Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy最新文献

{"title":"Effect of substituting cashew nut paste (Anarcadium occidentale) with baking fat on the quality of acha (Digitaria exillis) -Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Based Biscuit","authors":"Jerome Ayo, B. Gbuusu, Mary Omosebi, D. Kundam, Levy Myange","doi":"10.36782/apjsafe.v12i1.334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36782/apjsafe.v12i1.334","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research was to determine the effect of substituting cashew nut paste into baking fat on the quality of acha-orange fleshed sweet potato base biscuits. Preliminary studies was carried out on acha-OFSP at ratio 100:% acha, 95:5% acha-OFSP; 90:10% acha-OFSP, 85:15% Acha-OFSP, 80:20%, 75:5% acha-OFSP and ratio 80:20 of acha-orange fleshed sweet potato flour blends was preferred by the panellist to be  used in the maim work. The experimental design were coded as follows: A-100:30:0,  B-100:25:5, C-100:20:10, D-100:15:15, E-100:10:20, F-5:25, G-100:0:30 of  acha-orange fleshed sweet potato: baking fat: cashew nut paste blends. The biscuits produced were analysed for proximate, minerals, vitamins, phytochemical, physical and sensory of blends biscuits. The proximate composition of the biscuit; moisture, fat, fibre, ash, protein, carbohydrate ranged from 5.96-13.36, 15.26-24.41, 1.43-2.31, 0.94-1.44  12.47-22.60, 47.20-59.99. Minerals composition of the biscuit; Ca, K, Mg and P, ranged from 35.54-49.46, 44.64-63.50, 23.13-40.73, 11.43-21.50. Vitamins composition of the biscuit; E, B2, B12 ranged from 0.32-0.48, 0.20-0.56, 0.09-0.36. Phytochemicals composition of the biscuit; flavonoids, carotenoids and phenolic ranged from 1.09-1.66, 2.08-2.57, 10.46-17.91. Physical properties; break strength, diameter, thickness, volume, weight and density ranged from 927.50-3442.50(g), 3.70-3.78(cm), 0.26-0.28(mm), 10 (cm), 5.38-6.72(g), 0.53-0.70. The average means of the aroma, texture, colour, taste and overall acceptability range from 5.90-6.75, 4.60-6.85, 5.26-7.30, 5.30-7.05, 5.65-6.80.The substitution of cashew nut paste into baking fat improved the micro, macro nutrients content and the physical of acha- OFSP flour blends based biscuits.","PeriodicalId":338387,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141675569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology, Nest Characters, and Behavior: Taxonomic Aids in Facilitating Identification of Tetragonula biroi Friese (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini)","authors":"Amelia R. Nicolas","doi":"10.36782/apjsafe.v11i1.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36782/apjsafe.v11i1.204","url":null,"abstract":"Tetragonula biroi Friese, the most popular stingless bee species in the Philippines, belongs to Tetragonula, a difficult genus to deal with due to the high character variability of workers. This paper provides a detailed description of the morphological characters, nest features, and behavioral characteristics of T. biroi to help facilitate its classification and identification. Proper identification of stingless bees is crucial in biodiversity conservation, genetic improvement, and pest management.","PeriodicalId":338387,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123778425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defatting and Fermentation Treatment on The Bioactive Compounds of Rice Bran","authors":"Febiana Putri Ramadhan, S. Budijanto, A. Ardiansyah","doi":"10.36782/apjsafe.v11i1.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36782/apjsafe.v11i1.205","url":null,"abstract":"Rice bran is a by-product of brown rice milling process. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of fermentation on the changes of total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and bioactive components in rice bran with the combination of defatting treatment. Coloured rice bran (white, red, and black) was used in this study. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity were analysed with Folin-Ciocalteau and DPPH radical scavenging activity (RSA) method, respectively. Bioactive component of rice bran was analysed by HPLC. The highest TPC and RSA were shown on defatted and fermented white rice bran (288.18±2.52 mg GAE/100 g DB and 67.95±0.75%, respectively). The highest γ-oryzanol content and ferulic acid were shown in non-defatted fermented black rice bran and defatted fermented black rice bran with 24.83 mg/g and 1.45 mg/g sampel, respectively. The results of this study indicated that the fermentation treatment could increase the bioactive component of rice bran. Furthermore, combination of defatting and fermentation was only effective on white rice bran.","PeriodicalId":338387,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132588787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan and Drying Temperature Optimization on the Quality of Bage Lemuru Fish using RSM Methods","authors":"Chairul Anam Afgan, Mikhratunnisa Mikhratunnisa, Sofyan Hadi, N. A. Komarudin, A. Nuraisyah, Rhestu Isworo","doi":"10.36782/apjsafe.v11i1.