ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic)最新文献

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Blended Finance for State-led Decarbonization: How Public Interventions Direct Private Finance towards Green Investments 国家主导的脱碳混合融资:公共干预如何引导私人资金走向绿色投资
ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-07-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3895653
E. Choi, S. In
{"title":"Blended Finance for State-led Decarbonization: How Public Interventions Direct Private Finance towards Green Investments","authors":"E. Choi, S. In","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3895653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3895653","url":null,"abstract":"Blended finance has gained traction in recent years as a promising solution to bridge the funding gap in transitioning to a decarbonized economy. Yet, there exists little guidance and knowledge on the “how,” especially in the specific country contexts. This paper examines the Republic of Korea as a case study and the government’s efforts to trigger the introduction and institutionalization of green finance for decarbonizing its economy. Focusing on the design of incentives and institutions by the public sector to manage risks and catalyze private capital, we draw necessary conditions for successful application of blended finance. First, consensus building between public and private investors can facilitate harmonizing and internalizing the concept and practice of green finance. Second, designating a dedicated coordinating agency for green finance activities can reduce fragmentation and promote the efficient allocation of capital in the economy. Third, instituting stringent reporting standards and monitoring and evaluation framework can ensure climate finance is allocated to impactful projects and sectors. Lastly, climate-related sectors, such as energy, should be structurally conducive to private investment and activities. State-led approach may be rapid in execution, but it should also be accompanied by these measures to direct private finance towards green investments and scale the impact.","PeriodicalId":337103,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114287780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Political Effect of Oil Revenues in Azerbaijan: Repression 石油收入在阿塞拜疆的政治影响:镇压
ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-02-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3787092
G. Ibadoghlu
{"title":"The Political Effect of Oil Revenues in Azerbaijan: Repression","authors":"G. Ibadoghlu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3787092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3787092","url":null,"abstract":"A significant share of the state budget of Azerbaijan is spent on the welfare of those participating in repressions and falsification of elections. Thus, the regime puts these groups under its control and increases the repressive impacts of oil revenues.","PeriodicalId":337103,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125034853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Перекрестная симметрия и асимметрия, как понимание механизмов социальной устойчивости и социальных потрясений (Cross Symmetry and Asymmetry Approach to Understanding the Mechanisms of Social Stability and Social Upheaval). 以交叉对称和不对称方法了解社会稳定和社会动荡的机制。
ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3764029
I. Togunov
{"title":"Перекрестная симметрия и асимметрия, как понимание механизмов социальной устойчивости и социальных потрясений (Cross Symmetry and Asymmetry Approach to Understanding the Mechanisms of Social Stability and Social Upheaval).","authors":"I. Togunov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3764029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3764029","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> В статье представлено понимание сущности перекрестной<br>симметрии и асимметрии в функционировании и эволюции государства как<br>системы. <br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> The article presents understanding of the essence of chiasm symmetry and asymmetry in the functioning and evolution of the state as a system.<br>","PeriodicalId":337103,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134113045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Алгоритмы и методы для системы управления рисками в государственных закупках (Algorithms and methods for a risk management system in public procurement)
ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-12-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3792741
Aleksey Rey, Ekaterina Andronova, A. Shatilov, Dmitry Gordeev, Dmitriy Shagarov, D. V. Filippov
{"title":"Алгоритмы и методы для системы управления рисками в государственных закупках (Algorithms and methods for a risk management system in public procurement)","authors":"Aleksey Rey, Ekaterina Andronova, A. Shatilov, Dmitry Gordeev, Dmitriy Shagarov, D. V. Filippov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3792741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3792741","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian abstract:</b> В РФ информационные системы, аккумулирующие информацию о государственных закупках, радикально повышают степень открытости государства и позволяют экономистам искать ответы на многие открытые теоретические вопросы микроэкономики и экономики государственного сектора.<br><br><b>English abstract:</b> In the Russian Federation of information systems that accumulate information on public procurement, radically improves the degree of openness of the state and allows economists to seek answers to many open theoretical questions of microeconomics and public sector economics.","PeriodicalId":337103,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133646998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
False Hopes and Blind Beliefs: How Political Connections Affect China's Corporate Bond Market 虚假的希望与盲目的信念:政治关系如何影响中国公司债券市场
ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-11-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3419836
D. Schweizer, Thomas Walker, Aoran Zhang
{"title":"False Hopes and Blind Beliefs: How Political Connections Affect China's Corporate Bond Market","authors":"D. Schweizer, Thomas Walker, Aoran Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3419836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3419836","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper explores whether and how political connections affect the market for corporate bonds issued by privately owned enterprises (POEs) in China. We test two competing theories – the zero-default myth and the borrower channel theory – that offer alternative explanations for the effect of political connections on the likelihood of bond issuance, the costs of refinancing, the market reaction to a bond issue announcement, and the performance of the firm after the bond has been issued. Using a sample of Chinese POEs from 2007 to 2016, we show that – in line with the zero-default myth theory – politically connected POEs are more likely to issue corporate bonds as a debt financing instrument than their non-connected counterparts. They also achieve lower coupon rates (i.e., lower refinancing costs), despite exhibiting lower overall performance after bond issuance. We find that investors react positively to corporate bond-issuing announcements if the issuing firm is politically connected. At the same time, our research indicates that politically connected bond-issuing POEs in China have weaker corporate governance and a surprisingly higher default probability than non-connected issuers.","PeriodicalId":337103,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132635477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
China’s Transnational Impact 中国的跨国影响
ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-06-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3626173
Ya-Wen Lei
