{"title":"Compositional militarisation of Nigerian art music for the orchestra in Ovaborhene Idamoyibo’s “Colonel Eru March”","authors":"Sunday Ofuani, Esther Nkechi Osadebe","doi":"10.58721/amo.v13i1.579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58721/amo.v13i1.579","url":null,"abstract":"A musical composition would be more appreciated if the inspirational, sociological, philosophical, and creative influences that informed its creation were elucidated and understood through analysis. This author contributes to knowledge growth in the foregoing perspective through a sociological and creative study of “Colonel Eru March”–an orchestra piece composed by Ovaborhene Idamoyibo through the creative utilisation of military ideologies, imageries, and rhythmic nuances. Through a combination of sociological, literary, and descriptive statistical analysis methods, the inspirational, philosophical, and creative premises of the piece are divulged. The composer’s style of intercultural creativity is also disclosed through a critical examination of the indigenous and foreign musical materials, idioms, and media synthesised in the piece. ","PeriodicalId":333205,"journal":{"name":"African Musicology Online","volume":"89 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141359553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preserving the nyunganyunga mbira tunes through teaching and learning of performance using Sibelius 7","authors":"Richard Muranda","doi":"10.58721/amo.v13i1.568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58721/amo.v13i1.568","url":null,"abstract":"The study focused on preserving mbira tunes by using transcription with Sibelius 7. The researcher purposively selected (7 females and 8 males) music students to play the transcribed ‘Bungautete’, ‘Chigwaya’, ‘Guva rangu’, and ‘Nhemamusasa’ on the nyunganyunga mbira. Action research and the computer-assisted method guided the lessons. The study followed UNESCO’s decree on Safeguarding cultural heritage aiming to protect the world’s intangible cultural heritage through upholding practices, uses, and expression of knowledge that communities recognise as vital to their culture. The advent of computers in music education offers advantages to music educators and students to use emerging technologies in class. The nyunganyunga mbira in recent years gained recognition in primary, secondary and tertiary music education in Zimbabwe and beyond. Materials from the study are useful in teaching the nyunganyunga mbira to the current and future generations. The study proffers ways to preserve and present the tunes in print, PDF, audio, MP3, and MIDI formats as instructional materials. The study affords knowledge on how to use the software in teaching the nyunganyunga mbira. It also provides material and knowledge useful in schools, colleges, and universities in music education. Further studies may be needed to cater for other mbira types. ","PeriodicalId":333205,"journal":{"name":"African Musicology Online","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Free music streaming for Kenyan independent artists: A blessing in disguise?","authors":"Amon Kipyegon Kirui","doi":"10.58721/amo.v12i2.361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58721/amo.v12i2.361","url":null,"abstract":"The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) has left an indelible mark on the music industry, driven by technological innovations. In Kenya, on-demand music streaming and downloading platforms have emerged as potent tools, empowering independent artists to access broader audiences without the traditional reliance on record labels or physical distribution channels. However, this transformative model has ignited debates within the industry. While some artists thrive in this access-based ecosystem, concerns loom large over the platforms' intermediary roles and the meagre royalties disbursed to artists, underscoring an urgent call for equitable compensation. This study takes a qualitative approach, utilising in-depth interviews and secondary data analysis, to delve into the impact of free music streaming and downloading platforms on independent artists in Kenya. It unravels a complex tapestry of both positive and negative impacts on these artists. The discussion concludes by shedding light on the opportunities that have arisen for artists due to the prevalence of free music streaming services. Ultimately, this study puts forth recommendations geared toward fostering a sustainable and fair music industry. It seeks to deepen our comprehension of the evolving dynamics within the Kenyan music industry, inform policies and strategies tailored to the digital age, and attempt to address the persistent concerns surrounding artist compensation and the role of technology in the field. ","PeriodicalId":333205,"journal":{"name":"African Musicology Online","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138603677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Traditions and innovations in the liturgical music of the Cherubim and Seraphim Movement Church (Ayo ni o) Lagos state","authors":"Omolara Olasunbo Loko","doi":"10.58721/amo.v12i2.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58721/amo.v12i2.344","url":null,"abstract":"The liturgy of the Cherubim and Seraphim Movement Church (Ayo ni o) Lagos State, Nigeria, is characterised by various worship activities such as prayer, reading of the bible, ringing of the bell, and singing, to mention few, and scholars have noted music to constitute a greater part of it. While some aspects of the church’s worship rites are considered rigid and fixed, modernisation and technology continue to redefine some of its religious practices, especially liturgical music. Much of the studies on the church focused on issues surrounding traditions, the liturgy, and musical practices. However, little is known about the recent changes and continuities that have attended the church's liturgy. This study seeks to deconstruct the existing tradition in the liturgical music of the C&S movement against the backdrop of newly introduced innovations. It further investigates agents of innovation and the attendant