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36782/apjsafe.v11i1.167","url":null,"abstract":"Bage is a traditional fermented fish in Sumbawa made from lemuru fish (Sardinella lemuru). The aims of this study were to determine the chemical properties (moisture content and crude protein), microbial properties, and the panellist’s preferences for bage fish products after the addition of chitosan during the process. Optimization analysis using Response Surface Methodology showed that the temperature acquired was 60.93˚C. The chitosan concentration amounted to 3.51%, resulting in a water content of 23.47% and protein content of 49.91%. The number of microbial colonies in all treatments did not exceed the maximum limit of salted fish category product, based on SNI 8273 – 2016, but the fungal growth was found in samples with a temperature of 53 and 55˚C on the 20th day. The highest level of panellist preference for taste and aroma of bage fish was at a treatment temperature of 60 ° C with the addition of chitosan 4.62%, whereas the best texture was obtained by treatment at a temperature of 53˚C with the addition of 4.62% chitosan","PeriodicalId":338387,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129899073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Multi-Enzyme Supplementation on Growth Performance of Rabbits","authors":"A. Mohammed","doi":"10.36782/apjsafe.v11i1.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36782/apjsafe.v11i1.162","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine the effect of enzyme supplementation in diets of rabbits on their growth performance, carcass and organ characteristics as well as haematological profile of rabbits. The rabbits were fed commercial diets containing 15% crude protein and metabolizable energy of 2650 kcal. The treatment diets were formulated by adding the enzyme (Kemzyme Plus) to the diets at 0mg/kg, 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg respectively. Twenty (20) weaner rabbits were divided into four groups of five rabbit per group. Each group represent a treatment with 5 replications in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The results of growth performance indicated that rabbits fed diets containing 1000mg/kg of Kemzyme had a significant higher (P<0.05) feed intake than those rabbits fed 250 and 500mg/kg of the Kemzyme, which had a comparable feed intake but higher (P<0.05) than those rabbits fed the control diet. The control group had the lowest (P<0.05) weight gain and those rabbits fed the diet containing 1000mg/kg of Kemzyme had the highest (P<0.05) weight gain. Rabbits fed diets containing 250 and 500mg/kg of Kemzyme had the highest (P<0.05) feed conversion efficiency than those rabbits fed diets containing 1000mg/kg of Kemzyme. The control group had the lowest (P<0.05) feed conversion efficiency. Rabbits fed diets containing 1000mg/kg of Kemzyme had a significantly higher dress weight than those rabbits fed diets containing 250 and 500mg/kg of Kemzyme which were comparable but higher (P<0.05) than those of the control group. All those rabbits fed diets containing the Kemzyme had significantly higher carcass dressing than those of the control group, but those rabbits fed diets containing 250mg/kg of Kemzyme had similar (P>0.05) carcass dressing with the control. There was significant difference (P<0.05) among the treatment groups in terms of lung weight. In both the kidney and the liver, those rabbits fed the control diet had the highest kidney and liver weights and those rabbits fed diets containing 250mg/kg of Kemzyme had the lowest (P<0.05) weights. All those rabbits fed diets containing Kemzyme had superior (P<0.05) quality of blood in terms red blood cells, packed cell volume and haemoglobin than those rabbits fed the control diet. However, mean corpuscular volume was high (P<0.05) in the control group than those fed diets containing Kemzyme. Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and white blood cells were not affected (P>0.05) by the inclusion of Kemzyme in the diets of the rabbits. In conclusion, supplementing diets with multi-enzyme (Kemzyme Dry-Plus) in increasing levels of 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg, and 1000mg/kg improved the growth performance of the weaner rabbits.","PeriodicalId":338387,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134240959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Fonio (Digitaria exilis) Accessions to Fertilizer Application","authors":"A. Bawa, I. Addai, Konlan B. Bisuki","doi":"10.36782/apjsafe.v10i2.