International Journal of Climate Research最新文献

Impact of hospital wastewater on the rivers’ quality: Case of Byumba hospital 医院废水对河流水质的影响:以Byumba医院为例

International Journal of Climate Research Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.18488/112.v7i1.3355

N. Drocelle, Mupenzi Christophe, Nkezabera Adolphe, Nsanzumukiza Martin Vincent, Uwase Rosine

{"title":"Impact of hospital wastewater on the rivers’ quality: Case of Byumba hospital","authors":"N. Drocelle, Mupenzi Christophe, Nkezabera Adolphe, Nsanzumukiza Martin Vincent, Uwase Rosine","doi":"10.18488/112.v7i1.3355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/112.v7i1.3355","url":null,"abstract":"Hospital wastewater may pose chemical, biological, and physical threats to public and environmental health. This study's objective was to evaluate the effects of hospital wastewater on waterways' quality through physico-chemical parameters’ analysis where samples were collected on-site between July and November 2021, and then using EPA and Hash procedures, they were preserved, prepared, and measured in the Environmental Research Laboratory at the University of Lay Adventists of Kigali (UNILAK-ERL). According to the findings, both receiving streams were contaminated to the following degrees: pH (88.51%), TDS (55.98%), COND (55.92%), TP (10.14%), TN (39.70%), COD (25%), Cr (9.90%), Zn (20%), Mn (4.28%) for Ruhashya stream and pH (48.43%), TDS (26.75%), COND (26.73%), TP (20.83%), TN (13.33%), COD (5.55%), Cr (19.49%), Zn (30%), Mn (4.33%) for Rwiminsi stream respectively. The findings demonstrated that Byumba hospital effluent has the potential to contaminate the ecosystem if improperly managed. Therefore, Byumba Hospital should improve the effectiveness of its hospital and routinely examine the effluent quality originating from its wastewater treatment facility; in addition, People should not be allowed to drink water from streams that receive Byumba Hospital effluents; finally, local government officials should enforce the polluter-pays principle, and environmental regulatory agencies should stiffen the penalties for institutions that fail to manage their wastes properly. Others studies on waste have been conducted, but there hasn't been any research on total dissolved solid particles (TDS), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and other heavy metals, BOD, and COD. So, this research fills the gap left behind by other researchers.","PeriodicalId":336926,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climate Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130421698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Land susceptibility to the stormwater runoff in Nyabugogo river catchment area, Rwanda 卢旺达尼亚布戈戈河集水区对雨水径流的土地敏感性

International Journal of Climate Research Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.18488/112.v7i1.3356

Hakizimana Narcisse, Ishimwe Grace, Ndagijimana Modeste, Ntwali Didier, Mupenzi Christophe

{"title":"Land susceptibility to the stormwater runoff in Nyabugogo river catchment area, Rwanda","authors":"Hakizimana Narcisse, Ishimwe Grace, Ndagijimana Modeste, Ntwali Didier, Mupenzi Christophe","doi":"10.18488/112.v7i1.3356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/112.v7i1.3356","url":null,"abstract":"In Rwanda, 40% steep slope land and rapid growing urbanization increase susceptibility of land to stormwater runoff. The objectives were to analyze causal factors of stormwater runoff in the study area, to identify the extent to which the study area is susceptible to stormwater runoff, and to generate stormwater runoff susceptibility map of the study area. The study area is Nyabugogo catchment which crosses the districts of the Eastern Province (Kayonza, Rwamagana, and Gatsibo), the Northern Province districts (Gicumbi and Rulindo), and other districts of Kigali city (Kicukiro, Nyarugenge, and Gasabo districts). The authors employed secondary datasets collected from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), ranging between 2017 and 2020. Six triggering factors: Land Use and Land Cover (LULC), Rainfall, the duration of photosynthetic activity (NDVI), soil texture, Elevation, and the Slope were analyzed. The results indicated that poor land use and land management ranked 36.10%, rainfall 28.70%, and NDVI which ranked 16.40% are the main triggering factors. The results proved that Moderate, High and Very High Susceptibility to storm water runoff at large extent are recorded in Rulindo and Gicumbi districts of Northern Province, a large part of Gasabo and Nyarugenge districts in Kigali City, and parts of Gatsibo and Rwamagana districts, in Eastern province. It was concluded that if Best Management Practices (BMPs) are applied, flooding and erosion along with pollution can be minimized. The policy makers are recommended to consider the prone areas identified by this study and assign them the priority for stormwater runoff management plan.","PeriodicalId":336926,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climate Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115536073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Rain Forecasting in Flood Risk Reduction, Case Study of Kigali City, Rwanda 降雨预报在减少洪水风险中的作用，以卢旺达基加利市为例

