Terapevt (General Physician)最新文献

{"title":"Phenotypic variants of occupational bronchial asthma (immune profile, cytokines, diagnosis and prognosis)","authors":"S. A. Babanov, L. Strizhakov, A. G. Baykova, A. Agarkova","doi":"10.33920/med-12-2402-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2402-07","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, occupational bronchial asthma is considered as a phenotypically and genotypically heterogeneous disease. The assessment of immunological characteristics opens up new opportunities in assessing the disease development, predicting the characteristics of the course, and establishing a personalized approach to pharmacotherapy of occupational asthma, as well as in developing an individual strategy for its prevention. The purpose of the study is to determine immunological markers of the risk of developing occupational bronchial asthma under conditions of exposure to sensitizing substances for various phenotypes of this disease. Materials and methods. The study included 170 patients with various phenotypes of occupational asthma and 50 participants in the control group. The levels of immunoglobulins A, M, and G in serum were determined by the Mancini technique (radial immunodiffusion). The determination of the levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, MCP- 1, and IFN-γ, total IgE, C-reactive protein, and fibronectin in blood serum was carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using kits and reagents (OOO Proteinovy Kontur, Vektor-Best, Diateks-E, DIA-plus, Pharmacia diagnostika). To study the content of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in blood serum, we used a sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a set of reagents from eBioscience. Genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction using primers and probes developed with the PrimerQuest program (Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc.). Results. For the first time, the study has established the features of immunological manifestations in allergic and non-allergic phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma, as well as the phenotypes of the combination of occupational asthma with occupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and metabolic syndrome. The features of the formation, pathogenesis, and prognosis of various phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma have been identified. This allows recommending the determination of these immunological parameters during in-depth periodic medical examinations of workers exposed to sensitizing and irritating substances for differential diagnosis of various occupational asthma phenotypes in a specialized inpatient examination. Limitations of the study. The study has regional (Samara Region) and professional (in terms of detailing working conditions in the studied comparison groups) limitations. Conclusion. The identified immunological features in various phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma and the established profiles of occupational asthma genotypes can optimize the approach to early diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, and pharmacotherapy of this disease, as well as expand the list of immunological research indicators used during preliminary and periodic medical examinations, in-depth examination of patients with occupational asthma in occupational disease clinics and occupatio","PeriodicalId":337181,"journal":{"name":"Terapevt (General Physician)","volume":"34 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possibilities of using amiodarone in thyroid pathology","authors":"G. Shavkuta, T. V. Shnyukova, N. V. Yakovleva, V. M. Pakhomova, V. V. Shnyukov, A. A. Cherkashin","doi":"10.33920/med-12-2402-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2402-03","url":null,"abstract":"Amiodarone is currently the most effective drug for life-threatening arrhythmias, however, the instructions for its use indicate thyroid dysfunction (hypothyroidism, hyper thyroidism) as contraindications. Due to the high iodine content, amiodarone can cause damage to the thyroid gland (with the development of hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis) in 15–20 % of patients. Before starting amiodarone therapy, it is necessary to assess the pa tient's thyroid status with mandatory determination of thyroid-stimulating hormone. In cases where amiodarone is prescribed for primary or secondary prevention of fatal ventricular arrhythmias or when discontinuation of the drug is impossible for other reasons (any form of arrhythmias that occurs with severe clinical symptoms that cannot be eliminated by other means of antiarrhythmic therapy), compensation for impaired thyroid function is carried out while continuing amiodarone intake.","PeriodicalId":337181,"journal":{"name":"Terapevt (General Physician)","volume":"19 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical trials through the eyes of Muscovites","authors":"N. Vyatkina, A. Krasnova, P. M. Borisova","doi":"10.33920/med-12-2402-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2402-01","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical trials is an actively developing field of medicine, and Moscow where the key bases for the development, conduct, and registration of the results of trials are located can rightfully be called its center. Residents of the capital constitute the main cohort of the population recruited as volunteers for clinical trials conducted in this region. However, existing fears and myths surrounding the field of clinical trials act as a barrier to attracting new participants. The article presents the results of a medical and sociological study (questionnaire survey) of Moscow residents on their perception of the field of clinical trials, as well as factors of attractiveness and existing fears (anxieties) regarding participation in them. The image of clinical trials in the eyes of Muscovites plays an important role in conducting research, attracting the required number of participants, and forming a trusting attitude