Nigerian Journal of Technology最新文献_第2页

A reliable downlink MIMO algorithm for mitigating the effect of user equipment mobility in multi-user MIMO in fifth-generation and beyond networks 第五代及以后网络多用户多输入多输出（MIMO）中减轻用户设备移动性影响的可靠下行多输入多输出（MIMO）算法

Nigerian Journal of Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.4314/njt.v43i2.16

M. A. Akajewole, D. Onyishi

{"title":"A reliable downlink MIMO algorithm for mitigating the effect of user equipment mobility in multi-user MIMO in fifth-generation and beyond networks","authors":"M. A. Akajewole, D. Onyishi","doi":"10.4314/njt.v43i2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.16","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless systems offer substantial capacity gains over conventional wireless channels, making them well-suited for future high-speed wireless communications. However, ensuring high Quality of Service (QoS) for users in terms of signal quality, data speed, and reliability are some of the challenges of 5G wireless cellular networks. However, the effect of users’ mobility potentially may result in significant inter-beam interference, which increases the probability of outage in a Multi-User-MIMO (MU-MIMO) system. Although several studies have been carried out to mitigate the probability of outage, most of the studies either considered the impact of user mobility or User Equipment (UE) stationarity in determining outage performance or have used methods with high computational complexity that ignore one or both inter-beam interference and interference from the mobile UEs. This paper presents a model that minimizes the outage probability in the downlink of both mobile and stationary UEs in an MU-MIMO system. This proposed model to mitigate the outages encountered by mobile UEs in different scenarios: when a single UE is mobile when half of the UEs are mobile, and when all UEs are mobile within the proposed MU-MIMO system. These scenarios are assessed within a defined time frame to gauge the extent to which they reduce outage probability and enhance the spectral efficiency of the MU-MIMO system. Simulation results showed that the probability of outage in a discrete time frame and for UEs that are mobile in a discrete-time frame increased as the density of M increased. However, the proposed model minimized the probability of outage and improved the spectral efficiency in comparison to existing systems.","PeriodicalId":33360,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Technology","volume":"124 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of water pH on unconfined compressive strength of lime-treated clay soil for liner materials in waste containment facilities 水的酸碱度对石灰处理过的粘土的非收缩抗压强度的影响--用于废物隔离设施的衬垫材料

Nigerian Journal of Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.4314/njt.v43i2.3

E. A. Nyebe, J. E. Sani, G. Moses, I. Ibrahim, E. O. Ameh

{"title":"The effect of water pH on unconfined compressive strength of lime-treated clay soil for liner materials in waste containment facilities","authors":"E. A. Nyebe, J. E. Sani, G. Moses, I. Ibrahim, E. O. Ameh","doi":"10.4314/njt.v43i2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Clay soil obtained from the Gwagwalada area of Abuja in the Northern part of Nigeria was obtained and used for this study to determine the suitability of water pH on soil strength for waste containment facilities such as landfills and surface impoundments. Water pH influences the strength and durability of soils employed in these facilities and the potential for chemical reactions that can damage containment barriers. An unconfined compressive strength test was conducted using British Standard Light (BSL) and British Standard Heavy (BSH) compaction at varying water pH (i.e., Acidic, Neutral, and Alkaline water) to see the effect it can have on the life span of the clay as a liner material. High-quality liner materials must meet the minimum unconfined compressive strength requirement of 200 kN/m2. According to the test outcomes, when the amount of lime in the soil increased, especially at 4% content, the maximum dry density (MDD) increased to 1.81, 1.78, and 1.71 Mg/m3, and the optimum moisture content (OMC) decreased to 15.0,14.0, 16.0% for BSL compaction similar trend to BSH. The MDD is 1.93,1.83, 1.90 Mg/m3, and OMC is 13.2, 14.0, and 12.4% for BSH compaction for acidic, alkaline, and neutral water, respectively. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) decreases as moulding water increases. The UCS values meet the 200 kN/m2 minimum requirement for soils compacted with acidic and neutral pH water for all compaction efforts. When treated with neutral water, the recommendation of 4% lime addition compacted at BSH for liner material construction at -2%, 0, +2% OMC. It is also recommended that alkaline water is unsuitable for constructing liners because it reduces the strength of treated soil.","PeriodicalId":33360,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Technology","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An experimental analysis of machine learning techniques for crop recommendation 用于作物推荐的机器学习技术实验分析

Nigerian Journal of Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.4314/njt.v43i2.13

