The International Journal of Frontier Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Daily Activity Related Quality of Life in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Adults","authors":"Ruhamah Yousaf, M. Arif, Q. Ullah, S. Rafique, A. Hanif, Mustansar Ali","doi":"10.37978/tijfs.v3i1.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v3i1.44","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: The significant reason for anguish as well as incapacity is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Activities of daily living might be relentlessly curbed among patients with COPD and appraisal needs evaluation regarding influence of infirmity and detriments on day-to-day living. The primary objective was to know the daily activity associated quality of life in COPD adults. The secondary objective was to analyze demographical profile, such as gender and age of COPD subjects as well as evaluate the physical activity related breathlessness in COPD patients. Methodology: This study was executed at Gulab Devi Chest Hospital. We used cross sectional study design to collect the data. For collecting the statistics of 150 subjects aged 40-60 years of either gender Saint George’s Questionnaire was liable. It included the patient’s biodata, effect of COPD on physical activities and limitations in routine work. Results: The ages of 150 COPD patients selected were between 40 and 60 years. Patients were classified into two categories on the basis of disease severity according to GOLD criteria 71 (47.3%) were with moderate severity and 79 (52.7%) were with severe severity. 113 (75.3%) patients were smokers while 37 (24.7%) patients were non-smokers. 110 (73.3%) COPD patients were active smokers in comparison 40 (26.7%) COPD patients were passive smokers. COPD patients with current smoking status were 79 (52.7%) and with past smoking status were 71 (47.3%). 19 (12.7%) COPD patients felt breathlessness while sitting and lying. 53(35.3%) COPD patients felt breathless while getting washed or dressed. 85(56.7%) COPD patients felt breathless while walking around the home. 114 (96%) COPD patients discerned breathlessness while walking up a flight of stairs. 145 (96.7%) COPD patients had breathlessness while playing sports or games. 146 (97.3%) COPD patients experienced difficulty in breathing during activities like carrying load. 88 (58.7%) COPD patients discerned breathlessness during entertainment or recreation. 88 (58.7%) COPD patients discerned breathlessness during entertainment or recreation. 7 (4.7%) COPD patients felt breathlessness while moving from bed or chair. Conclusion: As with the progression of COPD impairment in activities become worse due to breathlessness causing decline in patient’s ability making them unable to complete their task to fulfill the needs of life and ultimately become bed bound due to shortness of breath.","PeriodicalId":33951,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Frontier Sciences","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69949568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors of Diarrhoea in Malnourished Children under Age of 5 Years","authors":"Madiha Iftikhar, Z. Ulhaq, Q. Ullah, S. Saleem, A. Hanif","doi":"10.37978/tijfs.v3i1.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v3i1.45","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: \u0000Background: Acute infectious enteritis remains one of the commonest causes of death among infants and children in developing countries. Acute enteritis is defined as a loss of stool consistency with pasty or liquid stools, and/or an increase in stool frequency to more than three stools in 24 hours with or without fever or vomiting. Human survival depends on the secretion and reabsorption of fluid and electrolytes in the intestinal tract. The objective of the study is to evaluate the risk factors of diarrhoea in children under age of 5 years. \u0000Methodology: It was an observational study. Study was completed in about six months. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. In this study, 270 samples were taken from Diarrheal ward of The Children Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. \u0000Results: In this study, out of 270 patients, 58.52% were males and 41.48% were females. 90.37% patients were vaccinated. 54.81% had weaning history. 91.85% patients had feeding history. 29.26% had blood in stool. 96.67% patients were dehydrated. 95.56% patients had loose watery diarrhoea. 62.96% patients used boiled water. 58.52% patients consumed less than half litre of water, 30.00% patients consumed 1 litre of water and 11.48% patients consumed > 1 litre of water. 49.18% patients had proper hygiene. 38.15% mothers of patients were well educated. 40.37% patients had model household condition. 57.41% patients lived in rural area and 42.59% patients lived in urban area. \u0000Conclusion: The variation in the level of diarrheal morbidity was well explained by maternal education, income, personal hygiene, refuse disposal system and the effect of health extension programme.","PeriodicalId":33951,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Frontier Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43947045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism rs2013162 of IRF6 Gene in Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate","authors":"Husnain Shehzad, Osheen Shehzad","doi":"10.37978/tijfs.v3i1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v3i1.46","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Background: Cleft lip and palate are congenital disorders which induce affected individuals medically, socially and psychologically. The objective of this study was to investigate the association of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism(SNP); rs2013162 of IRF6 Gene in Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with non-syndromic CL/P were included in present study alongwith fifty individuals with no psychiatric history as controls. In all of the these individuals, search for Single nucleotide polymorphism was carried out by designing sequence specific primers. The sequence was amplified by using Real time PCR and products were investigated by visualizing high resolution melting curve upon HRM-PCR. Results: The logistic regression and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were applied to investigate the association of IRF6 SNP rs2013162 with disease. Results revealed no association of this polymorphism with non-syndromic CL/P. Conclusion: We found no association of IRF6 SNP rs2013162 in patients with non-syndromic CL/P. Further study is required with larger sample size to validate the findings of the present study in Pakistani population and along with this SNP other polymorphisms of the same gene should be analyzed to find out the association with the non-syndromic CL/P.","PeriodicalId":33951,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Frontier Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69949805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water: The Elixir of Life","authors":"M. Aslamkhan","doi":"10.37978/tijfs.v3i1.