Scripta Medica最新文献

{"title":"First experiences with the use of targeted and immunotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous melanoma: A single centre experience","authors":"J. Berendika, S. Jungić, B. Tubić, I. Rakita, M. Vještica, D. Đokanović, Z. Gojković, Nikolina Mirčeta, Sanja Petković, Vanda Marković-Peković","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-35184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-35184","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Aim: Up until ten years ago stage four melanoma was considered a disease with extremely poor prognosis. Standard therapy during this period of time was dacarbazine chemotherapy. Patients with better performance status were treated with immunotherapy cytokine IL-2. In the last ten years eight medications have been approved by the FDA for the therapy of melanoma. The goal of this study was to determine objective response rate (ORR), median overall survival (OS), median progression free survival (PFS) and safety in patients with advanced and metastatic cutaneous melanoma treated with targeted therapy and immunotherapy at the University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska (Centre). Methods: A non-randomised observational retrospective/prospective trial was conducted to investigate first experiences with the use of targeted therapy and immunotherapy at the Centre and compare the results with the literature data. A total of 23 patients received BRAF targeted therapy for the treatment of metastatic cutaneous melanoma in the first line of treatment. Nine patients received vemurafenib, fourteen patients received a combination of BRAF/MEK inhibitor. Nine patients were treated with pembrolizumab immunotherapy. The trial was performed in a period from May 2017 until December 2020. Results: In patients receiving vemurafenib ORR was 44.4 %, median PFS was 5 months (95 % CI, 1 to 11) and the median OS was 9 months (95 % CI, 2 to 17). In the vemurafenib/cobimetinib group ORR was 71.4 %. Median PFS was 9 months and median OS was 12 months. ORR in patients receiving pembrolizumab was 22.9 %, median PFS was 3 months (95 % CI, 1 to 11) and the median OS was 4.5 months (95 % CI, 2 to 12). Results in all three groups were inferior compared to the results from the literature except for ORR in patients receiving vemurafenib and vemurafenib/cobimetinib. Adverse events were tolerable and manageable and were similar to those described in the literature. Conclusion: Based on the experience with the targeted and immunotherapy in the Centre, which was presented in this study, it was concluded that in conditions when there is limited access to drugs, the greatest benefit have the patients who meet the inclusion criteria in clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82362141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple trachelectomy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer over 2 cm in size: A case report and review of literature","authors":"A. Mandić, B. Gutic, M. Davidović-Grigoraki, Đorđe Petrović, N. Šolajić, Gabrijel-Stefan Nađ","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-39686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-39686","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few decades fertility preservation has emerged as a treatment modality for cervical cancer patients. Different surgical methods have been described, such as open or minimally invasive trachelectomy and gross cervical conisation combined with laparoscopic lymphadenectomy. A thirty-year-old nulliparous woman with uterine cervical cancer FIGO stage IB2 (classification from 2009) underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. After three cycles of chemotherapy with cisplatin and iphosphamide there was no colposcopic findings of cervical invasion, therefore a conservative surgery was performed. The patient underwent laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy, cervical amputation and the endocervical curettage. The histopathology confirmed a complete response to chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73180974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with frequency of ectopic pregnancy","authors":"Miroslav Popović, Tanja Milić-Radić","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-35117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-35117","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Ectopic pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy outside the uterine cavity, most often in the fallopian tube. It is a life-threatening condition and requires early diagnosis and adequate care. Aim of this study was to examine the frequency of ectopic pregnancy, as well as the influence of parity, age of patients and previous in vitro fertilisation (IVF) procedure on the occurrence of ectopic pregnancy. Methods: A retrospective research was conducted in the Clinic for Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska from 1st of January 2016 up to 31 of December 2018, which included 125 hospitalised patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. Data on the age of patients , parity and previous IVF, as well as the method of treatment of patients with ectopic pregnancy were analysed and compared. Results: In the observed period, there were a total of 9781 births and in the same period, 125 patients with a diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy were hospital-ised, which is 1.27 %. Pregnancy did not occur after IVF. Laparoscopy and drug therapy are represented almost equally, depending on the clinical picture and the wishes of the patients and open access was represented only sporadically. Conclusion: According to this research, the onset of ectopic pregnancy is not affected by age, parity and previous IVF, which does not fit into the results of world research. The most common form of treatment in our country is both lap-aroscopy and medical approach and open access occurs only sporadically, which fits into the recommendations of the relevant guides.