International Journal of Climate Research Pub Date : 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.18488/112.v6i1.3199

D. Niyomugabo, Jean Adolphe Nkezabera, A. Maniragaba, Jean Paul Bizimana, Lamek Nahayo, O. Nduwimana

{"title":"The Role of Rain Forecasting in Flood Risk Reduction, Case Study of Kigali City, Rwanda","authors":"D. Niyomugabo, Jean Adolphe Nkezabera, A. Maniragaba, Jean Paul Bizimana, Lamek Nahayo, O. Nduwimana","doi":"10.18488/112.v6i1.3199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/112.v6i1.3199","url":null,"abstract":"Floods are recognized as a severe natural disaster influenced potentially by anthropogenic activities. Kigali downstream floods were coming from the drainage system and the flow of streams. The study revealed on contribution of rain forecasting in reduction of flood risk in Kigali city, to show how well forecasted rain used to decrease flood risk among urban residents. The objectives were to carry out a flood risk analysis, determining the potential frequencies rainfall occurred and assessing the contribution of rain forecasting on flood risk reduction. The data was for Kigali city in three districts (Nyarugenge, Gasabo and Kicukiro) from 2016 to 2020, collected from literature review on disaster in Kigali city and Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) tool and Microsoft excel was used in analysis. The risk analysis factors were based on deaths, injury, infrastructure loss and crops loss per ha, the prone district is Nyarugenge. The Pearson correlation coefficient between variables mostly had positive correlation and in significate range with flood risks in both districts but on different range with such exception of negative relationship. Nyarugenge district precipitation made positive correlation with infrastructure and deaths, r= 0.138 in range 0<r< 0.25 very low correction; r=0.673 in range 0.50≤r<0.75 high correlation, respectively conclude that the increase of precipitation led to raise both infrastructure loss and deaths. Recommended measures will base on particular features of district (soil type, land use, geology and geomorphology analysis) especially on Nyarugenge district, which is more suspended to the floods to mitigate and adapt flood risks.","PeriodicalId":336926,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climate Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127873955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Parametric Analysis of Rainfall Variability Over Some Selected Locations in Nigeria 尼日利亚部分选定地点降雨变率的参数分析

International Journal of Climate Research Pub Date : 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.18488/journal.112.2021.51.35.48

Falaiye O. A, Olaitan A. G, Nwabachili S. C

{"title":"Parametric Analysis of Rainfall Variability Over Some Selected Locations in Nigeria","authors":"Falaiye O. A, Olaitan A. G, Nwabachili S. C","doi":"10.18488/journal.112.2021.51.35.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.112.2021.51.35.48","url":null,"abstract":"Rainfall is one meteorological parameter that affects virtually all human activities. For instance, the amount of rainfall received in an area is an important determining factor in estimating or quantifying the amount of water available to meet various demands, such as agricultural, industrial, domestic water supply, and power generation. Climate change has generally been accepted to be a result of the emission of excess greenhouse gases. It has caused an increase in flooding, severe and more frequent droughts, increase in wildfires, and heatwaves in various parts of the globe. Climate change is said to have a considerable impact on the variability in hydro-meteorological variables such as rainfall, temperature, and evaporation. In this study, we carry out a parametric analysis of rainfall variability over some selected locations in Nigeria and determine the trend using surface observation data from seven weather stations. The datasets of rainfall used in this study were acquired; from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) for a period of 30 years (1980 to 2010) from seven locations; which are Abuja, Enugu, Ikeja, Ilorin, Maiduguri, Port Harcourt, and Sokoto, representing the six geographical zones of Nigeria. The results gotten showed an upward movement in the trend line which indicated an increase in the amount of rainfall received by the study areas. While some Cities (Maiduguri, Sokoto) received a large increase in the amount of rainfall received yearly, others received a slight increase such as Lagos, Port Harcourt, Ilorin, Abuja and Enugu.","PeriodicalId":336926,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climate Research","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122415685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climate Change Effect on Irrigation Water Requirement of Wheat and Maize in Northern Part of Bangladesh 气候变化对孟加拉国北部小麦和玉米灌溉需水量的影响

