Sarraf, M. Lucas
{"title":"Design and Simulation of Ultrasonic Metal Welding Horn","authors":"Z. Al-Sarraf, M. Lucas","doi":"10.33899/rengj.2015.101045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rengj.2015.101045","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasonic metal welding (USMW) has become an efficient technique covers a wide range of applications of metals. Because of recent light weight of the parts, an efficient technique like (USMW) has become more applicable, because it considers more accurate, more minimised welding method than before. Welding horn must be designed on satisfying many criteria: vibrate longitudinally at operating frequency, isolated the axial mode from other nearest vibration frequencies, uniformity of vibration amplitude at the working surface and high amplitude of the operating mode. This research presents an approach to the design and simulate of the horn configuration which satisfies these criteria. The simulation and vibration mode shape characterisation of the horn is discussed and the analysis is accomplished using FE-package (ABAQUS), whilst the vibration modes are classified using experimental data from 3D laser Doppler vibrometer measurements. Modal and harmonic analysis are completed successfully to examine the frequency for the welding tuned horn","PeriodicalId":339890,"journal":{"name":"AL Rafdain Engineering Journal","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116349696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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