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75157780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of antiretroviral therapy among children in Free State Province, South Africa","authors":"A. Olaleye, Y. Tsibolane, Lydia Van-Turha, Sibongile Monareng, P. Chikobvu, M. Boleme, Celicia M. Serenata","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-39572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-39572","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is an important intervention for survival among children in Sub Saharan Africa where HIV infection rates are comparatively high. Only few studies have explored issues relating to paediatric ART initiation and maintenance. This study was conducted to explore the perceptions and experiences of trained professional nurses regarding paediatric ART. Methods: Six focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among trained professional nurses in selected health facilities in Free State Province, South Africa. Verbatim transcripts were analysed with a thematic approach. Results: The participants of this study reported counselling as an important component of paediatric ART in health facilities. The problem of non-disclosure, migration, incomplete records from referral health facilities, inadequate health workforce and difficulty in record keeping were cited as barriers against paediatric ART. Conclusion: This study showed that initiation and adherence to antiretroviral therapy among eligible children faces a significant challenge.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80649659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergic contact dermatitis caused by dexpanthenol confirmed with open application test: A case report","authors":"Marijana Smiljić, Baroš Ninković, Boško Trifunović","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-37442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-37442","url":null,"abstract":"Topical medications and cosmetic products contain many allergens that can trigger allergic contact dermatitis. One of the most frequent ingredients is dexpanthenol (bepanthen, panthenol). A case of a 19-year-old female patient is presented, with a 2-year history of continuous episodes of contact allergic reactions with positive open application test to dexpanthenol, after other dermatoses and allergens were excluded.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73615563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public pharmacies on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina over the Austro-Hungarian rule","authors":"Vanda Marković-Peković","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-39934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-39934","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: With the adoption of legislation over the Austro-Hungarian rule (1878-1918) apothecary in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) became a regulated profession, which enabled the arrival of graduated pharmacists. The aim of the paper was to present in which towns on the B&H territory public pharmacies were opened over this period and their owners. Methods: A retrospective and descriptive research was conducted at the Archives of the Republic of Srpska, the Museum of the Republic of Srpska and the Archives of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The method of the qualitative secondary data analysis was applied. Results: With the arrival of Masters of Pharmacy from all parts of the Austro-Hungary, an increasing number of public pharmacies began to open. Concessions for the opening pharmacies were initially granted to foreigners and among the settlers, pharmacists there were mostly Czechs, Croats, Poles, Hungarians, Slovaks, who completed pharmacy studies at universities in Vienna, Zagreb, Prague, Lviv, Graz, Innsbruck, Krakow. In the beginning, there were no locally educated pharmacists and the first appeared at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. During this period at least one pharmacy was opened in many towns, two worked in Banja Luka, Mostar, Tuzla and Bijeljina and seven in Sarajevo. In the first years, each pharmacy was staffed by only one pharmacist and over time there were more pharmacy staff in the pharmacies. Twenty years after the occupation, public pharmacies owned by Masters of Pharmacy were opened in thirty three towns around B&H and in 1918 there were forty eight public pharmacies in thirty eight towns. Conclusion: The number of public pharmacies and qualified pharmacy staff in B&H increased over the Austro-Hungarian rule from 1878 to 1918, which contributed to the improvement of the profession, health and social conditions in the country during this period.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"227 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80154979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'In vitro' assessments of microencapsulated viable cells as a result of primary bile acid-encapsulated formulation for inflammatory disorders","authors":"A. Mooranian, Melissa Jones, Daniel Walker, C. Ionescu, S. Wagle, B. Kovacevic, Jacqueline Chester, Thomas Foster, Edan Johnston, M. Mikov, H. Al‐Salami","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-36574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-36574","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Aim: Metformin is widely used in type 2 diabetes and exhibits many positive biological effects on pancreatic b-cells and muscle cells, such as supporting insulin release by b-cells and glucose uptake by muscle cells and reducing oxidative stress, particularly due to diabetes-associated hyperglycaemia. Interestingly, for type 1 diabetes, transplantation of healthy b-cells has been proposed as a novel way to replace insulin therapy. Recently, bile acid-formulations containing transplantable b-cells showed best stability. Hence, this study aimed to explore the effects of metformin-bile acid formulations in b-cell encapsulation and on the biological activities of b-cells and muscle-cells. Methods: Two sets of biological effects were examined, using metformin-bile acid formulations, on encapsulated b-cells and on muscle cells exposed to the formulations. Results: Various encapsulated b-cell formulations' cell viability, insulin levels, cellular oxidative stress, cellular inflammatory profile and bioenergetics at the normoand hyperglycaemic states showed differing results based upon the metformin concentration and the inclusion or absence of bile acid. Similar effects were observed with muscle cells. Low ratios of metformin and bile acids showed best biological effects, suggesting a formulation dependent result. The formulations' positive effects were more profound at the hyperglycaemic state suggesting efficient cell protective effects. Conclusion: Overall, metformin had positive impacts on the cells in a concentration-dependent manner, with the addition of chenodeoxycholic acid further improving results.