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The Neurotoxic Effects of Cannabis on Brain: Review of Clinical and Experimental Data 大麻对大脑的神经毒性作用:临床和实验数据综述
MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-04-13 DOI: 10.37394/232023.2022.2.3
O. Abdel-Salam
{"title":"The Neurotoxic Effects of Cannabis on Brain: Review of Clinical and Experimental Data","authors":"O. Abdel-Salam","doi":"10.37394/232023.2022.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/232023.2022.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug worldwide. Evidence indicated negative impact for cannabis on the brain. Animal research and in vitro studies using delta-9-THC (THC) or cannabis extracts with high THC content provided evidence for a detrimental effect on neuronal integrity with DNA damage, cell shrinkage, atrophy and apoptosis. The mechanisms by which herbal cannabis affects brain structure and function are not clear but impaired mitochondrial functioning, reduced glucose availability and inhibition of brain energetic metabolism by cannabis have been shown. Clinical studies investigating the effects of cannabis in humans found raised serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines in chronic cannabis users. Human studies also indicated increased oxidative stress biomarkers and reduced antioxidants in blood of chronic cannabis users. Preclinical data on the effect of cannabis or THC on oxidative stress, however, were less conclusive in that cannabis might increase or attenuate oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence from animal and clinical studies pertaining to the toxic effects of cannabis and its main psychoactive ingredient THC on the brain and possible mechanisms involved.","PeriodicalId":336407,"journal":{"name":"MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124947817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Varied Simulation-based Stress Analyses on Zirconia All-ceramic Crowns 基于变化模拟的氧化锆全瓷冠应力分析
MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.37394/232023.2022.2.1
L. Porojan, F. Topala, S. Porojan
{"title":"Varied Simulation-based Stress Analyses on Zirconia All-ceramic Crowns","authors":"L. Porojan, F. Topala, S. Porojan","doi":"10.37394/232023.2022.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/232023.2022.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The development of high-strength ceramics and its use in posterior areas has been a field of constant investigation. The performance of all-ceramic molar crowns fabricated with new CAD/CAM techniques is a subject of interest. The studies available in literature focused on the analysis of all-ceramic restorations failures, investigating several parameters involved on the tooth structure. The goal of this study was to investigate the stress distributions of zirconia - all ceramic crowns, under loads using varied stress distribution analyses. A static structural analysis was performed to calculate the stress distribution using the computer-aided engineering software. Equivalent stresses were recorded in the tooth structures and in the restoration for all these designs. Since ceramic materials exhibit brittle behavior, the first principal stress criterion was adopted to compare the stress values and distribution with those obtained for the first simulations. Under the same loading conditions, the stress distribution patterns for the zirconia all-ceramic crown using differential stress analyses exhibited similarities. Only the values are lower for the maximal principal stresses. The present study suggests that varied simulation methods are promising to assess the biomechanical behaviour of all-ceramic systems.","PeriodicalId":336407,"journal":{"name":"MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132230019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Examining Chemical Interaction of Stream and Aquifer Near a River Barrage Area by Factor Analysis 用因子分析法研究河流拦河坝附近河流与含水层的化学相互作用
MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2022-03-22 DOI: 10.37394/232023.2022.2.2
Yun-Yeong Oh, S. Hamm, Hang-Tak Jeon, Chung-Mo Lee, Mingliang Wei
{"title":"Examining Chemical Interaction of Stream and Aquifer Near a River Barrage Area by Factor Analysis","authors":"Yun-Yeong Oh, S. Hamm, Hang-Tak Jeon, Chung-Mo Lee, Mingliang Wei","doi":"10.37394/232023.2022.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/232023.2022.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"A statistical approach has been applied in order to evaluate chemical interaction between groundwater and river water by using electrical conductivity (EC) in the Changnyeong-Haman river barrage (CHRB), Korea. The EC values in groundwater have been decreased an average of 50 μS/cm and 160 μS/cm. According to factor analysis using the EC data, the EC in groundwater has been disturbed by the CHRB construction as well as dredging of the Nakdong River during the construction work and with time ealpse the groundwater quality became stabilized. It is also demonstrated that hydrologic environment has been changed due to the CHRB construction, comparing the 1st period and 4th period. Hence, a long-term monitoring is required in order to reveal the change of hydrologic environment that can adversely affect plant growth.","PeriodicalId":336407,"journal":{"name":"MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114592578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modern Status of the Parametric Excitation of Oscillations in Film Flows and Granulation for Amorphous Materials’ Production 非晶材料生产中膜流和造粒振荡参数激励的现代地位
MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-10-20 DOI: 10.37394/232023.2021.1.10
Ivan Kazachkov
{"title":"Modern Status of the Parametric Excitation of Oscillations in Film Flows and Granulation for Amorphous Materials’ Production","authors":"Ivan Kazachkov","doi":"10.37394/232023.2021.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/232023.2021.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The general and specific peculiarities of parametrically excited oscillations in the film flows and the new parametric effects revealed are discussed for engineering and technological applications. The main focus is placed on the film flows spreading on a solid surface or in another liquid medium with comparably high velocities when inertia forces are playing together with capillary ones and up to some extent sometimes with gravity forces. Scientific novelty of the work consists in the revealed three new phenomena of the film flow decay and created new granulation technologies for the unique amorphous materials’ production.","PeriodicalId":336407,"journal":{"name":"MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS","volume":"45 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116387270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Evaluation of D-glucose Hydrogenation Catalysts Suability in Different Reactor Systems d -葡萄糖加氢催化剂在不同反应器体系中的稳定性评价
MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-09-18 DOI: 10.37394/232023.2021.1.9
V. Doluda, M. Grigorev, V. Matveeva, E. Sulman, M. Sulman, N. Lakina, V. Molchanov, E. Rebrov
{"title":"Evaluation of D-glucose Hydrogenation Catalysts Suability in Different Reactor Systems","authors":"V. Doluda, M. Grigorev, V. Matveeva, E. Sulman, M. Sulman, N. Lakina, V. Molchanov, E. Rebrov","doi":"10.37394/232023.2021.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/232023.2021.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"he samples of ruthenium impregnated in hypercrosslinked polystyrene and activated carbon were tested in D-glucose hydrogenation using butch reactor, shaker type reactor and fix bed reactor system to evaluate catalysts long term stability. Catalysts were characterized by nitrogen physisorption, X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy, hydrogen chemisorption, X-Ray fluorescence analysis. Physicochemical changes of the studied catalysts are shown during catalysts stability investigation. A strong influence of the reactor type on catalysts stability in D-glucose hydrogenation is discussed.","PeriodicalId":336407,"journal":{"name":"MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS","volume":"490 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122751516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Heat Transfer Modeling and Computational Experiment for Uranium Dioxide Fuel Fragment Surrounded by Concrete 混凝土包围二氧化铀燃料碎片传热模型及计算实验
MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.37394/232023.2021.1.8
Jamshid Gharakhanlou, Ivan Kazachkov, S. Chernyshenko
{"title":"Heat Transfer Modeling and Computational Experiment for Uranium Dioxide Fuel Fragment Surrounded by Concrete","authors":"Jamshid Gharakhanlou, Ivan Kazachkov, S. Chernyshenko","doi":"10.37394/232023.2021.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/232023.2021.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"The problem is of interest for nuclear power safety and some other fields. Non-stationary twodimensional boundary task for non-linear heat flow process in cylindrical rod of dioxide uranium surrounded by cylindrical concrete layer is considered with account of the real physical properties of materials depending on temperature, as well as accounting an internal heat generation of radioactive material. The mathematical model of a heat transfer process is realized as computer program for the FLEX PDE platform. Based on the model the computational experiments have been performed and their analysis was made. The results obtained maybe useful by performing the nuclear safety analysis, as well as by model calculations in constructing the passive protection systems against severe accidents at the nuclear power plants.","PeriodicalId":336407,"journal":{"name":"MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS","volume":"270 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122755210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hydrolytic Hydrogenation of Cellulose with the Use of the Ru-containing Polymeric Catalysts 含钌聚合物催化剂对纤维素水解加氢的影响
MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-07-14 DOI: 10.37394/232023.2021.1.7
V. Matveeva, O. Manaenkov, A. Filatova, O. V. Kislitza, V. Doluda, E. Rebrov, E. Sulman, A. Sidorov, A. Torozova
{"title":"Hydrolytic Hydrogenation of Cellulose with the Use of the Ru-containing Polymeric Catalysts","authors":"V. Matveeva, O. Manaenkov, A. Filatova, O. V. Kislitza, V. Doluda, E. Rebrov, E. Sulman, A. Sidorov, A. Torozova","doi":"10.37394/232023.2021.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/232023.2021.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents the results of cellulose hydrolytic hydrogenation process in subcritical water in the presence of Ru-containing catalysts based on hypercrosslinked polystyrene (HPS) MN-270 and its functionalized analogues: NH2-HPS (MN-100) and SO3H-HPS (MN-500). It was shown that the replacement of the traditional support (carbon) by HPS increases the yield of the main cellulose conversion products – polyols – important intermediates for the chemical industry. The catalysts were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution TEM, and porosity measurements. Catalytic studies demonstrated that the catalyst containing 1.0% Ru and based on MN-270 is the most active. The total yield of sorbitol and mannitol was 50% on the average at 85% cellulose conversion.","PeriodicalId":336407,"journal":{"name":"MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115431924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative Evaluation of Marginal and Internal Fit of Anatomic and Nonanatomic Metal Frameworks Fabricated by Selective Laser Sintering 选择性激光烧结制备解剖和非解剖金属骨架边缘和内部配合的比较评价
MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-06-12 DOI: 10.37394/232023.2021.1.6
C. Savencu, L. Porojan, F. Topala
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Marginal and Internal Fit of Anatomic and Nonanatomic Metal Frameworks Fabricated by Selective Laser Sintering","authors":"C. Savencu, L. Porojan, F. Topala","doi":"10.37394/232023.2021.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/232023.2021.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"For teeth restoring single metal-ceramic crowns were the gold-standard for many years. Selective laser sintering is a new technology which can provide accurate complex-shaped frameworks for dental restorations, layer-by-layer, according to a three-dimensional computer model, using metal powder. An important factor for long term success of fixed prostheses is the marginal and internal adaptation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of framework design and design of tooth preparation on marginal and internal fit of laser-sintered frameworks. Two maxillary first molars where prepared with two different kind of marginal limits. Two different framework designs were constructed for each: model 1 – a coping with a constant framework thickness of 0.6 mm and model 2 - an anatomically modified shaped cusp supporting framework with a constant veneering thickness. The mean marginal gap values were between 37 and 95 μm, the means for the axial region were between 47 and 70 μm and for the occlusal region between 67 and 147 μm. Copings produced by selective laser sintering using CAD/CAM technologies demonstrate acceptable marginal and internal fit in the range of 47 to 120 μm, with better results in case of anatomically-reduced frameworks.","PeriodicalId":336407,"journal":{"name":"MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115418616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improving Jitter Distribution in the Breakpoints of Genome CNVs 改进基因组cnv断点抖动分布
MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.37394/232023.2021.1.5
J. M. Minjares, Y. Shmaliy
{"title":"Improving Jitter Distribution in the Breakpoints of Genome CNVs","authors":"J. M. Minjares, Y. Shmaliy","doi":"10.37394/232023.2021.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/232023.2021.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The copy number variations (CNVs) are a form of structural genetic changes which are recognized to have an importance for diagnosing human disease. Therefore, accurate estimation of the CNVs using high resolution technologies has been under peer attention in both research and clinical applications during last decades. We propose a more accurate approximation for jitter distribution in the CNVs breakpoints based on the modif ed Bessel function of the second kind and zeroth order. We show that the modif ed distribution allows improving the estimates of the CNVs when the segmental signal-to-noise ratio is small and extremely small.","PeriodicalId":336407,"journal":{"name":"MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125076141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thermolysis of Oil Sludge With Metal Chlorides as a Catalyst 金属氯化物催化油泥热裂解的研究
MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2021-04-08 DOI: 10.37394/232023.2021.1.4
E. Sulman, K. Chalov, Yu.V. Lugovoy, Y. Kosivtsov, I. Smirnov
{"title":"Thermolysis of Oil Sludge With Metal Chlorides as a Catalyst","authors":"E. Sulman, K. Chalov, Yu.V. Lugovoy, Y. Kosivtsov, I. Smirnov","doi":"10.37394/232023.2021.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37394/232023.2021.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Oil sludge utilization is an important economical and ecological problem which solution can be an essential step towards the development of resource-saving technology on the basis of the integrated use of oil raw material. Catalytic influence of КCl, NaCl, ZnCl2, MgCl2,∙AlCl3, FeCl2, FeCl3, CoCl2 and NiCl2 on the thermolysis of oil sludge had been studied. The optimal process parameters such as temperature, amount of catalyst, ratio of oil sludge to sand, residence time of the black sludge inside reactor were also explored. The most attractive conditions were dined as follows: catalyst – CoCl2 5 wt. %, oil content – 20 wt. %, temperature – 500 o C. Besides NiCl2 and ZnCl2 also showed a high level of conversion. As a result of CoCl2 influence the activation energy of thermolysis decreased by 20-30 kJ/mol; the presence of C1-C4 hydrocarbons in gaseous product increased in 2.4; a percent degree of conversion of oil sludge into gaseous and liquid products increased by 37% and 7% , respectively, compared to non-catalytic treatment.","PeriodicalId":336407,"journal":{"name":"MOLECULAR SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127471317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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