{"title":"Effect of fragmentation of kerangas forest on small mammal community structure in Brunei Darussalam","authors":"Siti Salwa Abd Khalid, Ulmar Grafe","doi":"10.46537/scibru.v16i2.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46537/scibru.v16i2.62","url":null,"abstract":"Widespread and rapid forest loss and disturbance have resulted in increased fragmentation of tropical forests. The impacts of forest disturbance and fragmentation on small mammals have been widely studied across the tropics and these studies have highlighted the detrimental effects. However, there is limited understanding on the impacts on small mammals in Borneo. This study investigated the impacts of fragmentation on small mammal community structure in lowland coastal heath forests known as kerangas forests, in Brunei Darussalam. Twelve study sites were compared in three forest types: fragmented (2.07-17.6 ha), disturbed (443.55-483.79 ha) and undisturbed (>500 ha) forests. In addition, the correlations between species richness, abundance and biomass of small mammals, and forest size were investigated. There was a clear change in species composition in the different forest types. Fragmented forests had the lowest species richness but the highest pooled abundance and biomass compared with disturbed and undisturbed forests. Species richness increased with forest size as predicted by the theory of island biogeography. In contrast, abundance and biomass was negatively correlated to forest size. Factors that contribute to the pronounced decline in species richness in fragmented forests include loss of rare and native forest species, reduced forest size in fragmented forests and distance effect. We suggest that a release from top-down control by predators and favourable conditions as a result from forest fragmentation are responsible for higher abundance and biomass of small mammals in fragmented forests.","PeriodicalId":332684,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Bruneiana","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121630427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Z. Zarkasi, K. Sheng, Teh Faridah Nazari, N. Muhammad, A. Abdullah
{"title":"Bacterial community diversity associated with blood cockle (Anadara granosa) in Penang, Malaysia","authors":"K. Z. Zarkasi, K. Sheng, Teh Faridah Nazari, N. Muhammad, A. Abdullah","doi":"10.46537/scibru.v16i2.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46537/scibru.v16i2.64","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial communities of blood cockles (Anadara granosa) collected from wet market across Penang, Malaysia, were examined using a cultivation method. This study aimed to describe the major abundance of blood cockle bacteria and its relationship with different sampling locations. 16S rRNA gene analysis and culturable bacterial numbers were found to be slightly different between samples in two different locations potentially due to management, handling, transport and storage practices by the farmers, distributors and retailers. Results from this study indicated that most of bacteria found were typically present in blood cockles. The results revealed that there were slight similarities between sampling times; and slight differences on bacterial numbers between two different sampling locations. Based on the results, the blood cockle microbial communities comprised of members of the genera Klebsiella and Bacillus, which are greatly predominant, with highly dynamic of bacterial communities. Other bacterial genera found were E.coli, Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus and Micrococcus. The overall data demonstrated dynamic bacterial communities in blood cockles (Anadara granosa) and its diversity.","PeriodicalId":332684,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Bruneiana","volume":"18 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132898723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Seagrass diversity in Brunei Darussalam: first records of three species","authors":"Nadhirah Lamit, Yasuaki Tanaka, H. Majid","doi":"10.46537/SCIBRU.V16I2.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46537/SCIBRU.V16I2.65","url":null,"abstract":"Borneo is one of the regions expected to have the highest diversity of seagrasses in the world. However, the diversity of seagrasses has scarcely been studied in Brunei Darussalam. The diversity of seagrasses at the intertidal and subtidal zones in Brunei was extensively surveyed in 2016. Six species of seagrasses were found at Pulau Muara Besar and Pulau Bedukang, and this was the first time that three of them (Halophila beccarii, Halodule pinifolia, and Cymodocea rotundata) had been recorded in Brunei. The total area of seagrass distribution around the two islands was approximately 1.5 km2. The present study extends the distribution of seagrasses on Borneo and suggests that Brunei has a rich seagrass diversity and an aquatic ecosystem supported by the seagrasses.","PeriodicalId":332684,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Bruneiana","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129237126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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