{"title":"China’s Transnational Impact","authors":"Ya-Wen Lei","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3626173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3626173","url":null,"abstract":"The Chinese Party-state’s extraterritorial influence in and beyond the media landscape has important consequences for political life and engagement outside of China. What has been changing rapidly in recent years is the Chinese state’s exercised of many of its governance techniques outside of China. Although the Chinese state does not enjoy a monopoly of violence outside of China’s territory, it is able to leverage the dependence of foreign individuals and entities on China and Chinese actors. Clearly, the Chinese Party-state has extraterritorial influence on media—including but not limited to media outlets, social media, production companies, and academic publishers—and a variety of other actors and institutions outside of China. This influence can have enormous effects on how people exercise their freedom of speech, expression, and association, as well as how they engage in political, civic, and intellectual life.","PeriodicalId":337103,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133997775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Taxation Trends in Western Balkans, 2020 西巴尔干地区税收趋势,2020年
ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-06-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3637612
Eduart Gjokutaj, Aurela Gjokutaj
{"title":"Taxation Trends in Western Balkans, 2020","authors":"Eduart Gjokutaj, Aurela Gjokutaj","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3637612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3637612","url":null,"abstract":"The publication aims to present and compare the tax systems for six countries in West Balkans according to the tax policies and tax rates in 2020. The work includes the common and different elements of 6 tax systems and also new developments, investment incentives and rules about doing business in Western Balkans.<br><br>The treatment of fiscal and financial incentives is presented as a special part for every country, highlighting the importance of that policy measure for investors.<br><br>Every chapter is dedicated of the whole tax system of one country of western Balkans.<br><br>Domestic tax rules for the taxation of cross-border income generally address two situations: the taxation of outbound investments of resident companies, and the taxation of inbound investments of non-resident companies. <br><br>The PE concept effectively acts as a threshold which, by measuring the level of economic presence of a foreign enterprise in a given country through objective criteria, determines the circumstances in which the foreign enterprise can be considered sufficiently integrated into the economy of a state to justify taxation in that state.<br><br>Some countries determine the residence of a corporation based on formal criteria such as place of incorporation. In other countries, the residence of a corporation is determined by reference factual criteria such as place of effective management or similar concepts. Some countries have mixed systems, where there is both a place of incorporation test and a place of effective management test.<br><br>The chapters discuss the most important principles of tax policy that have traditionally guided the development of tax systems in Western Balkans for the last three decades. It is also is provided an overview of the principles underlying corporate income tax, focusing primarily on the taxation of cross-border income both under domestic laws and in the context of tax treaties. <br><br>There are presented the forms of income taxes. Income tax is generally due on the net income realized by the taxpayer over an income period. Income taxes are levied at the place of source.<br><br>The tax base for it is defined in a variety of ways. Corporate income tax (CIT) generally relies on a broad tax base, formulated to encompass all types of income derived by the corporation whatever their nature, which encompasses the normal return on equity capital.<br><br>An important dedication is the describing of indirect taxes, as an overview of the design features of value-added tax, excise duties, and custom duties.","PeriodicalId":337103,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128536950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Myth of Soft Budget Constraints in Socialist Economies 社会主义经济软预算约束的神话
ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-04-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3581842
V. Popov
{"title":"A Myth of Soft Budget Constraints in Socialist Economies","authors":"V. Popov","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3581842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3581842","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the time the budget constraints in the socialist economies were harder than in developing countries and no less hard than in developed countries. The soft budget constraints (SBC) in socialist economies were not pervasive, as most authors believe, but selective, i.e. involved subsidization of some enterprises/industries at the expense of the other. This type of selective subsidization is a classic case of industrial policy: it may be good or bad, leading to success (China, Vietnam) or failure (USSR, Eastern Europe), but cannot be regarded as an intrinsic feature of the socialist centrally planned economy and an example of pervasive SBC. \u0000 \u0000Pervasive SBC should be associated with permanent government budget deficit, debt accumulation, high inflation and other forms of macroeconomic populism. In the Soviet Union in the post-war period (after the monetary reform of 1947 and until the Gorbachev financial and monetary expansion that started in 1987) budget deficit and debt were very low, open and hidden inflation was less than several percent a year – a better record than in most Western countries. But in the 1990s in Russia, other former Soviet republics and most East European countries budget constraints were weakened dramatically and inflation increased to hundreds and thousands percent a year. \u0000 \u0000SBC is just one type of this populist macroeconomic policy that was rare in socialist countries, but is found in abundance in many developing countries (especially Latin America and Sub-Sahara Africa) and transition economies (especially FSU states).","PeriodicalId":337103,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"168 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121403148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Study on the Establishment of China-Russia Free Trade Zone under the One Belt And One Road Initiative “一带一路”倡议下建立中俄自由贸易区的研究
ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2020-03-31 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3574533
Xiaoxun Guo, Xiang Li, Feifei Wang
{"title":"Study on the Establishment of China-Russia Free Trade Zone under the One Belt And One Road Initiative","authors":"Xiaoxun Guo, Xiang Li, Feifei Wang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3574533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3574533","url":null,"abstract":"China’s One Belt and One Road initiative is meaningful in building new types of international relations. China and Russia share similarities in their histories of development, industrial structures, and geographical locations, which are instrumental in building the China-Russia Free Trade Zone. However, the existing structure of the merchandise trade between the two countries lacks variety. Additionally, the protectionist trade policy creates barriers to the set-up of the China-Russia Free Trade Zone. Nevertheless, building the China-Russia Free Trade Zone promotes the development of One Belt and One Road and the common progress of China and Russia and benefits the whole world. Therefore, establishing One Belt and One Road-based China-Russia Free Trade Zone is presented with both opportunities and challenges.","PeriodicalId":337103,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122648653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
2016년 대북제재 이후 북한경제 변화와 신남북협력 방향 (Changes in the North Korean Economy and Guidelines to New Strategies of Inter-Korean Cooperation after UNSCR since 2016) 2016年对朝制裁后朝鲜经济变化与新南北合作方向(Changes in the North Korean Economy and Guidelines to New Strategies of Inter-Korean Cooperation after UNSCR since 2016)
ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2019-12-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3705149
Jangho Choi, Yoojeong Choi, Bumhwan Kim, Sooho Lim
{"title":"2016년 대북제재 이후 북한경제 변화와 신남북협력 방향 (Changes in the North Korean Economy and Guidelines to New Strategies of Inter-Korean Cooperation after UNSCR since 2016)","authors":"Jangho Choi, Yoojeong Choi, Bumhwan Kim, Sooho Lim","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3705149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3705149","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Korean Abstract:</b> 이 연구는 북한경제의 변화 동향과 가능성을 파악하고 새로운 남북경제협력 분야와 방안을 모색하였다. 이를 위하여 김정은 위원장 집권 이후 새로이 발표된 경제 정책의 성과와 그것이 어떤 모습으로 북한경제에 나타나고 있는지를 분석하였다. 또한 체제전환국의 경제 체제전환 경험을 바탕으로 현재 북한의 개혁개방 정책의 수준을 평가한 후 새로운 환경하에서 남북 협력 방안을 모색하였다. 먼저, 제2장에서는 최근 북한경제 정책과 제도 변화를 살펴보았다. 김정은 위원장은 집권후 자원 배분 메커니즘과 자원 배분의 우선순위를 개선하였다. 첫째, 자원 배분 메커니즘 개혁을위해 ‘우리식 경제관리방법’으로 하부 생산 단위의 경영 자율성을 대폭 확대하였다. 둘째, 자원배분 우선순위 개혁을 위해 경제ㆍ핵 병진노선을 사회주의 경제건설 총력 집중 노선으로 변경하였고, 군수 분야에 대한 투자 비중을 축소하면서 민수 분야에 대한 투자를 확대한 것으로 추정된다.셋째, 대외개방 조치로 총 27개의 경제특구를 지정하여 과감한 외자유치 정책을 추진하였으나, 제재로 인해 현재까지 별다른 성과를 거두지는 못하였다. 넷째, 수입대체, 즉 국산화 정책을 강하게 추진하여 소비재와 경공업 설비 부문에서 일정한 성과를 거두었다. 이러한 일련의 조치는 중국의 개혁 초기에 버금가거나 조금 더 진척된 것으로 사료되나 구체적인 상황은 파악되지 않고 있다. 향후 여건이 조성되어 남북경협이 재개되는 경우 이러한 북한의 최근 경제 정책 변화를 반영할 필요가 있다. 제3장에서는 김정은 정권의 경제 정책과 제도 변화가 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는지 정략적으로 분석하기 위하여 북한의 수입액을 네 가지 측면에서 살펴보았다. 첫째, 김정일 집권기와 김정은 집권기 수입의 질적⋅양적 변화를 분석하였는데, 두 집권기 사이에 구조적인 변화는 발생하지 않았고 연속선상에서 이루어지고 있었다. 둘째, 김정은 집권기 동안 북한의 중간재 수입이 크게 감소한 반면 소비재 수입은 크게 증가하는 추세를 보이고 있는데, 이는 제재로 한국과 중국의 대북 투자가 감소하였고, 동시에 북한 내부적으로 일부 중간재를 자체 생산하면서 그 수입이 감소한 것으로 보인다. 셋째, 기술수준별 분석 결과, 김정은 집권 이후 과학기술 중시 정책의 영향으로 중저위기술과 중고위기술 품목의 성장이 두드러졌다. 그러나 제재로 중저위기술과 중고위기술 품목의 수입이 급감하면서 과학기술 중시 정책의 성과가 부진한 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 북한의 중간재 수입을 북한 내 기업 분포와 연계하여 분석한 결과, 김정은 위원장 집권 이후 평양에 대한 경제 집중도가 커지고 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 분석 결과 김정은 위원장의 새로운 경제 정책은 김정일 위원장의 정책과 연속선상에서 추진된 것으로 파악되었으며, 초기에는 소기의 성과를 거두었으나, 제재가 강화된 이후 악영향을 받은 것으로 보인다. 남북경협은 김정은 위원장이 추진하고 있는 경제 정책의 성과에 기여할 수 있다는 점에서 북한에게는 경협 재개의 유인이 있을 것이다. 제4장에서는 북한경제 변화의 방향성을 가늠하기 위해 체제전환국의 사례를 살펴보았으며, 김정은 위원장이 의도하였던 경제의 개혁개방과 지속가능한 경제성장의 기반 마련이 어떤 방식으로 실질적으로 추진될 수 있는지를 살폈다. 베트남과 미얀마 같은 국가들이 경제 개혁개방을 선언한 이후 시기별로 어떠한 정책을 펼쳤으며, 해당 정책들이 어떠한 조건에서 성과를 가져왔는지 평가하였다. 이를 통해 북한이 최근 추진하고 있는 경제 개혁개방 정책이 이들 국가와 견주었을 때 어떠한 수준에 와 있으며, 성과를 얻기 위한 정책 과제가 무엇인지 제시하였다. 베트남의 사례에 비추어봤을 때 북한은 현재 ‘신경제 정책’에서 ‘도이머이정책’으로 넘어가고자 하는 시점에 와 있다고 판단된다. 또한 미얀마 사례에 비추어봤을 때, 북미관계는 미얀마와 미국의 관계 정상화 초기 단계에 접어든 것으로 사료된다. 이들 국가들의 경제 개방 정책의 성과는 해외 자본 유치 여부에 따라 달라진 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 북한의 경제 개혁개방 정책이 베트남과 미얀마와 같은 성과를 내기 위해서는 북미 관계를 포함한 대외관계 정상화가 반드시 이루어져야 할 것이다. 종합하여 제5장에서는 북한경제 변화의 가능성과 과제, 이에 따른 새로운 남북경협의 여건에서 남북경협 재개와 확장을 위한 협력 과제를 제시하였다. 김정은 위원장 집권 이후에 북한경제가 성과를 보이고 있음에도 불구하고 2016년 제재 이후 경제 전반이 고비용 구조로 변화하면서 북한경제가 어려움에 처해 있다. 제재는 북한의 김정은 위원장의 경제 개혁 정책의 성과를 제약하고 있으며, 제재 해제와 대외관계 정상화 없이 북한의 경제가 개혁개방의 성과를 내기는 어려울 것으로 보인다. 새로운 남북경협은 북한의 대외관계 정상화와 국제시장으로의 편입을 도울 수 있는 방향으로 이루어져야 한다. 구체적으로 첫째, 남북경협 재개 시 안정적인 남북경협 환경을 조성하기 위하여 남북 CEPA 체결이 필요하다. 둘째, 남북한 경제 통합의 비용을 낮추고, 남북한경제의 신속한 성장을 위해서는 남북한 분업체계 구축을 고려한 경협 사업을 추진해야 한다. 남북한 분업체계 구축은 북한이 노동집약적 공정 담당, 남한은 기술과 자본을 제공하는 전통적인 방식과 북한의 낮은 규제와 산업 발전 수준을 활용한 4차 산업 분야 진출 방식 등 두가지 방안을 검토해볼 수 있다. 셋째, 외국인의 남북경협 참여 확대 여건을 조성하고 개선하여 남북경협과 외국인 투자의 선순환 구조를 구축함으로써 북한을 다자협력체제로 유인할 필요가 있다. 넷째, 북한의 개혁개방 과정에서 한국이 국제기구의 대북 지원을 위한 원조국 회의에 주도적인 역할을 할 수 있다면 북한과 국제사회를 잇는 교두보 역할을 할 수 있을 것이다.<br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> This study identified trends and possibilities in the North Korean economy and seeks new policy alternatives for inter-Korean economic cooperation. Fi","PeriodicalId":337103,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Institutions & Transition Economics: Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125402536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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