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v3i1.49","url":null,"abstract":"Water is a chemical compound made up of two elements, Hydrogen gas, which is combustible and Oxygen gas, which causes to burn. But the union of two atoms of Hydrogen and one atom of Oxygen results in a colourless and odourless liquid, known as water, which extinguish fire.","PeriodicalId":33951,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Frontier Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44127610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of Clinical symptoms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Asthmatic Patients","authors":"N. Hafeez, Q. Ullah, A. Hanif, Z. Akhtar, M. Umar, R. Rafaqat","doi":"10.37978/tijfs.v3i1.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v3i1.43","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: \u0000Background: Gastroesophageal reflex is known as an acid reflex, is long term condition where stomach contents back into the oesophagus resulting in either symptoms or complications. GERD disease is caused by weakness or failure of the lower oesophageal sphincter. Symptoms include the acidic taste behind the mouth, heart burn, chest pain, difficult breathing and vomiting. Complication includes esophagitis, oesophageal strictures and barrettes oesophagus. \u0000Objective: The aim of this research was to introduce the symptoms of GERD disease in asthmatic patients and how these symptoms worsen the symptoms of asthma disease and what clinical pictures present with the asthmatic disease. \u0000Methodology: A designed performa was used to collect the data and after filling the performa, results were drawn and conclusion through the facts and the information given by patients. \u0000Results: In the present study among all 164 asthmatic patients, 70 (42.7%) patients showed dyspepsia, 58 (35.4%) were with chest burning, 23 (14%) were asking about chest pain, with acidic mouth taste were 39 (23.8%), 22 (13.4%) were feeling sore throat and 44 (26.8%) showed regurgitation reflex. Among these 164 patients 16 (9.8%) were smokers and 148 (90.2 %) were non-smokers. 47 (28.7%) were males and 117 (71.3%) were females. \u0000Conclusion: It is concluded that gastroesophageal reflux disease in asthmatic patients present symptoms of acidic mouth taste, chest burning, chest pain, dyspepsia, regurgitation reflex and sore throat.","PeriodicalId":33951,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Frontier Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48602643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Healthcare","authors":"Muhammad Imran","doi":"10.37978/tijfs.v2i2.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v2i2.35","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most effective and valuable principles to promote health in all countries has been adoption of Primary Health Care (PHC) as a fundamental strategy. In September 1978, an international conference was held in Alma-Ata, whose great achievement was declaring PHC as a roadmap for “Health for All” by the year 2000 (HFA 2000). Indeed, as a new approach beyond the traditional system of health care, PHC insisted on justice in the delivery and distribution of services in the health sector (1).","PeriodicalId":33951,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Frontier Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48833794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of HIV in Obstructive Lung Disease Patients","authors":"W. Ahmed, Q. Ullah, Mughees Ahmed, A. Hanif","doi":"10.37978/tijfs.v2i2.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v2i2.38","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractBackground: Obstructive lung disease (OLD) is one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Obstructive lung disease is the narrowing of bronchioles mainly due to excessive smooth muscle contraction. The objective of this study is to evaluate the Frequency of HIV in obstructive lung disease patients.Methodology: Samples were collected randomly, and study was completed in almost six months. 100 samples were taken with an informed consent taken from all the patients. EDTA and Clotted blood was collected for HIV ELISA and HIV screening.Results: In this study, 69% Males and 31%Females, 34% Smokers, 26% patients were Hypertensive, 10% patients were diabetic, 3% patients were diagnosed HIV positive by screening and ELISA.Conclusion: The frequency of HIV in obstructive lung disease patients in this research is not very high as compared to the previous researches, showing high frequency and relationship between HIV and obstructive lung disease patients. The reason behind low frequency is due to low sample size so by increasing the sample size we can get better understanding of frequency of HIV in obstructive lung disease patients. Another reason of insignificant results is low prevalence of HIV in Pakistan as compared to the previous researches in certain countries. ","PeriodicalId":33951,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Frontier Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42386335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Operative Pain Comparison between Peri-Operative Bupivacaine Infiltration Vs Post-Operative Opioids Analgesics in Patient Undergoing Abdominal Surgery in First 6 Hours","authors":"Syeda Hina Zahra, Q. Ullah, Usman Ali Rehman, A. Hanif, S. Bhatti","doi":"10.37978/tijfs.v2i2.