B''lgarska kardiologiia最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and characteristics of coronary artery fistula in adults: coronary angiographic analysis of 18,106 patients.","authors":"Sebahat Tekeli Sengul, B. Karasu","doi":"10.18087/cardio.2022.5.n1901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2022.5.n1901","url":null,"abstract":"Aim    Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is a rarely encountered anomaly that is characterized by an abnormal connection between a coronary artery and a cardiac chamber or a great thoracic vessel. Its incidence has not been precisely established due to the large number of undiagnosed cases and it shows heterogeneity in its anatomic configuration and clinical consequences. We aimed to assess the frequency, imaging findings, and clinical features of CAF among patients in our tertiary medical center.Material and methods    The angiographic data of 18,106 consecutive adult patients who underwent coronary angiography between January 2011 and June 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.Results    CAF was detected in 22 patients (0.14 %). Of these, 5 patients had bilateral fistulas (23 %). 65 % of the fistulas originated from the left anterior descending coronary artery,and 53 % drained into the pulmonary artery. The left ventricle and left atrium were the only drainage sites for left-sided coronary artery fistulas. One patient with a CAF presented with non-ST elevated myocardial infarction in the absence of an evident thrombosis.Conclusion    Unlike previous reports, bilateral CAFs were more commonly encountered in this study. Contrary to most of the data in the literature, more than half of the CAFs originated from the left anterior descending coronary artery and most drained into the pulmonary artery. Rare anatomic types of CAFs were also detected.","PeriodicalId":33976,"journal":{"name":"B''lgarska kardiologiia","volume":"1 1","pages":"62-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89134653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Features of the course of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction in patients with a history of COVID-19].","authors":"M. Chashchin, A. Gorshkov, O. Drapkina, I. V. Kositsyna, A. Golubev, N. Chaus, S. Perekhodov","doi":"10.18087/cardio.2022.5.n2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2022.5.n2004","url":null,"abstract":"Aim      To study the clinical course of non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) in hospitalized patients after COVID-19 and to evaluate the effect of baseline characteristics of patients on the risk of complications.Material and methods  The study included 209 patients with NSTEMI; 104 of them had had COVID-19. The course of myocardial infarction (MI) was analyzed at the hospital stage, including evaluation of the incidence rate of complications (fatal outcome, recurrent MI, life-threatening arrhythmias and conduction disorders, pulmonary edema, cardiogenic shock, ischemic stroke, gastrointestinal bleeding).Results Mean age of patients after COVID-19 was 61.8±12.2 years vs. 69.0±13.0 in the comparison group (p<0.0001). The groups were comparable by risk factors, clinical data, and severity of coronary damage. Among those who have had СOVID-19, there were fewer patients of the GRACE high risk group (55.8 % vs. 74.3 %; p<0.05). Convalescent COVID-19 patients had higher levels of C-reactive protein and troponin I (p<0.05). The groups did not significantly differ in the incidence of unfavorable NSTEMI course (p>0.05). However, effects of individual factors (postinfarction cardiosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, decreased SpO2, red blood cell concentration, increased plasma glucose) on the risk of complications were significantly greater for patients after COVID-19 than for the control group (p<0.05).Conclusion      Patients with NSTEMI, despite differences in clinical history and laboratory data, are characterized by a similar risk of death at the hospital stage, regardless of the past COVID-19. Despite the absence of statistically significant differences in the incidence of in-hospital complications, in general, post-COVID-19 patients showed a higher risk of complicated course of NSTEMI compared to patients who had not have COVID-19. In addition, for this category of patients, new factors were identified that previously did not exert a clinically significant effect on the incidence of complications: female gender, concentration of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 ≥200.0 U/l, concentration of С-reactive protein ≥40.0 mg/l, total protein <65 g/l. These results can be used for additional stratification of risk for cardiovascular complications in patients with MI and also for development of individual protocols for evaluation and management of NSTEMI patients with a history of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":33976,"journal":{"name":"B''lgarska kardiologiia","volume":"78 