Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales最新文献

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La contribución de la mujer a los procesos de pacificación y su papel en la justicia transicional: los casos de Kosovo y Perú. 妇女对和平进程的贡献及其在过渡时期司法中的作用:科索沃和秘鲁的案例。
Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.6018/areas.528031
A. Serranò, Ana M. Jara Gómez
{"title":"La contribución de la mujer a los procesos de pacificación y su papel en la justicia transicional: los casos de Kosovo y Perú.","authors":"A. Serranò, Ana M. Jara Gómez","doi":"10.6018/areas.528031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/areas.528031","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to leave behind the narrow view that considers women only as victims of violence in post-conflict contexts and proposes to recognise their valuable contribution in the search for truth and justice. To this end, on the one hand, stressing that it does not yet consider women as a fundamental part of post-conflict peacebuilding, the international legal framework on women’s participation in peace processes will be examined. On the other hand, we will explore which mechanisms have been used by women in Kosovo and Peru in their respective transitional justice processes, showing that they have been an active and relevant collective actor in the struggle for the respect of human rights. Recognising women as an active agent in transitional justice processes would favour the real pacification of the territory, the healing of the wounds of the affected communities and their empowerment, placing them on an equal condition with men. \u0000\u0000 Este artículo pretende dejar atrás la visión reduccionista que considera a las mujeres sólo como víctimas de la violencia en contextos de posconflicto y propone reconocer su valiosa aportación en la búsqueda de la verdad y la justicia. Para ello, se examinará, por un lado, el marco jurídico internacional sobre la participación de las mujeres en los procesos de paz que, lamentablemente, aún no la considera como un actor fundamental en la pacificación posconflicto. Por otro lado, se explorará cuáles han sido, en la práctica, los mecanismos reales utilizados por las mujeres en Kosovo y Perú, en sus respectivos procesos de justicia transicional, durante los cuales las mujeres han demostrado ser un sujeto colectivo relevante en la lucha para el respeto de los derechos humanos. Reconocer a la mujer como un actor activo de los procesos de justicia transicional favorecería la real pacificación del territorio, la sanación de las heridas de las comunidades afectadas y su empoderamiento, poniéndola en una condición de igualdad con respeto al hombre.","PeriodicalId":337307,"journal":{"name":"Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":"57 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139536450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Work and illness: a disputed relationship (20th-century Spain) 工作与疾病:有争议的关系(20世纪的西班牙)
Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.6018/areas.511741
Arón Cohen, Agustín Fleta
{"title":"Work and illness: a disputed relationship (20th-century Spain)","authors":"Arón Cohen, Agustín Fleta","doi":"10.6018/areas.511741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/areas.511741","url":null,"abstract":"The concepts of occupational accident, and especially of professional illness, do not express concrete realities that are self-evident by name alone. The recognition of a “link” between work and illnesses has always been a much more gradual, more problematic process than that linking work and accidents in the strict sense of the word. \u0000In this article, we focus on the risks of becoming ill “on the occasion of or as a consequence of work”. In a review of a sample group of around 1,000 court sentences between 1936 and 1983, we analyse the influence of structural inertias, highlighting in particular the signs of change, in line with the evolution of legislation and the way it was interpreted by the courts. The changing social context is also taken into account.\u0000 El concepto de accidente de trabajo, y aún más el de enfermedad profesional, no designan realidades que se impongan invariablemente por su sola denominación. El reconocimiento de un \"nexo\" entre trabajo y enfermedades ha sido en todas partes mucho más tímido y dificultoso que el de los accidentes propiamente dichos. \u0000Con el objetivo puesto en los riesgos de enfermar \"con ocasión o por consecuencia del trabajo\", una muestra de un millar de sentencias judiciales, repartidas entre 1936 y 1983, comprueba el peso de inercias estructurales y se detiene en los signos de inflexión, en función de la evolución de la legislación de referencia, pero también de sus interpretaciones por los tribunales y de su contexto. \u0000Como expresión normalizada de hechos sociales (los riesgos del trabajo para la salud de quienes lo realizan), el \"riesgo profesional\" es un objeto en construcción, en un proceso más contradictorio que lineal.","PeriodicalId":337307,"journal":{"name":"Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121265511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Institutional Framework for Work in the Mines of Greece: Occupational Health and Safety and the case of Lead Poisoning (1861-1940) 希腊矿山工作体制框架:职业健康与安全以及铅中毒案例(1861-1940)
Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.6018/areas.492421
Leda Papastefanaki
{"title":"The Institutional Framework for Work in the Mines of Greece: Occupational Health and Safety and the case of Lead Poisoning (1861-1940)","authors":"Leda Papastefanaki","doi":"10.6018/areas.492421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/areas.492421","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates the historical formation of the institutional framework for work in the mines, regarding occupational health and safety. In a second level, the article focusses on the medical discourse in Greece about the specific occupational disease of lead poisoning and the role played by the state, mining companies and doctors in the recognition of the disease. In the formation of this framework and the regulations gender has played an important role. \u0000The definition of lead poisoning as an occupational disease given to the miners by specialist doctors was a political issue, which was determined in historical terms. Doctors used their scientific knowledge not only as a tool for the political economy of health, but also as a mean to combat the social question by reforms and total intervention in everyday life, work and leisure of the miners. In the case of the recognition of lead poisoning, a cultural confrontation which characterized the conflict between the educated middle class and the working class in Greece, since the end of 19th century, is apparent. \u0000The sources used are mainly the legislation, state reports by the Inspectorate of Mines and medical reports.\u0000 El artículo investiga la formación histórica del marco institucional para el trabajo en las minas en Grecia, con respecto a la salud y seguridad ocupacional. En un segundo nivel, el artículo se centra en el discurso médico en Grecia sobre la enfermedad profesional específica del envenenamiento por plomo y el papel jugado por el Estado, las empresas mineras y los médicos en el reconocimiento de la enfermedad.La definición de la intoxicación por plomo como enfermedad profesional dada a los mineros por médicos especialistas fue una cuestión política, que se determinó en términos históricos. Los médicos utilizaron su conocimiento científico no sólo como herramienta para la economía política de la salud, sino también como medio para combatir la cuestión social mediante reformas e intervención total en la vida cotidiana, el trabajo y el ocio de los mineros. En el caso del reconocimiento del envenenamiento por plomo, se evidencia una confrontación cultural que caracterizó el conflicto entre la clase media culta y la clase obrera en Grecia, desde finales del siglo XIX.Las fuentes utilizadas son principalmente la legislación, informes estatales de la Inspección de Minas e informes médicos.","PeriodicalId":337307,"journal":{"name":"Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122853628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Managing miners’ health: occupational diseases, scientific management and workers’ life in the Italian mines of Peñarroya (1920-1950) 管理矿工健康:Peñarroya意大利矿山的职业病、科学管理和工人生活(1920-1950)
Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.6018/areas.493751
Francesca Sanna
{"title":"Managing miners’ health: occupational diseases, scientific management and workers’ life in the Italian mines of Peñarroya (1920-1950)","authors":"Francesca Sanna","doi":"10.6018/areas.493751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/areas.493751","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of practices to protect miners’ health was slowly formalized in Europe beginning from the end of the 19th century. The legal pathway was equally long in all countries, especially in relation to the recognition of companies’ liability in the emergence of pathologies related to workplace morbidity . As there were no precise regulations and no medical agreement on the interpretation of certain diseases, health in the mine remained an ambiguous matter for mining companies, especially in relation with psycho-physical selection of workers and qualification of labour. In the interwar period, the problem of occupational health in the mines became more urgent, worsened by the introduction of scientific management and new extractive technologies. As showed by Paul André Rosenthal, silicosis became and it’s still today a global problem, both geographically and conceptually.In this paper we focus on the case of Italian mines of Pertusola, the Italian subsidiary of the greater group Peñarroya, which became one of the biggest European mining and metallurgical corporations in the first part of the 20th century. At the crossroads between the value of health and that of performance at work, a space was opened for the development of practices, tools, measures, and techniques to act on both performance and occupational health, via the materiality of the human body. By the analysis of the firm strategy and initiatives, this paper aims at clarifying the transformation of occupational health in a managerial issue.