of the population towards this field of medicine.","PeriodicalId":337181,"journal":{"name":"Terapevt (General Physician)","volume":"8 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, genetic and microbiological aspects in patients with atopic dermatitis and ichthyosis","authors":"S. Mavlyanova, M. M. Eshniyazov, A. Ismogilov","doi":"10.33920/med-12-2402-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2402-06","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a comparative assessment of microbiological, clinical, and genetic aspects in patients with atopic dermatitis and ichthyosis. The results of a study in 62 patients with atopic dermatitis and 19 patients with ichthyosis showed that there was a phenomenon of persistence of opportunistic microorganisms Staphylococcus spp. in skin lesion foci. Thus, in the group of the patients with ichthyosis, the development of persistent forms of bacterial infection caused by MRCoNS is noted in 69.2 % of cases, and in the patients with atopic dermatitis, an invasive form of MRSA-associated bacterial sensitization is found in 49.2 % of cases.","PeriodicalId":337181,"journal":{"name":"Terapevt (General Physician)","volume":"30 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of arthritis and arthrosis in children.Why are osteobiotics needed after antibiotics?","authors":"M. Sergeeva-Kondrachenko, L. A. Musatova, N. Y. Alekseeva, L. G. Radchenko, D. G. Elistratov, P. Poluboyarinov, O. S. Gorina, A. A. Pronkina, S. S. Burmistrova","doi":"10.33920/med-12-2402-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2402-05","url":null,"abstract":"Among the numerous side effects of antibiotic therapy, disorders in the work of the osteoarticular system occupy a separate and insufficiently studied niche. The article examines the effect of antibiotics on bone and cartilage tissue in children. A method for the prevention and therapy of drug-induced osteoarticular pathologies by means of a new group of drugs, osteobiotics, is proposed.","PeriodicalId":337181,"journal":{"name":"Terapevt (General Physician)","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volunteers in bioequivalence clinical trials: premises for participation. Part 1","authors":"N. Vyatkina, A. Krasnova, P. M. Borisova","doi":"10.33920/med-12-2402-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2402-02","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical trials, as an integral stage of the creation of any drug, require volunteers who are ready to go through the testing stage. Clearly, participation in a trial of any drug carries certain health risks, which makes it difficult to recruit volunteers. Development companies use various methods to stimulate potential participants, including regular monitoring of health status, creation of comfortable living conditions, free treatment, financial compensation for risks, etc. Particularly relevant for manufacturing companies is the recruitment of volunteers in case of conducting a bioequivalence phase study, when an already known drug, planned for release under a different brand (name), is being tested. The article presents the results of interviews with volunteers in order to study their motivation to participate in clinical trials of the bioequivalence phase, their experience of such participation, as well as opinions regarding the organization of clinical trials in the Russian Federation. The results of the study demonstrate a high level of interest among the volunteers to regularly participate in bioequivalence studies due to their relative safety for health, as well as financial interest and comfortable organization of the trial process. The socio-demographic profile of the “bioequivalence phase volunteer” is described, and the tendency towards the formation of a community of volunteers with experience of repeated participation in clinical trials for financial reward is identified.","PeriodicalId":337181,"journal":{"name":"Terapevt (General Physician)","volume":"308 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organization of cervical cancer screening in African countries as a direction of cooperation within the SDGS","authors":"S. I. Mozgovoy, T. V. Yakubenko, O. Yakubenko","doi":"10.33920/med-12-2402-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2402-04","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the indicators of early cancer detection in progressive and crisis countries in Africa. An analysis of the possible causes of the low detection rate and five-year survival of patients in crisis countries is made. The ways of possible cooperation with the Russian Federation on the way to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals are outlined. According to the United Nations, the African continent includes 54 indepen dent states. Most of them were colonized and had external control of major European countries — Great Britain, France, Germany, and others. In the middle of the 20th century, the process of gaining the independence by African countries began. Nevertheless, to date, the influence of European countries on many spheres of life on the African continent con tinues to persist. African countries have a large gap in socio-economic indicators and are very heterogeneous. Among them, progressive countries can be distinguished — those with experience in effective strategies for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Such countries include the Republic of Seychelles, Equatorial Guinea, the Repub lic of South Africa, and others. The Russian Federation has strong partnership relations with the Republic of South Africa within the framework of the interstate united group BRICS. Along with the progressive countries, it is necessary to identify crisis countries that have not yet developed experience in effectively achieving the SDGs. Crisis states have many socio-economic issues, low per capita incomes, and big problems in the orga nization of education and health care. These countries include the Republic of Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, and others. The interaction of countries can