Transdisciplinary Journal of Engineering Science最新文献

{"title":"Towards a Framework for Transdisciplinary Problem Solving","authors":"R. Yeh","doi":"10.22545/2019/0111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22545/2019/0111","url":null,"abstract":"We live in trying times because of the rapid convergence of technologies such as artificial intelligence, brain-like computer chips, bio-engineering, intelligent pharmacology. At the same time, we live with complex societal problems related to issues including global warming, hunger, and aging. The collision of these factors means that we face many serious ethical issues in our daily lives, which often leads to a myopic and self-centered view of the world. Indeed, as we struggle to balance our own dreams and needs, we often forget that we are members of the whole. This article is an attempt to use a transdisciplinary approach to tackle the complex issues in our world by seeking a methodological framework that uses the best aspects from multiple disciplines. The desired end result is a solution that can bridge the profound (higher consciousness) and the practical (innovation) in a way that empowers us to direct our lives in ways that will honor the whole.","PeriodicalId":33887,"journal":{"name":"Transdisciplinary Journal of Engineering Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49654863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Global Cancer Disparities: The Role of Social Determinants from System Dynamics Perspective.","authors":"Faustine Williams, Nancy Zoellner, Peter S Hovmand","doi":"10.22545/2016/00072","DOIUrl":"10.22545/2016/00072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2012, almost 57% of all cancer cases and 65% of cancer deaths occurred in low-and middle-income countries. If the current trend continues, the burden of cancer will increase to 22 million new cases annually by 2030, with 81% of new cases and almost 88% of mortality occurring in less developed countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative review of the literature was conducted. This included a systematic search of eight electronic databases namely, PubMed, Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Applied Social Sciences Index, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Cochrane and PsycINFO. The reference list of articles retrieved were also thoroughly searched. Inclusion criteria were studies that addressed global health, cancer disparities and global or economic development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one articles were identified that met the eligibility criteria. Results were synthesized in the form of a system dynamics causal loop diagram or map which led to identification of eight major stocks or system variables. These included, children and adult population, overall population health, pollution, quality of healthcare delivery, quality of neighborhood and built environment, social and community cohesiveness, healthy and social norms and attitudes, and literacy level. Based on this, a dynamic hypothesis of global health cancer disparities was developed. The causal loop diagram showed the role of multiple interacting feedback mechanisms as explanations for trends in global health cancer disparities and the underlying consequences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Addressing these determinants of health requires an effective dynamic approach to improving global cancer health. Application of a systems thinking methodological approach has the potential to provide new understanding to how global development trends in combination with global health efforts to improve population health could shift cancer disparities and burden associated with the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":33887,"journal":{"name":"Transdisciplinary Journal of Engineering Science","volume":"7 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6380520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37163587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}