reactions of the members to the change. The theory that informs this study is transformation leadership. The researcher used incidental sampling to interview key church members in Lagos districts. In addition, participant observation was also employed. Data were subjected to content analysis. The study argues that despite newly introduced innovations, some of the old traditions in the liturgical music of the church are still practised and maintained.","PeriodicalId":333205,"journal":{"name":"African Musicology Online","volume":"48 19","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135818411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transcending Space, Time and Culture through Intercultural Musical Dialogue","authors":"KettyJackline Maina","doi":"10.58721/amo.v12i2.342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58721/amo.v12i2.342","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the creative industry in Kenya has seen a rise in consumption of art from other countries. This is due to the influence of global and modern trends on local media and the Kenyan audience. Consequently, various stakeholders in the artistic domain have taken personal initiatives to advocate for the production, performance and airing of local art to promote Kenyan content. They strive to appeal to the public’s taste, create demand for Kenyan art, and influence the media as well as government broadcasting policies. Musicians in Nairobi (Kenya’s capital city) for instance, elevate Kenyan music by collaborating with local and foreign bars, restaurants, government and non-governmental organisations which sponsor musical events and provide platforms for them to exhibit their music, and that of other artists. They also redefine the country’s urban sound by localising genres from other countries, incorporating indigenous styles from Kenyan ethnic groups, and reworking Kenyan oldies. By doing that, they interact with individuals from different generations, cultures, and geographical spaces, traversing musical and cultural boundaries, and acquiring new audiences. Using in-depth interviews, I explore how these musicians and other stakeholders in Nairobi’s music scene, manage to promote and create demand for Kenyan styles both locally and internationally. Additionally, observing performances, and interacting with some of the audience members aid in interrogating urban genres that transcend time and space, linking and appealing to various cultures while gaining new audiences.","PeriodicalId":333205,"journal":{"name":"African Musicology Online","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135271291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A survey on the uptake of software and hardware resources for music production in Zimbabwean contemporary music","authors":"Absolom Mutavati, R. Muranda","doi":"10.58721/amo.v12i2.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58721/amo.v12i2.262","url":null,"abstract":"The study surveyed the uptake of software and hardware for music production. The research examined the challenges that Zimbabwean music producers face in accessing software and hardware associated with production. Through qualitative research, 26 participants including musicians and music producers, were purposively sampled from Harare the capital city of Zimbabwe and Midlands State University in Gweru. The researchers secured participants’ informed consent and assurance of their freedom to withdraw from the study any time. Data were gathered through interviews online video and voice calls coupled with detailed questionnaires with open ended questions. Data were captured using voice recorders and note taking. The researchers analysed the data through a thematic approach basing on the Actor-Network Theory. The researchers focused on instruments and music productiontools associated with its production. Different software such as Cubase, Fruity Loops, Logic Pro X and Pro Tools 12 and hardware such as small audio interfares, keyrigs, and live musical instruments Mbira, Marimba, guitars, keyboards, live drums,ngoma, congas were in use in music production. However, some of the software were cracked versions allegedly due to high procurement cost. Accessing free resources on the internet was a challenge due to poor internet connectivity and high costs of data. There were limited opportunities for formal training in music production. Notwithstanding the challenges, music productions were undertaken with both analogue and digital resources. Aspirant music producers need to be proactive and explore the internet’s free resources to gain knowledge about music production. Future research should cover a wider geographic to gather comprehensive data on the state of music production in Zimbabwe. ","PeriodicalId":333205,"journal":{"name":"African Musicology Online","volume":"182 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121799065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decolonizing the African musical language and Identity through Onyeji’s ‘Research Approach to music composition’ in Nigeria","authors":"O. E. Ekpo","doi":"10.58721/amo.v12i2.258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58721/amo.v12i2.258","url":null,"abstract":"Ongoing research in the arts, humanities and social sciences has largely explored different subjects on decolonising African socio-cultural perspectives, including music composition and performances. Art music composers in Nigeria and diaspora beyond creative expression have adopted their native languages as a viable tool for decolonising their continent. More recently, works and arguments of music scholars like Meki Nzewi, Dan Agu, Bode Omojola, Olusoji Stephen, and Christian Onyeji, among so many, have emphasised the deliberate creative engagement of indigenous languages and musical idioms as a tool for recovering Nigerian indigenous identity and sustainability of their indigenous musical cultures. Building on Hofstede’s theory on cross-cultural interactions and Vygotsky’s Sociocultural theory in addressing the issue of decolonising Africa through music and language, the study employed qualitative and ethnographic research methods to investigate the significance of Onyeji’s research compositional approach in sustaining African musical culture and identity. The study findings based on the analysis of the music piece “Abigbo for Modern Orchestra” and its creative milieu within the context of decolonisation conclude that art music composition based on thorough cultural investigations of a particular musical style or ensemble for heritage preservation is an effective medium of decolonising African music and language.","PeriodicalId":333205,"journal":{"name":"African Musicology Online","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116513740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Barasa, Lucy Mandillah, Lydia Anyonje, J. Matseshe