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88744469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncological safety of breast conserving surgery in breast cancer","authors":"A. Guzijan, R. Gajanin, J. Ćulum, Z. Gojković, Ljubiša Preradović, D. Roganović","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-38929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-38929","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Breast-conserving surgery is a type of surgery used as a treatment option for breast cancer. It was introduced at the end of the 20th century following and in accordance with relevant clinical studies. With heightened public awareness of breast cancer and the introduction of new diagnostic procedures, despite the proven oncological safety of this type of surgery, a growing number of women choose to undergo total mastectomy. The aim of this study was to confirm the oncological safety of breast-conserving surgery performed on breast cancer patients at the University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska. Methods: This study analysed 305 female patients with I and II stage of breast cancer, operated on between March 2009 and December 2013. One group of patients underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCS), followed by adjuvant radiation therapy and the other total mastectomy (MX). The patients were followed up for 5 years after the surgery. Analysed herein were the local-regional recurrence, distant metastases, disease-free survival and overall survival rates. Results: After a five-year follow-up, the local-regional recurrence rate for patients in the BCS group was 4.3 %, while for the MX group it was 4.2 %. The overall survival rate of patients in the BCS group was 90.9 %, as opposed to 89.1 % for MX patients. Conclusion: After a five-year follow-up, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups of patients regarding the local-regional recurrence (p = 0.967) and overall survival rates (p = 0.610). Breast-conserving surgery is an oncologically safe surgical treatment for breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84411050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of hydrogen sulphide containing mineral water on experimental osteoporosis in rats","authors":"T. Popović, L. Amidžić, Mile Čeko, S. Markovic, R. Škrbić","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-41462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-41462","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Sulphur mineral water is widely used in the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases. Hydrogen sulphide is an important regulator of bone metabolism and its application in the treatment of osteoporosis is intensively researched. The aim of this study was to analyse biochemical and histological effects of H2S containing mineral water of \"Mlječanica\" spring on ovariectomy-induced experimental osteoporosis in rats. Methods: In this experiment a 14-week-old Wistar female rats were used. The animals undergone bilateral ovariectomy (OVX groups) as an experimental model for oestrogen-deficient osteoporosis. After six weeks, animals were divided into control and the experimental group. Rats from the experimental group treated with H2S (SW group) containing mineral water ad libitum during five weeks. Biochemical parameters for monitoring sulphur water effects were concentration in serum of osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, calcium and phosphorus. Histological analyses of the left tibia coloured with haematoxylin-eosin were carried out. Results: Regarding the biochemical parameters, a statistically significant increase was observed in the OVX group for osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase calcium and phosphorus compared to the sham-operated (CNT) group (p < 0.01). In SW + OVX, alkaline phosphatase was statistically significantly decreased (p < 0.01) and serum osteocalcin and phosphorus increased (p < 0.01). Calcium values were increased without significance. In the OVX + SW group, histological analyses showed numerous osteoblasts along the trabecular endosteum and the growth of young chondrocytes in the central bone zone and their migration to the peripheral parts. Conclusion: Drinking the H2S containing \"Mlječanica\" mineral water has led to decreased alkaline phosphatase, increased osteocalcin and phosphorus concentration in serum and stimulated the bone reparation in osteoporotic rats.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81046918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unintentional injuries of children and adolescents treated in emergency medical services: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Duška Jović, B. Skela-Savič, Snežana Petrović-Tepić, D. Knezevic, Aleksandar Tepić, M. Burgic-Radmanovic, Daniela Dobrovoljski, Nataša Egeljić-Mihailović","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-40755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-40755","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Unintentional injuries among children and adolescents have become a common issue in public healthcare. The study objective was to analyse the characteristics and identify predictors associated with unintentional injuries in children and adolescents treated in emergency medical services (EMS) in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods: A cross-section study with retrospective analysis of WebMedic e-database from 14 EMS, in the period between January 2018 and December 2020 was conducted. Research included patients with unintentional injuries, aged ≤ 19 years, of both sexes. For comparison between groups, Chi-squared and multivariate logistic regression were used in risk factor analysis. Results: A total of 1,856 cases were identified, most injuries resulted from falls (46.7 %) and traffic injuries (26.9 %). Boys were significantly more affected by injuries than girls (p < 0.001). Falls were the major cause for reporting to EMS among age groups of children (0-9 years) and adolescents (10-14 years), whereas injuries in traffic were dominant in adolescents aged 15 to 19. The most common injuries were head injuries (35.7 %). Risk factors of unintentional injuries were age (p < 0.001), sex (p = 0.046), weekday (p = 0.016), winter (p = 0.014), body region (head, abdomen, lower and upper limbs (p < 0.001), thorax (p = 0.009)). Conclusions: There were significant differences in characteristics of unintentional injuries according to age and sex. Chances for occurrence of unintentional injuries among children increased with their age, especially for boys. These differences might indicate areas where preventive measures should be undertaken.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82272447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}