International Journal of Climate Research Pub Date : 2021-08-30 DOI: 10.18488/journal.112.2021.51.25.34

Md Panjarul Haque, Md. Zakir Hossain, M. Ali

{"title":"Climate Change Effect on Irrigation Water Requirement of Wheat and Maize in Northern Part of Bangladesh","authors":"Md Panjarul Haque, Md. Zakir Hossain, M. Ali","doi":"10.18488/journal.112.2021.51.25.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.112.2021.51.25.34","url":null,"abstract":"Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries for climate change in agricultural water management. A research had been done to assess climate change effects on irrigation water use of wheat and maize in the northern part of Bangladesh. The twenty nine years of data (1990-2018) were analyzed with Mann-Kendall test as well as Sen’s slope for climate change impact and the responsible weather parameters due to climate change were identified with correlation coefficients. The crop water requirement of wheat in Bogura and Rangpur was declining at the rate of 3.3mm and 2.3mm per decade respectively. Net irrigation water requirement of wheat at both Bogura and Rangpur was inclining at the rate of 1mm and 10mm per decade respectively because the effective rainfall of these regions was decreasing at 5mm and 11mm per decade respectively. The crop water requirement of maize for similar districts was increasing at the rate of 3.2mm and 2.5mm per decade respectively although net irrigation water requirement had statistically non-significance for climate change effect. The weather parameter, which was mainly responsible for climatic change in irrigation water requirement, was increasing temperature. Therefore, wheat cultivation might be coped with climate change in the northern part of Bangladesh rather than maize on the basis of irrigation and water management.","PeriodicalId":336926,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climate Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125576989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

World Population Variability and Heat Bias Prediction: An Approach to Global Heat Disaster Management 世界人口变异和热偏差预测:全球热灾害管理的一种方法

International Journal of Climate Research Pub Date : 2020-09-02 DOI: 10.18488/journal.112.2020.41.51.58

Nwaerema Peace, H. M. Liman

{"title":"World Population Variability and Heat Bias Prediction: An Approach to Global Heat Disaster Management","authors":"Nwaerema Peace, H. M. Liman","doi":"10.18488/journal.112.2020.41.51.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.112.2020.41.51.58","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined world population variability and heat bias prediction as an approach to global heat disaster management. Heat bias data were generated from population records of United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, World Population Review and U.S. Census Bureau and International Database using population simulated mathematical model. The world has population of 7,794,798,739 and heat bias of 7.2 0 C and continental mean of 5.4 0 C. Asia had the highest heat bias of 7 0 C, Africa 6. 0 C, North America 6.4 0 C, Europe 5.7 0 C, South America 5.5 0 C Australia/Oceania 4.8 0 C and the Antarctica had the least heat bias of 2.2 0 C ranging 4.8 0 C. All continents exceeded the recommended +0.5 o C-2.5 o C human comfort threshold. Countries within the humid tropics had increased heat load. Countries within the subtropics up to the middle latitude had relatively lower heat stress. Population density does not have significant association with heat bias. Heat bias is important in global environmental planning and management. Contribution/Originality: This study “world population variability and heat bias predic tion: an approach to global heat disaster management” contributed to the understanding of the global thermal environment using mathematical population prediction model resulting from limited available studies. Findings showed, Asian continent had highest heat bias of 7 0 C exceeding +0.5 o C-2.5 o C human comfort threshold.","PeriodicalId":336926,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climate Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123460839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimating the Extreme Temperature Occurrence Over Pakistan Using Interannual and Interdecadal Temperature Variation and Teleconnections During 1901-2018 1901-2018年利用年际和年代际温度变化和遥相关估算巴基斯坦极端温度发生