1","pages":"18-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75675253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Thromboembolic mask of severe lymphocytic myopericarditis: possibilities of clinical and morphological diagnostics and complex treatment].","authors":"E. Pavlenko, O. Blagova, A. Sedov, A. Zaitsev, A. Kukleva, E. A. Kogan","doi":"10.18087/cardio.2022.5.n1430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2022.5.n1430","url":null,"abstract":"This report presents a clinical case of a 57-year-old female patient who was admitted for dyspnea, productive cough, reduced left ventricular (LV) systolic function, and who had previously undergone thoracocentesis for significant pleural effusion. This case is a unique combination of lymphocytic myocarditis and massive intracardiac and ileo-caval thrombosis. Morphological verification of the diagnosis, that was necessary prior to the administration of immunosuppressive therapy due to the prothrombogenic effect of glucocorticoids, provided a justification for a basis therapy for myocarditis, which significantly improved the patient's condition.","PeriodicalId":33976,"journal":{"name":"B''lgarska kardiologiia","volume":"18 1","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88481203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Applicability of the load dynamometric test and speckle tracking echocardiography in the heart failure with preserved ejection fraction diagnosis].","authors":"E. K. Serezhina, A. Obrezan","doi":"10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n1804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n1804","url":null,"abstract":"Aim    To compare myocardial deformation properties in patients with heart failure (HF) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) and in healthy volunteers at rest and during a dynamometric test; to determine a possibility of using this method for diagnosing HSpEF.Material and methods    STE with simultaneous electrocardiogram recording was performed for patients with HSpEF and healthy volunteers of the control group at rest and during a dynamometric test. The subjects were instructed to maintain a submaximal compression of a hand dynamometer for 3 min and to apply a maximum effort during the last 30 sec while continuing to breathe regularly. Concentrations of markers for myocardial injury and HF were measured. Statistical analytical methods are provided in Results. For other calculations, a MS Office (Microsoft Excel) application software package was used.Results    Differences in myocardial deformation variables between healthy volunteers and HF patients were more obvious during exercise, including changes of the variables from the resting values. As compared with the control group, patients with HFpEF had considerable deviations of the heart rate and the left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLSLV) (significance of differences calculated with ANOVA was higher than 95% and 80%; p<0.05 and p<0.2, respectively). Patients with a significant change in the strain, regardless of the direction of the change, showed a decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction (EFLV) during the test with a probability above 95% according to the Fischer test. Also, patients with HFpEF had higher concentrations of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and symptoms of HF. Compared to evaluation of overall GLSLV, calculation of deformation variables by segment detected more differences between patients with HFpEF and control subjects.Conclusion    STE with a dynamometric test is an effective, noninvasive method for diagnosing HFpEF that is easy to perform in the outpatient conditions.","PeriodicalId":33976,"journal":{"name":"B''lgarska kardiologiia","volume":"19 1","pages":"36-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84860292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiopulmonary exercise testing for treatment effect assessment in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients.","authors":"M. Simakova, I. Zlobina, A. Berezina, N. Marukyan, A. Osadchii, I. K. Zugurov, M. Gordeev, O. Moiseeva","doi":"10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n1611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n1611","url":null,"abstract":"Aim      To determine possibilities of the cardiopulmonary stress test (CPST) as an unbiassed, noninvasive method for evaluation of the effect of managing patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).Material and methods  This study included 37 patients with CTEPH, 24 men (mean age, 53±15 years) and 13 women (mean age, 58±8.5 years). The diagnosis was verified and theCoperability was assessed according to 2015 European Society of Cardiology Clinical Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension (PH). The surgical treatment was used in 65 % (n=24) of CTEPH patients: the group with pulmonary thromboendarterectomy constituted 35 % (n=13); the group with balloon pulmonary angioplasty 30% (n=11); and the conservative tactics was used in 27 % (n=10) of