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Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration最新文献

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Page protection: another missing dimension of Wikipedia research 页面保护:维基百科研究的另一个缺失维度
Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2015-08-19 DOI: 10.1145/2788993.2789846
Benjamin Mako Hill, Aaron Shaw
{"title":"Page protection: another missing dimension of Wikipedia research","authors":"Benjamin Mako Hill, Aaron Shaw","doi":"10.1145/2788993.2789846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2788993.2789846","url":null,"abstract":"Page protection is a feature of wiki software that allows administrators to restrict contributions to particular pages. For example, pages are frequently protected so that they can only be edited by administrators. Page protection affects tens of thousands of pages in English Wikipedia and renders many of Wikipedia's most visible pages uneditable by the vast majority of visitors. That said, page protection has attracted very little attention and is rarely taken into account by researchers. This note describes page protection and illustrates why it plays an important role in shaping user behavior on wikis. We also present a new longitudinal dataset of page protection events for English Wikipedia, the software used to produce it, and results from tests that support both the validity of the dataset and the impact of page protection on patterns of editing.","PeriodicalId":334849,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115113099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
#Wikipedia on Twitter: analyzing tweets about Wikipedia #推特上的维基百科:分析关于维基百科的推文
Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2015-08-19 DOI: 10.1145/2788993.2789845
Eva Zangerle, G. Schmidhammer, Günther Specht
{"title":"#Wikipedia on Twitter: analyzing tweets about Wikipedia","authors":"Eva Zangerle, G. Schmidhammer, Günther Specht","doi":"10.1145/2788993.2789845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2788993.2789845","url":null,"abstract":"Wikipedia has long become a standard source of information on the web and as such is widely referenced on the web and in social media. This paper analyzes the usage of Wikipedia on Twitter by looking into languages used on both platforms, content features of posted articles and recent edits of those articles. The analysis is based on a set of four million tweets and links these tweets to Wikipedia articles and their features to identify interesting relations. We find that within English and Japanese tweets containing a link to Wikipedia, 97% of the links lead to the English resp. Japanese Wikipedia, whereas for other languages 20% of the tweets contain a link to a Wikipedia of a different language. Our results also indicate that the number of tweets about a certain topic is not correlated to the number of recent edits on the particular page at the time of sending the tweet.","PeriodicalId":334849,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127435802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
The evolution of knowledge creation online: Wikipedia and knowledge processes 在线知识创造的演变:维基百科与知识过程
Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2015-08-19 DOI: 10.1145/2788993.2791320
Ruqin Ren
{"title":"The evolution of knowledge creation online: Wikipedia and knowledge processes","authors":"Ruqin Ren","doi":"10.1145/2788993.2791320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2788993.2791320","url":null,"abstract":"Using the evolutionary theory framework of the variation, retention, selection process, this paper explains the self-organized knowledge production behaviors online, with Wikipedia as an example. Evolution is presented as a trial-and-error process that produces a progressive accumulation of knowledge. The underlying theoretical assumption is that even though online communities feature very different characteristics than traditional organizations, the basic processes of trial-and-error learning in evolutionary theory still apply to the new forms of organizations. Based on the theory of self-organization system and evolution theory, the processes of variation and selection are explained in depth with examples observed on Wikipedia. The study presents a nested hierarchy of vicarious selectors that plays an important role in online knowledge creation.","PeriodicalId":334849,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126768689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The Vienna history Wiki: a collaborative knowledge platform for the city of Vienna 维也纳历史Wiki:维也纳市的协作知识平台
Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2015-08-19 DOI: 10.1145/2788993.2789835
Bernhard Krabina
{"title":"The Vienna history Wiki: a collaborative knowledge platform for the city of Vienna","authors":"Bernhard Krabina","doi":"10.1145/2788993.2789835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2788993.2789835","url":null,"abstract":"The Vienna City Archive and the Vienna City Library have joined forces with several other institutions in Vienna, Austria to create the \"Wien Geschichte Wiki\" (Vienna History Wiki), a knowledge platform for the history of Vienna with more than 34,000 articles and 120,000 visits per month. The wiki is powered by Semantic MediaWiki and serves not only as an online encyclopedia, based on a digitized printed publication for everybody to use and contribute to, but also as a central knowledge base for several administrative departments of the city administration. In a peer-review process, wiki edits are checked before they become visible. The paper highlights the unique aspects of the Vienna History Wiki related to content creation, governance structures and technology choices. A usage log analysis and an online survey have been carried out to gain first insights after six months of operation.","PeriodicalId":334849,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"79 3-4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116562078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Peer-production system or collaborative ontology engineering effort: what is Wikidata? 对等生产系统或协作本体工程:什么是维基数据?
Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2015-08-19 DOI: 10.1145/2788993.2789836
C. Müller-Birn, Benjamin Karran, Janette Lehmann, Markus Luczak-Rösch
{"title":"Peer-production system or collaborative ontology engineering effort: what is Wikidata?","authors":"C. Müller-Birn, Benjamin Karran, Janette Lehmann, Markus Luczak-Rösch","doi":"10.1145/2788993.2789836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2788993.2789836","url":null,"abstract":"Wikidata promises to reduce factual inconsistencies across all Wikipedia language versions. It will enable dynamic data reuse and complex fact queries within the world's largest knowledge database. Studies of the existing participation patterns that emerge in Wikidata are only just beginning. What delineates most of the contributions in the system has not yet been investigated. Is it an inheritance from the Wikipedia peer-production system or the proximity of tasks in Wikidata that have been studied in collaborative ontology engineering? As a first step to answering this question, we performed a cluster analysis of participants' content editing activities. This allowed us to blend our results with typical roles found in peer-production and collaborative ontology engineering projects. Our results suggest very specialised contributions from a majority of users. Only a minority, which is the most active group, participate all over the project. These users are particularly responsible for developing the conceptual knowledge of Wikidata. We show the alignment of existing algorithmic participation patterns with these human patterns of participation. In summary, our results suggest that Wikidata rather supports peer-production activities caused by its current focus on data collection. We hope that our study informs future analyses and developments and, as a result, allows us to build better tools to support contributors in peer-production-based ontology engineering.","PeriodicalId":334849,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132126695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 54
Use of GitHub as a platform for open collaboration on text documents 使用GitHub作为文本文档开放协作的平台
Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2015-08-19 DOI: 10.1145/2788993.2789838
Justin Longo, Tanya M. Kelley
{"title":"Use of GitHub as a platform for open collaboration on text documents","authors":"Justin Longo, Tanya M. Kelley","doi":"10.1145/2788993.2789838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2788993.2789838","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, researchers are paying attention to the use of the software development and code-hosting web service GitHub for other collaborative purposes, including a class of activity referred to as document, text, or prose collaboration. These alternative uses of GitHub as a platform for sharing non-code artifacts represent an important modification in the practice of open collaboration. We survey cases where GitHub has been used to facilitate collaboration on non-code outputs, identify its strengths and weaknesses when used in this mode, and propose conditions for successful collaborations on co-created text documents.","PeriodicalId":334849,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132345928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
A multiple case study of small free software businesses as social entrepreneurships 小型免费软件企业作为社会企业家精神的多个案例研究
Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2015-08-19 DOI: 10.1145/2788993.2789830
A. Barcomb
{"title":"A multiple case study of small free software businesses as social entrepreneurships","authors":"A. Barcomb","doi":"10.1145/2788993.2789830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2788993.2789830","url":null,"abstract":"Free/libre and open source software are frequently described as a single community or movement. The difference between free software and open source ideology may influence founders, resulting in different types of companies being created. Specifically, the relationship between free/libre software ideology and social entrepreneurships is investigated. This paper presents seven case studies of businesses, five of which were founded by people who identify with the free/libre software movement. The result is a theory that small businesses founded by free/libre software advocates have three characteristics of social entrepreneurships. First, social benefit is prioritized over wealth creation. Second, the business's social mission is not incidental but is furthered through its for-profit activities, rather than supported by the company's profits. Third, the company's success is defined in part by the success of its social mission. Free/libre software entrepreneurs who recognize their activities as social entrepreneurships can benefit from the existing literature on the unique challenges faced by socially-oriented businesses.","PeriodicalId":334849,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121663171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Toward understanding new feature request systems as participation architectures for supporting open innovation 将新特性请求系统理解为支持开放式创新的参与架构
Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2015-08-19 DOI: 10.1145/2788993.2789842
Michelle Purcell
{"title":"Toward understanding new feature request systems as participation architectures for supporting open innovation","authors":"Michelle Purcell","doi":"10.1145/2788993.2789842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2788993.2789842","url":null,"abstract":"Most research regarding innovation in open source software communities pertains to identifying supporting conditions for promoting code contribution as a way to innovate the software. Instead, this paper seeks to identify social and technological affordances of new feature request systems and their potential to support open innovation through integration of peripheral community members' ideas for advancing the software. Initial findings from the first of a planned study of multiple open source software communities are presented to identify attributes of effective participation architectures.","PeriodicalId":334849,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132979913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Open access to working notes in the humanities 开放获取人文学科的工作笔记
Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2015-08-19 DOI: 10.1145/2788993.2789852
M. Buckland, Patrick Golden, Ryan B. Shaw
{"title":"Open access to working notes in the humanities","authors":"M. Buckland, Patrick Golden, Ryan B. Shaw","doi":"10.1145/2788993.2789852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2788993.2789852","url":null,"abstract":"A web-based tool for making and sharing research designed for authors, curators, and editors in the humanities is described, editorsnotes.org. Notes are a varied genre not limited to annotations. The data for the tool is modeled as three kinds of records: Notes created; Documents cited; and Topics, headings for names and subjects. Structured records are needed for interoperability and sharing. Open access, sustainability issues, and how working notes can complement other infrastructure are discussed in a status report.","PeriodicalId":334849,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127635052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measuring the crowd: a preliminary taxonomy of crowdsourcing metrics 衡量人群:众包指标的初步分类
Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration Pub Date : 2015-08-19 DOI: 10.1145/2788993.2789841
Eoin Cullina, K. Conboy, L. Morgan
{"title":"Measuring the crowd: a preliminary taxonomy of crowdsourcing metrics","authors":"Eoin Cullina, K. Conboy, L. Morgan","doi":"10.1145/2788993.2789841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/2788993.2789841","url":null,"abstract":"Crowdsourcing initiatives benefit from tapping into diversity. A vast plethora of disparate individuals, organizations, frameworks and skillsets can all play a role in sourcing solutions to a challenge. Nevertheless, while crowdsourcing has become a pervasive phenomenon, there is a paucity of research that addresses how the crowdsourcing process is measured. Whereas research has advanced various taxonomies of crowdsourcing none to date have specifically addressed the issue of measuring either specific stages of the crowdsourcing process or the process as a whole. As a first step towards achieving this goal, this research-in-progress paper examines crowdsourcing at the operational level with a view towards (i) identifying the parts of the process (ii) identifying what can be measured and (iii) categorising operational metrics to facilitate deployment in practice. The taxonomy advanced is overarching in nature and can be deployed across disciplines. Furthermore, the preliminary taxonomy presented will offer practitioners a comprehensive list of metrics that will enable them to facilitate comparison across various crowdsourcing initiatives.","PeriodicalId":334849,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Open Collaboration","volume":"2 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131437424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
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