\u0000 La implementación de prácticas para proteger la salud de los mineros se formalizó lentamente en Europa a partir de finales del siglo XIX. El camino legal fue igualmente largo en todos los países, especialmente en relación con el reconocimiento de la responsabilidad de las empresas en la aparición de patologías relacionadas con la morbilidad laboral. Como no existían normas precisas ni acuerdo médico sobre la interpretación de ciertas enfermedades, la salud en la mina seguía siendo un tema ambiguo para las empresas mineras, especialmente en relación con la selección psicofísica de los trabajadores y la calificación de la mano de obra. En el período de entreguerras, el problema de la salud ocupacional en las minas se hizo más urgente, agravado por la introducción de la gestión científica y las nuevas tecnologías extractivas. Como mostró Paul André Rosenthal, la silicosis se convirtió y sigue siendo hoy en día un problema global, tanto geográfica como conceptualmente.En este artículo nos centramos en el caso de las minas italianas de Pertusola, la filial italiana del gran grupo Peñarroya, que se convirtió en una de las mayores corporaciones mineras y metalúrgicas europeas en la primera parte del siglo XX. En la encrucijada entre el valor de la salud y el del desempeño en el trabajo, se abrió un espacio para el desarrollo de prácticas, herramientas, medidas y técnicas para actuar tanto sobre el desempeño como sobre la salud ocupacional, a tra","PeriodicalId":337307,"journal":{"name":"Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128051247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety, Exploitation of Labour and Industrial Relations in an Italian mine in the 20th century 20世纪意大利矿山的安全、劳工剥削和劳资关系
Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.6018/areas.481771
Adolfo Turbanti
{"title":"Safety, Exploitation of Labour and Industrial Relations in an Italian mine in the 20th century","authors":"Adolfo Turbanti","doi":"10.6018/areas.481771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/areas.481771","url":null,"abstract":"The 1954, May 4th disaster of the Ribolla mine is one of the worst mine accidents ever happened in Italy. Italian mine activity has never been comparable to that in the most important industrialised countries. The lack of minerals has always been one of the greatest problems hindering industrial development. However, in the first half of the twentieth century and until the ‘70s, mineral extraction was a significant part of the national economy, employing many thousands of workers. More specifically, at first copper mines, later mainly pyrite ones, represented the basis for the development of Montecatini, the big Italian chemical monopoly. The Ribolla lignite mine was owned by the Montecatini company. The mine had a remarkable development during the Second World War and 1200 miners still worked there in 1954. The firedamp explosion caused 43 deaths and was matter of huge controversy and debate among trade unions and left political parties on the one hand and the Montecatini company on the other. Before the disaster, the miners' union had reported serious safety problems with regard to working methods. A deeper insight into the event began to emerge only many years later. In particular, studies based on part of the documents made available from the trial against Montecatini were published in 2005. After the disaster, Montecatini was forced to adopt safety measures and to invest money to improve the working conditions, particularly ventilation in the tunnels. However, the mine’s life had come to an end and some years later it was closed. My study will show how the mining company, trade unions, political parties and local governments acted after the mining disaster. For example, how industrial relations changed in the still open mines. In a social environment dominated by the left, the Montecatini had to abandon the authoritarian behaviour, which was probably derived from the fascist era. The left, on the other hand, had to renounce the most radical elements of their programmes, such as the nationalization of the mines.\u0000 La actividad minera italiana nunca ha sido comparable a la de los países industrializados más importantes. La falta de minerales siempre ha sido uno de los mayores problemas que han obtaculizado el desarrollo industrial. Sin embargo, en la primera mitad del siglo XX y hasta los años 70, la extracción de minerales fue una parte importante de la economía nacional, empleando a miles de trabajadores. Más específicamente, al principio las minas de cobre, luego principalmente las de pirita, representaron la base para el desarrollo de Montecatini, el gran monopolio químico italiano. La mina de lignito Ribolla, en la parte sur de la Toscana, también era propiedad de la Compañía Montecatini. La mina tuvo un desarrollo notable durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial y en mayo de 1954 todavía trabajaban 1.200 mineros. El desastre del 4 de mayo de 1954 en esa mina es uno de los peores accidentes mineros jamás ocurridos en Italia. La explosión de grisú","PeriodicalId":337307,"journal":{"name":"Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134433746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phosphate mining in the mining basin of Extremadura, 1865-1956 埃斯特雷马杜拉矿盆地的磷矿开采,1865-1956年
Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.6018/areas.505841
Jesús M. Martínez Milán