Saritha Vemulapalli, M. S. Sri, P. Varshitha, P. P. Kumar, T. Vinay

{"title":"An experimental analysis of machine learning techniques for crop recommendation","authors":"Saritha Vemulapalli, M. S. Sri, P. Varshitha, P. P. Kumar, T. Vinay","doi":"10.4314/njt.v43i2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Taking a country into consideration where agriculture remains the primary occupation and farming still happens using conventional methods, the farmers are not able to produce anticipated yields. Modern farming strategies called precision farming play a vital role in improving crop yield and generating more profit for the farmers. This includes recommendations of crops that are suitable for specific fields based on soil conditions, temperature, rainfall, and humidity. To solve this problem, crop recommendation systems play an important role. In this research work, a crop recommendation system (CRS) was implemented using various machine learning algorithms that include random forest, decision trees, extreme gradient boosting (XG boost), and K-nearest neighbors (KNN). Experimental analysis was performed on the dataset collected from Kaggle. The Random Forest algorithm outperforms XG Boost, Decision Tree, and KNN with high accuracy and F1 score of 99.3% and 99.01% respectively. Hyperparameter tuning is additionally performed on XG Boost and Random Forest algorithms to improve accuracy. After hyperparameter tuning, the Random Forest algorithm outperforms XG Boost with an accuracy of 99.5%. ","PeriodicalId":33360,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Technology","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stochastic analysis of outage probability of the cascaded Rayleigh-Rician fading channel using Padé approximation method 使用帕代近似法对级联雷利-里吉安衰减信道的中断概率进行随机分析

Nigerian Journal of Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.4314/njt.v43i2.2

I. A. Ojedokun, F. O. Aweda

{"title":"Stochastic analysis of outage probability of the cascaded Rayleigh-Rician fading channel using Padé approximation method","authors":"I. A. Ojedokun, F. O. Aweda","doi":"10.4314/njt.v43i2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.2","url":null,"abstract":"The dominance of wireless communication (WC) is evident in all areas of life such as Information and Communication Technology (ICT), research, business, academia, etc. However, modelling analysis of WC has been a serious challenge when it involves diversity combining. Previous work has attempted to solve this problem using approximation techniques. These approximation techniques seem to be complex and may be difficult to interpret. The existing practice of using the Probability Density Function (PDF) to analyse multipath fading in a diversity-rich environment is ineffective to handle cascaded fading channels. The current work proposed the Pade Approximation (PA) technique to mitigate the problem. The PA was developed from the generated Moment Generating Function (MGF) by truncating the Taylor series to obtain a rational expression. The approximated rational expressions obtained were transformed into PDF, Cumulative Density Function (CDF) and Outage Probability (Pout). The results show that the Pout reduces as the threshold value increases. The numerical results also shows that the diversity techniques is effective in combating fading because as the number of paths increases, the Pout reduces. The Pout reduces by 17.56% at L=4 from 90.83% at L=1 when there is no diversity. PA is a useful approximation to analyse the behavior of cascaded Rayleigh-Rician channel.","PeriodicalId":33360,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Technology","volume":" 385","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141823844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of resonance circuit on inductive EV charging systems: a specific review 共振电路对感应式电动汽车充电系统的影响：具体评述

Nigerian Journal of Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.4314/njt.v43i2.15

O. Akpeghagha, C. M. Nwosu, E. C. Ejiogu

{"title":"The effect of resonance circuit on inductive EV charging systems: a specific review","authors":"O. Akpeghagha, C. M. Nwosu, E. C. Ejiogu","doi":"10.4314/njt.v43i2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.15","url":null,"abstract":"The resonance circuit's design has a major influence on the inductive electric vehicle (EV) charging system's performance and the distance between the primary and secondary inductive coils. If resonance circuitry is not included in an inductive power transfer (IPT) system, its performance suffers dramatically and its power transfer efficiency suffers significantly. Furthermore, the design of the resonance circuit has a major impact on the rating as well as the voltage and current strains on the semiconductor switches. The sequence, amplitude, and shape of the waveform are determined by the configuration of the energy storage components. The arrangement of these components is critical in defining how the inductive power transfer system behaves and operates. A few popular architectures play an important role in shaping how the system works. In this paper, the significance and effect of resonance circuits on the inductive charging of electric vehicles have been reviewed and discussed comprehensively. Furthermore, a detailed discussion was presented for the second-order resonance circuit, the higher-order resonance circuit, and the hybrid resonance circuit. Additionally, H-bridge resonant inverter topology was discussed and three main resonant architectures for the H-bridge inverter were studied inclusively. They include the inductor-capacitor-inductor (LCL) resonance architecture, switched inductor-capacitor (SLC) resonance architecture, and High-gain resonance architecture. Also, a comparison of these architectures was done and represented in tabular form. Lastly, an analysis of the effect of frequency variations in the resonant circuit architectures","PeriodicalId":33360,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Technology","volume":"104 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhibitive properties of Garcinia kola (GK) in alkaline medium of aluminum alloy (AA4007) 加西考拉（GK）在铝合金（AA4007）碱性介质中的抑制特性