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36782/apjsafe.v10i2.146","url":null,"abstract":"Fonio is one of the lost crops of Africa, and part of the reasons it has been neglected is inadequate information on Fonio growth and yield potential across its growing areas, hence the need to assess the response of available germplasm to fertilizer application. The objectives of the study were to determine the growth and yield response of Fonio accessions to fertilizer application, and to evaluate the interactive effect of fertilizer and Fonio accession on growth and yield. The study was conducted in Northern Ghana, during the 2019 cropping season. The research used a 4 x 5 (four fertilizer levels and five accessions) factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The finding showed that growth and yield parameters were significantly (P< 0.05) affected by fertilizer application. The result also revealed that accession OUSAI recorded the highest grain yield of 1015.10 kg/ha and NFAS4 recorded the least grain yield of 713.23 kg/ha. Also, the most lodged accession was OUAS1 which recorded 65% lodging of its total plant population and the least lodged accessions (NFAS4 and EYAS5) recorded about 10% lodging each. There was significant (P ˂ 0.05) variations among accessions for most of the attributes measured. The interactive effect of fertilizer and accession was significant ((P˂0.05) for most of the traits studied.","PeriodicalId":338387,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122089264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quail Production Systems, Prospects and Constraints in Ghana","authors":"Samuel Azebadumah Akarikiya, Dei Herbert Kwabla, A. Mohammed","doi":"10.36782/apjsafe.v10i2.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36782/apjsafe.v10i2.173","url":null,"abstract":"This study was undertaken to assess the production systems, prospects and challenges of quail farming in three (3) ecological zones (Rainforest, Transitional and Guinea Savannah) in Ghana. Sixty (60) quail farmers were purposefully sampled for the study using the snowball sampling technique. Data were gathered through interviews with the aid of structured questionnaire and analysed using SPSS 22.0. The results showed that more males (86.7%) than females (13.3%) were involved in quail farming in Ghana with majority (73.3%) of farmers having less than five years of experience in the business. About 50% of quail farmers had their flock sizes ranging from 501 to 2000 birds. Three (3) major breeds of quails (Japanese, American and Jumbo Giant quails) are reared in Ghana but the most common breed is the Japanese quail due to its prolificacy and ability to tolerate the intensive colony battery cage management system for commercial egg production. Quail production was more prevalent in the ecological zones in Southern Ghana than in the Northern Guinea Savannah zone.","PeriodicalId":338387,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126042147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interceding Role of Agricultural Extension Services in Adoption of Climate-Smart Agricultural Technologies in Northern Ghana","authors":"B. Anang","doi":"10.36782/apjsafe.v10i2.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36782/apjsafe.v10i2.175","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the effect of climate change on food security and rural livelihoods, the promotion and adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices have become very crucial. The role of agricultural extension in the adoption decision process is an important factor. However, extension delivery systems in most developing countries face numerous challenges that raise concerns about their ability to bring about the desired impact on farm households’ decisions. Relying on data from a cross-section of smallholder farmers in Ghana’s northern savanna area, specifically the Tolon district, the study assessed the determinants of farmers’ decision to adopt climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices as well as the intensity of adoption and the role agricultural extension plays in CSA adoption. Using a Poisson regression with endogenous treatment effects model to account for selectivity bias, the study observed that farmers adopt multiple CSA practices, with adoption being influenced by farmer group membership, size of herd and participation in off-farm work. Intensity of adoption, on the other hand, increased with access to agricultural extension, farm credit and input subsidy, but decreased with farm size and participation in off-farm work. Furthermore, an impact assessment indicated that participants in agricultural extension had 1.27 more adoption of CSA practices than they would if they had not participated in