HIV & AIDS Review最新文献_第6页

Reproductive and sexual health concernsin HIV-positive youth, aged 15 to 24 years 15 至 24 岁艾滋病毒呈阳性青年的生殖健康和性健康问题

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2023.127710

L. Asadi, S. Esmaelzadeh, H. Koochak, A. Zareiyan, Behjat Khorsandi, Zahra Behboodi-Moghadam

{"title":"Reproductive and sexual health concerns\u0000in HIV-positive youth, aged 15 to 24 years","authors":"L. Asadi, S. Esmaelzadeh, H. Koochak, A. Zareiyan, Behjat Khorsandi, Zahra Behboodi-Moghadam","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2023.127710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2023.127710","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Recognition of reproductive and sexual needs of HIV-positive youth provides health planners and policy-makers with required information to take practical measures in addressing this challenge. Therefore, this study targeted at explaining the reproductive and sexual health concerns of HIV-positive youth. Material and methods: The present descriptive qualitative study was performed using content analysis approach. To collect data, in-depth semi-structured personal interviews were conducted in a calm and private environment. As a result, 19 interviews were done among 17 HIV-positive young people, aged 15 to 24 years (11 girls and 6 boys). Data were analyzed using MAXQDA software, version 12. Results: Followed by analyzing the content of interviews, focusing on the reproductive-sexual health concerns of HIV-positive youth, five categories and 16 sub-categories were obtained. Categories included mental disorders, social exclusion, sexual problems, physical problems, and lack of optimal health services. Conclusions: Patients’ psychological, physical, and sexual problems, along with incomplete awareness of their reproductive and sexual issues, can cause irreparable personal and social health consequences. In this manner, the reproductive and sexual needs of young people should be considered, and more practical interventions are required in this field","PeriodicalId":338023,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130593999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-adherence to antiretroviral treatment and associated factors among people living with HIV in Iran: a retrospective cohort study 伊朗艾滋病毒感染者不坚持抗逆转录病毒治疗及其相关因素:一项回顾性队列研究

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2023.127716

S. Afrashteh, M. Shokoohi, Zahra Gheibi, M. Fararouei

{"title":"Non-adherence to antiretroviral treatment and associated factors among people living with HIV in Iran: a retrospective cohort study","authors":"S. Afrashteh, M. Shokoohi, Zahra Gheibi, M. Fararouei","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2023.127716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2023.127716","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Although combination of antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been successful in improving health outcomes of people living with HIV (PLWH), optimal treatment adherence is required to maintain the benefits. This study aimed to determine factors associated with treatment non-adherence among PLWH in Iran. Material and methods: In this cohort study, we included 988 PLWH (1997-2017) living in Southern Iran, Fars Province. Required demographic and clinical data was collected from patients’ files. Non-adherence was defined by a physician of the center as skipping a visit or less than 90% intake of prescribed medicines (antiretroviral drugs) in the month preceding to the date of data collection. Results: Of the 988 participants, 70.54% were males. Mean (SD) age of the participants was 35.80 (SD = 8.58) years and treatment non-adherence was found in 17.81% of patients ( n = 176). Multiple regression model showed that injection drug use (IDU) (AOR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.11-5.74%), and history of incarceration (AOR = 4.20, 95% CI: 1.65-10.66%) increased the likelihood of treatment non-adherence, while taking medications for pneumocystis pneumonia (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.22-0.52%), duration of being under ART (AOR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.08-0.21%) for 1-5 years, and (AOR = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02-0.16%) for more than 5 years, decreased the likelihood of treatment non-adherence. Conclusions: These findings show that one in five PLWH did not adhere to cART. On the other hand, the likelihood of non-adherence was directly associated with IDU and incarceration history. Based on the results, tailored programs should be developed to improve adherence among individuals with a history of IDU or incarceration.","PeriodicalId":338023,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130925527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A survival analysis of prognostic determinant factors of time-to-death of HIV/ TB co-infected patients under HAART followed-up in a public hospital in Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚一家公立医院接受HAART治疗的HIV/ TB合并感染患者至死亡时间预后决定因素的生存分析