Nigerian Journal of Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.4314/njt.v43i2.10

E. E. Ajike, A. N. Lebe, E. C. Nwaokorongwu, K. D. Ogwo, C. Y. Ahamefula

引用次数: 0

Internet of medical things (IOMT) enabled third-party monitoring model for infectious diseases control during epidemics 启用医疗物联网（IOMT）的流行病期间传染病控制第三方监测模型

Nigerian Journal of Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.4314/njt.v43i2.18

A. I. Erike, C. O. Ikerionwu, Y. U. Mshelia, F. O. Elei

{"title":"Internet of medical things (IOMT) enabled third-party monitoring model for infectious diseases control during epidemics","authors":"A. I. Erike, C. O. Ikerionwu, Y. U. Mshelia, F. O. Elei","doi":"10.4314/njt.v43i2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.18","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious diseases pose a very significant threat to development of the society and the world at large. With several outbreaks of diseases like Monkeypox, Lassa fever, SARS, COVID-19, etc, the global economy was grossly affected. The rate of transfer and mortality associated with similar outbreaks is alarming. This research presents a novel approach utilizing the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) to develop a third-party notification model. This model uses IoMT's ubiquitous connectivity to notify even ordinary individuals of the presence of an infectious disease vector within a specified range. A four-tier architecture, including cloud and web API blocks, healthcare provider management, IoT sensory, and notification blocks forms the bedrock of the model. The research focuses on developing a Location Tracking Device (LTD) prototype that incorporates the Haversine formula for real-time distance calculation between individuals performed at the edge using the location data supplied by the LTDs as input parameters. The optimization of data reception rates was based on the average human walking speed in order to enhance response time of the system. Results from testing the prototype demonstrate an average of 4.68s response delay which corresponds to an offset of about 6.85m from the real vector distance calculation. The research implementation challenges include the internet connection speed, network availability, and topography. Despite these challenges, the IoMT-enabled model introduces a promising approach to infectious disease-carrier monitoring, integrating personalized carrier/vector-presence awareness with associated risks within the disease control ecosystem. Hence, every user can use the LTD during an epidemic to help track the user’s nearness to a symptomatic person thereby helping to control the spread of infectious diseases during epidemics.","PeriodicalId":33360,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Technology","volume":"4 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical corrosion inhibition of cobalt-graphene nano-composite on mild steel in acidic corrosion environment 钴-石墨烯纳米复合材料在酸性腐蚀环境中对低碳钢的电化学缓蚀作用

Nigerian Journal of Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.4314/njt.v43i2.9

O. E. Ashibudike, S. Iweriolor

{"title":"Electrochemical corrosion inhibition of cobalt-graphene nano-composite on mild steel in acidic corrosion environment","authors":"O. E. Ashibudike, S. Iweriolor","doi":"10.4314/njt.v43i2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.9","url":null,"abstract":"There is a continuous need for effective corrosion control materials and the recent advances in nanotechnology show that nanomaterials can play significant roles in corrosion control. Graphene nanoparticles are a well-known nanomaterial and have been employed in various functions including corrosion control. The electrochemical investigation was conducted to ascertain the inhibition efficiency of cobalt graphene nanocomposite. Coupon preparation involved marking out different 30 x 30 mm2 mild steel coupons that were subjected to corrosion in an acidic environment. Three different compositions of the composite used for the study includes 0.70 weight (wt)% cobalt /0.30 weight (wt)%, graphene , 0.55 weight (wt)% cobalt /0.45 weight (wt)%, graphene , 0.85 weight (wt)% cobalt /0.15 weight (wt)%, grapheme respectively. The corrosion tests were open circuit potential and linear sweep Voltammetry. Characterization was done using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), The chemical characteristics of the inhibitor were achieved using Energy dispersive X-ray,SpectroscopyEDX, Parameters used for the corrosion analysis are corrosion rate, polarization resistance, and electric potentials analysis. It was observed that the composite with 0.85 weight% cobalt and 0.15 weigth% graphene exhibited the best anti-corrosion property with the best inhibitor efficiency at a concentration of 0.4grams. The addition of graphene nanoparticles improved the mechanical properties of the composite's microstructure.\" The synthesized nanocomposite can be applied for corrosion control either as an inhibitor or as a coating. The nanocomposite, cobalt- graphene was therefore proven to be a good anti-corrosion material at a low concentration of graphene. This is an improvement in corrosion resistance and it is believed to serve as a good coating due to its adsorption properties.","PeriodicalId":33360,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Technology","volume":" 603","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141823538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of wetland plants treatment potentials for acid mine drainage in Tanzania 评估坦桑尼亚湿地植物处理酸性矿井排水的潜力