patients.Results Baseline CPST parameters significantly correlated with parameters of right heart catheterization (RHC): mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) significantly positively correlated with V´O2peak (r=0.640, p<0.05), V´O2 / heart rate (HR) (r=0.557; p<0.001), PETCO2 peak (r=0.598, p<0.05), and V´E / V´CO2 (r=0.587; p<0.001); cardiac output (CO) correlated with V´O2 / HR (r=0.555, p<0.001), PETCO2peak (r= -0.476; p<0.05 and r=0.555, p<0.001 for ´E / V´CO2). In repeated testing, the physical working capacity (V´O2peak) increased only in patients after the surgical treatment of CTEPH. Importantly in this process, significant correlations remained between a number of CPST and RHC parameters: SvO2 correlated with V´O2peak (r=0.743; p<0.05), V´O2 /HR (r=0.627; p<0.001), PETCO2peak (r=0.538; p<0.05), and V´E / V´CO2 (r=0.597; p<0.001); V´O2 / HR, PETCO2peak, and V´E / V´CO2 significantly correlated with CO (r=0.645, p<0.001; r= -0.516, p<0.001, and r=0.555, p<0.001, respectively.Conclusion      CPST can be used as a noninvasive instrument for evaluation of the effect of CTEPH treatment, particularly in the absence of echocardiographic data for residual PH.","PeriodicalId":33976,"journal":{"name":"B''lgarska kardiologiia","volume":"48 1","pages":"44-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86055588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Red cell distribution width as a predictor of impaired exercise capacity in patients with heart failure].","authors":"N. Karanadze, Y. L. Begrambekova, E. Borisov, Y. Orlova","doi":"10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n1813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n1813","url":null,"abstract":"Aim    To test a hypothesis that increased values of red cell distribution width (RDW) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) can be related with low exercise tolerance.Material and methods    102 patients were evaluated who had CHF with mid-range and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF) without anemia (72% men, mean age 66±10.2 years). Cardiopulmonary stress test (CPST), echocardiography, 6‑min walk test (6MWT), blood count, and measurements of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) and serum iron were performed.Results    The average LV EF was 39±8.7 %; the peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) was 13.7±4.8 ml /kg /min; and the median NT-pro-BNP was 595.3 pg /ml (Q1-3 1443-2401). RDW variables, including the RDW coefficient of variation (RDW-CV) and RDW standard deviation (RDW-SD), were not significantly related with serum iron or hemoglobin concentrations. A one-factor linear regression analysis showed a significant correlation of VO2peak with RDW-SD (р=0.039). A multivariate linear regression analysis with adjustments for LV EF, hemoglobin concentration, and age did not reveal any significant correlation of VO2peak with RDW variables. The distance covered in the 6MWT was significantly associated with RDW-CV both in the one-factor analysis and with adjustments for LV EF, hemoglobin and serum iron concentrations, and age.Conclusion    This study showed that high RDW values in CHF patients without anemia predicted low exercise tolerance regardless of the age, LV systolic function, and hemoglobin and serum iron concentrations. A 16% increase in RDW-CV significantly decreased the likelihood of covering a distance longer than 360 m during 6 min.","PeriodicalId":33976,"journal":{"name":"B''lgarska kardiologiia","volume":"82 1","pages":"30-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84213796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there a relationship between heart rate recovery and blood pressure in white coat hypertension?","authors":"Ferhat Eyyupkoca, Ajar Koçak, O. Yıldırım, M. Altıntaş, K. Ercan, C. Şabanoğlu, S. Okutucu","doi":"10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n1897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n1897","url":null,"abstract":"Aim    Increasing evidence suggests that autonomic dysfunction may be involved in the etiology of white coat hypertension (WCH). The aim of this study was to evaluate cardiac autonomic function by using heart rate recovery (HRR) indices in patients with WCH classified according to their circadian rhythm type of blood pressure (BP).Material and methods    This cross-sectional study included 120 participants over the age of 18 yrs, including 50 patients diagnosed with WCH and 70 healthy controls with normal in- and out-of-office BP and without any known disease. Circadian rhythm types, i.e., dippers and non-dippers, were identified using ambulatory BP monitoring. The HRR indices were calculated by subtracting the 1st-minute (HRR1), 2nd-minute (HRR2), and 3rd-minute (HRR3) heart rates from the maximal heart rate recorded during stress testing.Results    The lesser decline in nighttime BP (6.4±2.14 and 13.3±2.2 mmHg, respectively; p<0.001) and the smaller mean HRR1 (25.5±3.0 and 30.3±3.1 beats / min, respectively; p<0.001) were