agricultural extension. The study concludes that there is a strong association between adoption intensity and access to agricultural support services such as extension, input subsidy and agricultural credit. The interceding role of extension in the adoption of CSA practices calls for more resources to be channeled towards extension service provision as a means to mitigate the effects of climate change and promote sustainable production at the farm level. The positive externalities from CSA adoption will go a long way to protect the environment, promote food security and rural livelihoods.","PeriodicalId":338387,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121706599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Per capita food expenditure in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar: Is there household economies of scale?","authors":"May Thet May Thet, T. Myint, Chu Htet Hnin, Htet Marlar Aye, Yin Nyein Aye, M. Moh, T. Soe","doi":"10.36782/apjsafe.v10i2.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36782/apjsafe.v10i2.164","url":null,"abstract":"This paper empirically investigates the existence of economies of scale in food consumption, the share of food expense in total household expenditure, and the determinants of per capita food expenditure in Myanmar. The study was conducted with a total of 400 respondents from Nay Pyi Taw region and the survey took place in October 2021. The results are presented into two sections. In the first section, the descriptive statistics of the variables such as the respondents’ age, household size, education and residence are reported. The household monthly income was 227.51 USD, household monthly food expenditure was 112.49 USD, household monthly per capita food expenditure was 36.69 USD, and the share of food expenditure to total household expenditure was 70.20 % on average. In the second section, the inferential statistics of the variables are reported using the Pearson’s correlation analysis and regression analysis. Significant negative relationships were found between adult-equivalent household size and per capita food expenditure, and between income and the share of food expense in total household expenditure. The negative effect of household size on per capita food expenditure indicated by the regression analysis suggested that economies of scale in food consumption existed among the study households. Policy makers therefore need to consider economies of scale when designing the poverty alleviation programs.","PeriodicalId":338387,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129908963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maize Production and Food Security in Garu District of Upper East Region, Ghana","authors":"A. Bawa, Denis Asampambila","doi":"10.36782/apjsafe.v10i2.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36782/apjsafe.v10i2.116","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is the dominant occupation in the Garu district that employs over 95 percent of households. However, yields of maize in the district are perpetually low. This might be due to intermittent drought (erratic rainfall pattern), low soil fertility, invasion of diseases and pests, inadequate technical know-how, inadequate credit facilities to expand production and the use of inappropriate farming practices and techniques. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of maize production on food security in Garu district of the Upper East region of Ghana. Purposive sampling technique was used to select Garu district out of the thirteen districts in the Upper East region of Ghana. The purposive sampling technique was again used to select 10 predominantly maize farming communities within the Garu district. The stratified sampling technique was used to selects respondents from the ten communities, while simple random sampling was used to select Agricultural Extension Agents for the study. In all, 124 respondents were selected for the study. The study revealed that over 50% of household members had enough maize to feed on throughout the 12 months period of the year. The study further established that most household made good use of maize as their main diet and nutrition throughout the year. It is recommended that capacity building of farmers on agronomic practices and improved modern methods of farming should be intensified to further sharping the skills of farmers for increased productivity and hence, improved food security. It is also recommended that the Department of Agriculture should ensure effective extension services delivery to increase yields of maize from the average of 4-6 100kg bags per acre to 10 bags per acre.","PeriodicalId":338387,"journal":{"name":"Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115647314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}