be aimed at training personnel for the healthcare system of African countries, developing standards for the early detection of oncolog ical diseases of the most typical localizations for African countries, and working out treatment protocols. The possibilities of interaction of the Department of Pathological Anatomy, Omsk State Medical University, and crisis countries of the African continent on the introduction of innovative developments are analyzed. These programs require political, economic, scientific, technological, and socio-cultural cooperation between Russia and African countries.","PeriodicalId":337181,"journal":{"name":"Terapevt (General Physician)","volume":"35 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140452839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burnout syndrome as a pressing medical and social issue","authors":"Y. Boldyreva, I. Lebedev, E. A. Gavrilenko","doi":"10.33920/med-12-2401-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2401-04","url":null,"abstract":"The work presents a pressing problem for doctors of any specialty — burnout syndrome. It is important to be able to prevent the development of burnout and overcome it correctly. Rationale. This problem is generally recognized. Meanwhile, in the literature these issues are reflected somewhat scat teredly; there is no systematization. Purpose. Considering the sources by Russian and foreign authors aimed at studying the relationship between doctors’ burnout and the coping strategies that they use. Methods. A literature search of Russian and foreign authors was carried out; the obtained data were analyzed and summarized. Results. In the course of working with a patient, the doctor is involved in this process not only as a specialist demonstrating his/her professional skills and curing this or that pathological condition, but also becomes involved emotionally. Moreover, if, when working with a patient, the doctor is emotionally invested in the situation more than the patient himself/herself and chooses an interpretative or paternalistic model of relationship, this will contribute to the development of burnout and, over time, in the absence of preventive measures, lead to the burnout progression. In this regard, a doctor of any specialty must remember it and select these models of interaction with the patient as a last resort and for a short time, or use these models at the very beginning of the disease, when the patient cannot yet accept his/her new condition. A major role in resolving this issue is played by informing specialists about the early signs of burnout and risk factors, getting emotional support from colleagues and management, and taking training sessions aimed at acquiring skills to cope with stressful situations. Conclusion. Despite the fact that burnout has been known and actively studied for many years, and that there has been some success in solving this issue, the problem is still relevant in modern society among specialists whose work activities are carried out in the person-to-person sphere, primarily among doctors. The use of coping strategies will improve the level of psychological health of the employee and the effectiveness of the provided assistance and reduce the prevalence of iatrogenics.","PeriodicalId":337181,"journal":{"name":"Terapevt (General Physician)","volume":"115 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective therapy for menopausal syndrome without hormones and side effects. Illusion? Reality!","authors":"O. P. Vinogradova, M. Sergeeva-Kondrachenko, O. Biryuchkova, E. S. Panina, E. V. Petrova, O. S. Gorina, D. G. Elistratov","doi":"10.33920/med-12-2401-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2401-03","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the problems of the menopausal transition period that cause a woman significant discomfort and reduce her quality of life, characterizes the most common methods of treating menopausal syndrome, and suggests possible reasons for their lack of effectiveness. Femoklim, a fundamentally new anti-menopausal drug for the treatment of complications of age-related hormonal changes, is analyzed. It takes due regard to all possible mechanisms of the occurrence of menopausal syndrome, has a complex versatile effect on the female body, and does not provoke the development of cancer.","PeriodicalId":337181,"journal":{"name":"Terapevt (General Physician)","volume":"102 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma: external respiration status and quality of life","authors":"S. A. Babanov, A. G. Baykova, L. Strizhakov, A. Agarkova","doi":"10.33920/med-12-2401-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33920/med-12-2401-01","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of external respiration indicators and quality of life of patients with different phenotypes of occupational asthma was carried out (according to the analysis of the results of the MOS SF-36 questionnaire). In the patients with all phenotypes of the disease, there was a decrease in forced expiratory parameters in all phenotypes of occupational bronchial asthma, as well as in indicators of both mental and physical health relative to the control group (p<0.001). Notably, the worst indicators of quality of life were demonstrated by the patients with the phenotype of occupational asthma with metabolic syndrome. The individuals in this group had the lowest average scores on 6 out of 8 questionnaire scales, and significant differences were confirmed on 5 scales: these are the scales of physical functioning, general health, vital activity, social functioning, and role functioning due to emotional state. The quality of life was least affected in the patients with non-allergic phenotype of occupational bronchial asthma: the results of this group turned out to be the best among the patients with all disease phenotypes on 5 scales, and the patients scored significantly the highest on 4 of these scales.","PeriodicalId":337181,"journal":{"name":"Terapevt (General Physician)","volume":"106 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}