International Journal of Climate Research Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18488/journal.112.2021.51.15.24

K. Riaz, Naveera Aziz, Harram Riaz

引用次数: 3

21st Century Trend of Water Yield in River Basins of Guinea and Sudano-Sahelian Ecological Zones, Nigeria 几内亚和尼日利亚苏丹-萨赫勒生态区流域21世纪水量趋势

International Journal of Climate Research Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18488/journal.112.2020.41.37.50

C. SalihuA., A. Abdulkadir, N. NsoforG., Y. OtacheM., S. Ojoye

{"title":"21st Century Trend of Water Yield in River Basins of Guinea and Sudano-Sahelian Ecological Zones, Nigeria","authors":"C. SalihuA., A. Abdulkadir, N. NsoforG., Y. OtacheM., S. Ojoye","doi":"10.18488/journal.112.2020.41.37.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.112.2020.41.37.50","url":null,"abstract":"In Nigeria, the climate in recent years has witnessed significant variability across the various ecological zones due to climate change. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyse the 21st century trend of water yield in river basins of Guinea and Sudano-Sahelian ecological zones, Nigeria. The data and computation were done using KNMI Climate Explorer. The coordinates of the basins were used to derive the annual and seasonal water yield. Projections were produced for near-term (2019-2048), mid-term (2049-2078) and long-term (2079-2100) using ensemble mean of CMIP5 under RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Findings revealed that water yield during dry season demonstrates decreasing range of (-0.05 to -0.1 mm/day). It was observed that the decrease were only significant for RCP8.5 but not under middle and low emission trajectories. As for wet season, it reveals significant increasing trends at 0.05 significant levels with respect to RCP8.5 but not significant in low and middle emission scenarios. Regional trend analysis of average annual water yields reveals no significant positive trends for all the RCPs. This is to say that despite the projected increasing pattern of average annual water yield observed over Guinea and Sudano-Sahelian ecological zones, incidences of water crisis cannot be ruled out.","PeriodicalId":336926,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climate Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128340163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Environmental Awareness Level among Stakeholders in Rural and Urban Communities, Southern Nigeria 尼日利亚南部农村和城市社区利益相关者环境意识水平评估

International Journal of Climate Research Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18488/journal.112.2020.41.1.15

Solomon A. Akpafun, G. Ndinwa, Charity O. Chukumah

引用次数: 2

Analysis of Trend and Variability of Climate of Hawassa Based on Surface Observations 基于地面观测的哈瓦萨气候趋势和变率分析

International Journal of Climate Research Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.18488/journal.112.2020.41.16.23

Kefiyalew Ayele Alandu

{"title":"Analysis of Trend and Variability of Climate of Hawassa Based on Surface Observations","authors":"Kefiyalew Ayele Alandu","doi":"10.18488/journal.112.2020.41.16.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.112.2020.41.16.23","url":null,"abstract":"Precipitation and temperature are the main determinants of climate change and variability of one’s area. Their change can be disruptive to the normal hydrological processes which plays an important role in agricultural and non-agricultural operations activities. This study is to determine climatology, trends, onset and retreat of rainy seasons and variation in temperature and precipitation by statistical and Mann Kendall test methods at Hawassa station for the period of 1973-2018. The increasing trend of minimum and maximum temperature were detected to be 0.05 and 0.04°C with high coefficient of determination (R 2 = 0.63 and 0.66), respectively. Besides, annual rainfall showed a coefficient of variation 15.2% with mean and standard deviation 965.3mm and 146.5, respectively. Seasonally, Belg season showed higher variability with statistical significant an increasing trend. And also the mean onset Belg season was identified as in the 1 st decade of March and cessation date was in the 2 nd decade of May, and Kiremt season mean onset was after 1 st decade of June and cessation in the 2nd decade of September. The observed warming temperature and fluctuation of rainfall are impacts of global climate change during the last decades in the area.","PeriodicalId":336926,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Climate Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133430203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1