{"title":"The ritualistic nuances of Efumbo: The Mystical Bukusu Drum","authors":"D. Barasa, Lucy Mandillah, Lydia Anyonje, J. Matseshe","doi":"10.58721/amo.v12i2.256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58721/amo.v12i2.256","url":null,"abstract":"Communities in Western Kenya have over time used drums and drumming for education, emotional expression, aesthetics, communication, symbolic validation, condemnation, information, therapeutic, and religious rituals, contributing to the continuity and stability of culture. However, critical aspects of traditions and rituals around the drums are likely to be lost due to a lack of sufficient documentation and the dwindling social institutions for which they were initially known (such as traditional circumcision ceremonies). This article investigated the ritualistic nuances associated with Efumbo ‘the mystical Bukusu drum’. The article argues that there is a rich cultural expression of the rituals of the Bukusu manifested through the drum tradition. As such, Efumbo in the Bukusu community is played in various functions such as circumcision, weddings, funerals, invoking spirits of barrenness, and prayer sessions when a spirit possesses one. The documentation of Efumbo and the traditions associated with it will improve and preserve the creative and cultural works of the drummers, drum makers, and allied.","PeriodicalId":333205,"journal":{"name":"African Musicology Online","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129385312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Music as a medium for communication, education and information dissemination: enhancing resilience among urban dwellers in Zimbabwe","authors":"C. Chipendo, Western Chimbudzi, K. Moyo","doi":"10.58721/amo.v12i2.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58721/amo.v12i2.255","url":null,"abstract":"The major focus of the study was to use music to communicate, educate and disseminate information that helps curb suicidal and drug abuse cases among Zimbabwean communities. Zimbabwe as a country is facing severe economic challenges, which in turn has brought about much suffering to the people. As a result, some of them end up engaging in drugs or committing suicide in response to the challenges bewildering the country. This study was qualitative, superimposed on action research and a survey. Roadshows targeting some members of the Gweru communities were organised. The songs performed at the road shows carried lyrics meant to disseminate information about hope, inspiration, and patience. Purposively sampled respondents were drawn from a population of three communities in Gweru who attended the road shows that were held in their respective constituencies. The informants were picked up on the researchers’ knowledge of their capacity to inform the study. Open-ended interviews were conducted after the shows were held, to appreciate how effective the songs were in disseminating intended messages. The findings of this study revealed that the songs that were performed at roadshows helped in giving the people hope, encouragement, and perseverance in the wake of economic challenges as well as cultivating the spirit of hard work and resilience among them. It can therefore be recommended that music therapy centres, road shows and other such performances be organised in various communities to help counsel people reeling from depression and other related illnesses.","PeriodicalId":333205,"journal":{"name":"African Musicology Online","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130327384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acceptance of contemporary songs in the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe liturgy: Ruwa section, Goromonzi","authors":"R. Muranda, Egnes Banda","doi":"10.58721/amo.v12i1.252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58721/amo.v12i1.252","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the use of songs from outside the worship liturgy of the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe (MCZ) in the Ruwa Section, Goromonzi Circuit. The circuit had six congregations with mixed views on the above-referred songs. A debate on the choice of worship songs was identified as a problem that needed research. The researchers looked at the spirituality of songs and their bearing on the MCZ music tradition. The researchers adopted a qualitative research paradigm. Data was collected through interviews, focus group discussions, a self-administered questionnaire and participant observation over four months. A sample of 120 informants was drawn from the youth, choristers, the elderly, and church leaders using stratified random and simple random sampling techniques. Findings show that not all songs drew congregants into spirituality. Regardless of spirituality in Christian contemporary worship songs, some MCZ members did not embrace the songs as they were from outside their canon. The research observed that some youths and middle aged MCZ members embraced worship songs that reflected their cultural musical styles. However, some of the songs regardless of the Christian text, lacked spirituality. The researchers recommend that the MCZ consider canonising some of the contemporary worship songs based on spirituality.","PeriodicalId":333205,"journal":{"name":"African Musicology Online","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122657571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}