evident in WCH non-dippers compared to WCH dippers. Linear regression analysis showed that HRR1 (β±SE=0.43±0.11; p<0.001) and diastolic BP at maximum exercise (β±SE=0.14±0.07; p=0.040) are independent risk factors for the blunted decline in nighttime BP.Conclusion    Delayed recovery of heart rate after an exercise stress test is associated with non-dipper type of circadian rhythm of BP. This was more pronounced in WCH patients, and these patients are at risk of autonomic dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":33976,"journal":{"name":"B''lgarska kardiologiia","volume":"46 1","pages":"55-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73545741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The importance of cardiorehabilitation in the era of modern treatment of cardio-vascular diseases].","authors":"N. Pogosova","doi":"10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n2015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n2015","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has a class IA indication in international and national guidelines as an intervention with proven efficacy for decreasing cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in various categories of cardiological patients. However, CR is one of the least used current technologies for the treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases worldwide. This article presents the state of the CR problem during the epoch of high-tech treatments of cardiovascular diseases; the prevalence of using CR in various countries; traditional and new methodological approaches, including telemedicine; and clinical and prognostic effects of CR in various categories of patients with cardiovascular diseases.","PeriodicalId":33976,"journal":{"name":"B''lgarska kardiologiia","volume":"33 1","pages":"3-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80138617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Chest pain and chronic heart failure as a manifestation of tertiary syphilis: clinical case].","authors":"E. Reznik, N. M. Dubinin, E. Khalatova, I. S. Nazarov, V. A. Kac, L. V. Brilyov, A. Dvornikov","doi":"10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n1516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n1516","url":null,"abstract":"In cardiological practice, there may be patients with chest pain and heart failure of a specific etiology, including an association with cardiovascular syphilis. This article describes a 49-year patient with chest pain, heart failure, and neurological symptoms associated with ongoing tertiary syphilis. The history included an antisyphilitic treatment 30 years before the current hospitalization. Further evaluation confirmed neuro- and cardiovascular syphilis with severe aortic regurgitation and syphilitic myocarditis. Tertiary syphilis is a rare but relevant challenge for various medical specialists, including cardiologists. This pathology requires increased medical alertness and interdisciplinary interaction for early diagnosis, effective and safe treatment, and improved prognosis.","PeriodicalId":33976,"journal":{"name":"B''lgarska kardiologiia","volume":"19 1","pages":"73-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79746023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of platelet glycoprotein IIb / IIIa inhibitors in current treatment of acute coronary syndrome.","authors":"T. Sukhinina, D. Pevzner, A. Mazurov, T. Vlasik, N. G. Solovieva, N. S. Kostritca, R. Shakhnovich, I. Yavelov","doi":"10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18087/cardio.2022.4.n2020","url":null,"abstract":"Current management of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) includes a dual antiplatelet therapy with acetylsalicylic acid and a platelet P2Y12 receptor inhibitor. For patients without a high risk of bleeding, prasugrel and ticagrelor are preferred, since their effect is more pronounced, less dependent on metabolism of a specific patient, and occurs faster that the effect of clopidogrel. The prescription rate of platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GP IIb / IIIa) receptor inhibitors has considerably decreased. However, these drugs remain relevant in percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with a high risk of coronary thrombosis or a massive coronary thrombus, in thrombotic complications of the procedure, and in the \"no-reflow\" phenomenon. The intravenous route of GP IIb / IIIa inhibitor administration provides their effectiveness in patients with difficulties of drug intake or with impaired absorption of oral medications. This review presents clinical and pharmacological characteristics of various GP IIb / IIIa inhibitors and data of randomized clinical studies and registries of recent years that evaluated results of their use in patients with ACS.","PeriodicalId":33976,"journal":{"name":"B''lgarska kardiologiia","volume":"75 1","pages":"64-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89905471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}