{"title":"Phosphate mining in the mining basin of Extremadura, 1865-1956","authors":"Jesús M. Martínez Milán","doi":"10.6018/areas.505841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/areas.505841","url":null,"abstract":"Although the presence of phosphate in Cáceres (Spain) was known from the eighteenth century, it was not until the mid-nineteenth century, with the discovery of single superphosphate, that Extremadura became one of the principal exporting centres of phosphate in Europe. However, at the end of the century, new phosphate deposits began to be exploited in the United States and Africa, which relegated the phosphate from Cáceres to a secondary position. In this study, we analyse phosphate mining in Spain, examining the characteristics of its deposits and the evolution of the mining operations. Furthermore, we highlight the paradox that, despite having phosphate deposits, in the twentieth century Spain was a net importer of phosphate rock.\u0000 Aunque la presencia de fosfato en Cáceres (España) se conocía desde el siglo XVIII, no fue hasta mediados del siglo XIX, con el descubrimiento del superfosfato simple, cuando Extremadura se convirtió en uno de los principales centros exportadores de fosfato de Europa, hasta que a finales de la centuria se pusieron en marcha nuevos yacimientos de fosfato en Estados Unidos y África que relegaron al fosfato cacereño a un segundo plano. En este trabajo abordamos el estudio de la minería del fosfato en España, analizando las características de sus yacimientos y la evolución de las explotaciones mineras. En él destacamos la paradoja de que, a pesar de contar con yacimientos de fosfatos, España fue un país en el siglo XX netamente importador de mineral de roca fosfática.","PeriodicalId":337307,"journal":{"name":"Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123309701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New contributions to the analysis of the environmental and social effects of mining in Southern Europe 对分析南欧采矿的环境和社会影响的新贡献
Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.6018/areas.552811
J. G. García Gómez, Á. M. Martínez Soto, Miguel Pérez de Perceval Verde
{"title":"New contributions to the analysis of the environmental and social effects of mining in Southern Europe","authors":"J. G. García Gómez, Á. M. Martínez Soto, Miguel Pérez de Perceval Verde","doi":"10.6018/areas.552811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/areas.552811","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the different theories that explain the contribution of mining to economic development throughout history and the factors that determine the evolution of this sector in the long term. It then explains the influence that this productive activity has on the location of economic activity, especially industry. The paper then presents a brief interpretation of the evolution of mining throughout history and explores the positive and negative consequences of mining in the areas where it is carried out, with emphasis on environmental, social, labour and health conditions. Finally, new contributions to the study of the socio-environmental effects of mining in Southern Europe during industrialisation are presented.\u0000 Este artículo analiza las distintas teorías que explican la contribución de la minería al desarrollo económico a lo largo de la historia, y los factores que determinan la evolución de dicho sector en el largo plazo. Tras ello, se estudia la influencia que esta actividad productiva tiene en la localización de la actividad económica, especialmente de la industria. A continuación, el trabajo presenta una breve interpretación de la evolución de la minería a lo largo de la Historia, y profundiza en las consecuencias positivas y negativas de ésta en las zonas en las que se lleva a cabo, haciendo hincapié en las condiciones medioambientales, sociales, laborales y de salud. Finalmente, se presentan nuevas contribuciones para el estudio de los efectos socio ambientales de la minería en el sur de Europa durante la industrialización","PeriodicalId":337307,"journal":{"name":"Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132718053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Ore is Gone, but the Silicosis Remains: Mining Health and Risk Perception in Portugal in first half of the 20th Century 矿石不见了,矽肺病还在:20世纪上半叶葡萄牙的矿业健康与风险认知
Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.6018/areas.476241
P. Guimarães
{"title":"The Ore is Gone, but the Silicosis Remains: Mining Health and Risk Perception in Portugal in first half of the 20th Century","authors":"P. Guimarães","doi":"10.6018/areas.476241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/areas.476241","url":null,"abstract":"The pattern of health risk perception among Portuguese mineworkers changed during the twentieth century, as did forms of state intervention and risk management. Up to the mid-20th century, mining accidents, risks and the need for sickness assistance promoted different healthcare models. Mining companies offered medical and pharmaceutical assistance, and, during the First Republic, the state introduced compulsory social insurance and other labour legislation. The health assistance offered by trade unions was integrated into the general health system during New State (1934–74). From the 1950s on, the legal struggle for recognition of silicosis as a debilitating occupational disease made mine owners accountable. This paper traces this historical experience, the significant path leading to the institutionalization of occupational medicine, health systems and social support in Portugal.