{"title":"Directional network discovery performance","authors":"R. Nichols","doi":"10.1109/SARNOF.2011.5876462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SARNOF.2011.5876462","url":null,"abstract":"Directional networks provide significant promise for future high-bandwidth communications architectures. There is an increasing need for capacity to support multi-media and other bandwidth-intensive applications while spectrum availability is decreasing. Directional networks allow for high capacity communications by focusing the energy between transmitter and receiver and providing greater frequency reuse. These networks can either be radio frequency (RF) or optical (free-space optical communications). The engineering cost of this improved capability is increased complexity of network formation and control in mobile network applications. In a traditional wireless network, neighbors can be detected through their omnidirectional antennas as long as they are in range. In directional networks, we contend with the “deafness” problem in that the other nodes are involved in beam-to-beam directional communications and cannot “hear” the new node as it attempts to enter a network. The problem of how to enable new nodes to enter or establish a network is called directional network discovery. There has been research conducted on how this can be efficiently implemented with various antenna and protocol innovations. In this paper, we focus on the performance of mobile network discovery techniques and the security of the discovery process.","PeriodicalId":339596,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Sarnoff Symposium","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117020458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An automatic volume control for preserving intelligibility","authors":"F. Felber","doi":"10.1109/SARNOF.2011.5876448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SARNOF.2011.5876448","url":null,"abstract":"A new method has been developed to adjust volume automatically on all audio devices equipped with at least one microphone, including mobile phones, personal media players, headsets, and car radios, that might be used in noisy environments, such as crowds, cars, and outdoors. The method uses a patented set of algorithms, implemented on the chips in such devices, to preserve constant intelligibility of speech in noisy environments, rather than constant signal-to-noise ratio. The algorithms analyze the noise background in real time and compensate only for fluctuating noise in the frequency domain and the time domain that interferes with intelligibility of speech. Advantages of this method of controlling volume include: Controlling volume without sacrificing clarity; adjusting only for persistent speech-interference noise; smoothing volume fluctuations; and eliminating static-like bursts caused by noise spikes. Practical human-factors approaches to implementing these algorithms in mobile phones are discussed.","PeriodicalId":339596,"journal":{"name":"34th IEEE Sarnoff Symposium","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133266065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}