Nigerian Journal of Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.4314/njt.v43i2.21

A. MarwA

{"title":"Evaluation of wetland plants treatment potentials for acid mine drainage in Tanzania","authors":"A. MarwA","doi":"10.4314/njt.v43i2.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.21","url":null,"abstract":"Acid mine drainage occurs when sulfide minerals in mining activities come into contact with water and air, generating water with a low pH, high levels of sulfate, and metals. Treating acid mine drainage is a major challenge in gold mining operations worldwide and can be very costly. This study aims to screen and experimentally test potential local wetland plants for acid mine drainage treatment. Selected wetland plants were tested in a 12-liter plastic container, simulating a wetland treatment. The results of this study revealed that four out of six plants survived under acid mine drainage conditions. These plants included Cyperus imbricatus, Pennisetum purpureum, Typha latifolia, and Phragmites mauritianus,which all showed survival over the 63 days of experimental monitoring. The remaining two plants, Ipomea aquatica and water lotus (Nymphaeaceae), died within seven days of the experiment. The surviving plants were able to increase the pH from 3.2 to 7.1 and lower the levels of sulfate and metals in the acid mine drainage water. Furthermore, these four plants were able to improve the water quality by more than 94%, reducing heavy metal levels significantly (Mn from 53 to 1 mg/L, Ni from 2.4 to 0.3 mg/L, and Fe from 2.3 to 0.03 mg/L). This study suggests that selected local wetland plants have the potential to be a sustainable technology for treating acid mine drainage water.","PeriodicalId":33360,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Technology","volume":"124 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leveraging agrivoltaics to increase food, energy, and water access in the global south: a case study Sub-Saharan Africa 利用农业光伏技术增加全球南部获得粮食、能源和水的机会：撒哈拉以南非洲案例研究

Nigerian Journal of Technology Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.4314/njt.v43i2.20

W. Ebhota, P. Tabakov, Chidozie Charles

{"title":"Leveraging agrivoltaics to increase food, energy, and water access in the global south: a case study Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"W. Ebhota, P. Tabakov, Chidozie Charles","doi":"10.4314/njt.v43i2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.20","url":null,"abstract":"Today, about 760 million people, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Asia, are without access to electricity; over 2.5 billion people are without access to clean cooking facilities and this is connected to around 2.5 million premature deaths yearly; and modern sustainable energy supply is to account for only 18% by 2030. Over half of the global undernourished lives in Asia (418 million) and over one-third are found in Africa (282 million); SSA Latin America and the Caribbean were noted for the highest food insecurity (66.2%). Sub-Saharan Africa faces complex and interconnected challenges of food, energy, and water (FEW), which have significant implications for the region's socio-economic development and the well-being of the people. The study aims to assess the socioeconomic advantages and potential drawbacks of agrivoltaics through the following study objectives: to x-ray and discuss agrivoltaics brief history, principle, and merits of agrivoltaics; to examine the impacts of shades created by PV panels on crop performance. Others are examining the impacts of panels and crops on microclimate conditions; and evaluation and identification of steps required for developing and deploying agrivoltaics in SSA in SSA. This study recognises agrivoltaics as a single-solution approach with multiple effects that need to be developed and deployed. This study identifies universities and other research institutions, governments, non-government organisations (NGOs), private sector entities, and international organizations as stakeholders that need to collaborate and invest in research on agrivoltaics. The research proposes embracing and customising agrivoltaics approaches in SSA, taking cues from the development trajectories observed in Europe and America.","PeriodicalId":33360,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Technology","volume":"108 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0