\u0000 El patrón de percepción del riesgo para la salud entre los mineros portugueses cambió durante el siglo XX, al igual que las formas de intervención estatal y gestión del riesgo. Hasta mediados del siglo XX, los accidentes mineros, los riesgos y la necesidad de asistencia por enfermedad impulsaron diferentes modelos de salud. Las empresas mineras ofrecieron asistencia médica y farmacéutica y, durante la Primera República, el estado introdujo el Seguro Social Obligatorio y otras leyes laborales. La asistencia sanitaria ofrecida por los sindicatos se integró en el sistema general de salud durante el Estado Novo (1934-1974). De la década de 1950, la lucha legal por el reconocimiento de la silicosis como una enfermedad ocupacional debilitante hizo que los propietarios de las minas fueran responsables. Este artículo traza esta experiencia histórica, el camino significativo que conduce a la institucionalización de la medicina del trabajo, los sistemas de salud y el apoyo social en Portugal.","PeriodicalId":337307,"journal":{"name":"Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115545209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
La mediación de conflictos y sus aportaciones al cambio sociocultural de la familia mexicana 冲突的调解及其对墨西哥家庭社会文化变革的贡献
Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.6018/areas.488621
Emilia Iglesias Ortuño, Cristina Ulloa Espinosa
{"title":"La mediación de conflictos y sus aportaciones al cambio sociocultural de la familia mexicana","authors":"Emilia Iglesias Ortuño, Cristina Ulloa Espinosa","doi":"10.6018/areas.488621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/areas.488621","url":null,"abstract":"Mexican families have experienced constant changes since the last century, mainly related to the composition of families, roles attributed to each member, especially gender roles, and the bonding process among generations coexisting in a living unit. In addition, there are other changes related to larger-scale social change phenomena, such as migration from rural to urban areas and migration abroad that has divided families. And the cultural diversity of the country is characterized by contradictions between traditional behaviour and the modern Mexican context. All these changes represent challenges to 21st-century families who must search for strategies to favour personal interactions and their relationship with a changing context. A key element to maintaining family well-being is communication needed to express needs, demonstrate affection and bond, and is essential to peaceful conflict management. In this regard, alternative conflict resolution methods, particularly mediation, are considered helpful mechanisms to enhance communication among family members. Through mediation, an impartial third party assists families to improve and implement their communication abilities aimed at decision making and internal conflict management. Therefore, mediation is a significant resource to develop intrafamily communication and to strengthen healthy family development.\u0000 El cambio social de la familia mexicana es una constante que acompaña los procesos de transformación social desde el Siglo XX hasta la actualidad. El cambio social en la familia se constata principalmente en la configuración familiar o arreglos familiares; los roles atribuidos a cada miembro, especialmente de género; y en los procesos de vinculación intergeneracional en las unidades de convivencia. Pero, además de estos elementos, se consideran determinantes y, en cierto modo característicos de las familias mexicanas, los que refieren a los fenómenos migratorios que han dividido familias; los procesos de traslado del espacio rural a las ciudades; así como la diversidad étnica como elemento garante de las tradiciones culturales a pesar de la continua contradicción con el contexto mexicano más moderno. Todos estos cambios suponen un importante reto para las familias del siglo XXI que deberán esforzarse para buscar estrategias que favorezcan sus interacciones personales y su relación con el contexto cambiante en el que se desarrollan. Un elemento clave para el mantenimiento del bienestar familiar es la comunicación familiar interna, que servirá de base para la transmisión de necesidades, la demostración del afecto y el vínculo, además de mecanismo para la negociación de conflictos de forma pacífica y constructiva. Para potenciar la comunicación en la familia, los Métodos Alternos de la Solución de Conflictos, en particular la Mediación, se conciben como un espacio neutral donde la familia será asistida por un tercero imparcial para desarrollar, mejorar e implementar sus habilidades comunicativa","PeriodicalId":337307,"journal":{"name":"Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115543653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
La familia: sujeto y objeto del cambio social 家庭:社会变化的主体和客体
Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.6018/areas.506351
Isabel Marín Gómez, Manuela Áviles Hernández
{"title":"La familia: sujeto y objeto del cambio social","authors":"Isabel Marín Gómez, Manuela Áviles Hernández","doi":"10.6018/areas.506351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/areas.506351","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":337307,"journal":{"name":"Áreas. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117244565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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