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v2i2.39","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Background: To compare between opioids and wound infiltration to reduce post-operative painin abdominal surgery in first 6 hours, in appropriate treatment, contraindications of treatment and increase mortality of patients. This article presents novel approach to surgical site infiltration techniques and intravenous opioids for abdominal surgery to reduce pain. The main aim of this study is optimal patient comfort rather than reduce pain intensity, reduction offside effects is also an important goal in pain management.Methodology: Data was collected from surgical department of Gulab Devi Chest Hospital. Duringabdominal surgery bupivacaine was given to some patients while other were managed by postoperative opioids and by using designed performa it is concluded that which one of them is better method for post-operative pain management.Results: This is the descriptive study conducted in Gulab Devi Hospital Lahore.in this study, inthis study minimum age of the patients was 14 and maximum age of the patients was 80. The mean age was 32.16+12.32 years. In this study out of total 100 patients, 18(18.00%) were male patients and 82(82.00%) were females. Female gender predominated in this study. in this study, p-value is 0.00 (<0.05%) so pain relieving chances of bupivacaine infiltration as moderate pain scale were 84% and in distracting pain scale chances in bupivacaine infiltration were 16%.But pain relieving chances of opioids as moderate pain scale were 12.24 % and in distracting pain scale chances in opioids were 87.75%.so peri-operative pain management by bupivacaine infiltration is better than post –operative opioids management in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.Conclusion: According to my research bupivacaine wound infiltration is better method for postoperative pain management in abdominal surgeries. Our study was conducted at Gulab DeviHospital and Services Hospital in an area of pain management by opioids and infiltration, whichmay limit the applications of our findings in area of pain management by opioids and infiltrationprevalence.","PeriodicalId":33951,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Frontier Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47303827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between the Susceptibility of Salmonella.Typhi to Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin and their respective Susceptibility To Nalidixic Acid","authors":"N. Bashir, Ali Ahmed, Hashim Raza, M. Imran","doi":"10.37978/tijfs.v2i2.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v2i2.40","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Typhoid fever is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world including Pakistan. Resistance to the first line anti typhoid drugs viz chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and ampicillin has aggravated this situation. Quinolones are currently used as the first line antityphoid drugs, instead. Fluoroquinolones are currently recommended for patients infected with Typhi. The fluoroquinolones have shown good in vitro as well as clinical activity against Typhi infections.Materials and Methods: It was a comparative cross-sectional conducted at Department of Microbiology UHS, Lahore, Pakistan within one year (January 2011-December 2011). A total of 100 clinical isolates of Typhi were evaluated. ATCC 9150 Paratyphi A was used as a standarad strain. The bacterial isolates were preserved in microbanks (Pro-Lab Diagnostics, UK) and stored at-70˚C during a period of (2007- 2011). Data was analysed through SPSS version 22.Results: Of the 100 isolates, 45 strains were showing MIC ≤ 1µg/ml which means that they were susceptible while 55 strains were intermediate having MIC 2µg/ml. No strain was however, found resistant to ciprofloxacin according as per the CLSI 2011. As per the CLSI 2012 revised ciprofloxacin break points for disc diffusion and MIC for salmonella species. According to CLSI 2012 interpretive criteria, on disk diffusion testing 13 isolates were sensitive, 13 were resistant and 74 were intermediate to ciprofloxacin. On MIC, 55 strains were resistant showing MIC ≥1µg/ml and 45 isolates were intermediate showing MIC 0.125-0.5µg/ml. No isolate was found sensitive to ciprofloxacin according to CLSI 2012 interpretive criteria.Conclusion: In conclusion, the present study showed the value of nalidixic acid susceptibility as an indirect but a certain marker of ciprofloxacin susceptibility. Nalidixic acid resistant showed increased minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by agar dilution method.","PeriodicalId":33951,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Frontier Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47373381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequency of Parenternal Exposure and Seroprevelence of HBV, HCV and HIV among Operating Room Personnel","authors":"Q. Ullah, Usman Ali Rehman, A. Hanif, S. Bhatti","doi":"10.37978/tijfs.v2i2.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v2i2.36","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are many experiences in the operation theatre professionals to get Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus and Human immunodeficiency virus during their profession in operating room due to accidental needle pricks or through cut by any sharp. The objective of this study is to find out the Frequency of parenteral exposure and seroprevelence of HBV, HCV and HIV among operating room personnel.Methodology: Frequency of parenteral exposure and seroprevalence of HBV, HCV and HIV among operating room personnel was found using ICT method.Results: All 108 (100 %) operating room personnel were HBV, HCV and HIV negative, none of them showed positive results. Among these 108 operating room personnel to complete my research, among these 58 (53.7%) were male and 50 (46.3%) were female.Conclusion: It is concluded by the study that there are no positive cases of HBV, HCV and HIV among operating room personnel in Gulab devi hospital and Masood hospital.","PeriodicalId":33951,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Frontier Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48127673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}