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2022.121399

Delelegn Gebreyes

{"title":"A survival analysis of prognostic determinant factors of time-to-death of HIV/ TB co-infected patients under HAART followed-up in a public hospital in Ethiopia","authors":"Delelegn Gebreyes","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2022.121399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2022.121399","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and its’ damage are prevailing at a shocking level in the world, and tuberculosis (TB) also adds to this damage, which make things “Mumps on the Goiter”. In this case, highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) plays a great role in reducing the damage, and it is a lifetime treatment to reduce HIV-related mortality and morbidity, and prolong patients’ survival time. Material and methods: A retrospective survival study was conducted among 407 HIV-positive TB co-infected patients under HAART to observe the effects of HAART treatment and other covariates for the improvement of patient’s life expectancy. Appropriate survival model was selected using AIC, BIC, and log-likelihood values. Results: Out of the total 407 patients, 120 (29.48%) experienced the event of interest. A majority ( n = 74, 61.67%) of those who died of HIV/TB co-infection were males, 108 (90%) had pulmonary TB, and 12 (10%) patients suffered from extra-pulmonary TB. For the log-normal AFT model, mari tal status, WHO clinical stages, functional status, antiretroviral treatment (ART) regimen, religion, sqrt CD4+, and baseline CD4+ were among significant predictors at a 5% level of significance for the change in patient's lifetime. Conclusions: From this study, AFT models presented a better fit compared with Cox regression model. Among AFT models, the log-normal AFT model was selected, and hence, the study showed that prognostic factors, such as WHO clinical stages, functional status, sqrt CD4+ counts, ART regimen, marital status, baseline CD4+ counts, and their interactions with time, were among the significant predictors for the selected model at 5% significance level.","PeriodicalId":338023,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128468484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutrition knowledge and practice of dietary diversity among people living with HIV in a resource-limited setting: a multi-center study 资源有限环境下艾滋病毒感染者饮食多样性的营养知识和实践:一项多中心研究

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2022.115827

Ifeyinwa L Ezenwosu, E. Ossai, Osita Ezenwosu, Olanike Agwu-Umahi, E. Aguwa

{"title":"Nutrition knowledge and practice of dietary diversity among people living with HIV in a resource-limited setting: a multi-center study","authors":"Ifeyinwa L Ezenwosu, E. Ossai, Osita Ezenwosu, Olanike Agwu-Umahi, E. Aguwa","doi":"10.5114/hivar.2022.115827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/hivar.2022.115827","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Adequate nutrition plays a major role in delaying disease progression and improving quality of life of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV). Therefore, it is important to assess their nutrition knowledge and practice of dietary diversity, especially in resource-limited settings, where most HIV infections occur. Aim of the study was to assess the nutrition knowledge and dietary diversity practice of PLHIV in a resource-limited setting. Material and methods: This was a health facility-based cross-sectional analytical study conducted at two tertiary HIV clinics in Enugu, Nigeria. Using a systematic random sampling technique, 370 adult HIV patients were recruited. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were per-formed to identify factors associated with good nutrition knowledge and high dietary diversity among respondents. P -value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Good nutrition knowledge was observed in 69.7% of the respondents, while 60.0% had high dietary diversity. In multivariate analysis, secondary educational level (AOR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.29-0.97; p = 0.040) and earning a family monthly income of 31,000-60,000 (AOR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.11-4.06; p = 0.024) were predictors of good nutrition knowledge. Number of children in a household (AOR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.19-3.67) was predictive of high dietary diversity. Conclusions: Educational level and family monthly income are predictors of nutrition knowledge, while number of children in a household is a predictor of dietary diversity. Nutrition education should be incorporated into HIV care program targeting those with low educational levels and low family monthly incomes for improvement of their nutrition knowledge.","PeriodicalId":338023,"journal":{"name":"HIV & AIDS Review","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128576373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

What do Polish students know about HIV infections after 35 years of the first confirmed case? 在第一例确诊病例出现35年后，波兰学生对艾滋病毒感染了解多少?

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2022.119410

Anna Bohdziewicz, Magdalena Goździalska, T. Mikuła, A. Wiercińska-Drapało

引用次数: 0

Plasma and semen viral loads discordance in HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Tehran: an implication for a healthy pregnancy 德黑兰接受抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)的艾滋病毒阳性患者血浆和精液病毒载量差异:对健康妊娠的影响

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2022.120217

M. Hajiabdolbaghi, Seyedahmad Seyedalinaghi, S. Pashangzadeh, M. Gholami, Abbas Boosiraz, O. Dadras, M. Ashtiani, A. Gholami

引用次数: 0

Social stigma, discrimination, and their determinants among people living with HIV and AIDS in Sudurpashchim Province, Nepal 尼泊尔苏杜尔帕希姆省艾滋病毒和艾滋病感染者中的社会耻辱、歧视及其决定因素

HIV & AIDS Review Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5114/hivar.2022.117230

S. Chaudhary, S. Kakchapati