Advanced Photonics最新文献

{"title":"Electrically programmable phase-change photonic memory for optical neural networks with nanoseconds in situ training capability","authors":"Maoliang Wei, Junying Li, Zequn Chen, Bo Tang, Zhiqi Jia, Peng Zhang, Kunhao Lei, Kai Xu, Jianghong Wu, Chuyu Zhong, Hui Ma, Yuting Ye, Jia‐Hau Jian, Chunlei Sun, Ruonan Liu, Ying Sun, W. E. Sha, Xiaoyong Hu, Jianyi Yang, Lan Li, Hongtao Lin","doi":"10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Optical neural networks (ONNs), enabling low latency and high parallel data processing without electromagnetic interference, have become a viable player for fast and energy-efficient processing and calculation to meet the increasing demand for hash rate. Photonic memories employing nonvolatile phase-change materials could achieve zero static power consumption, low thermal cross talk, large-scale, and high-energy-efficient photonic neural networks. Nevertheless, the switching speed and dynamic energy consumption of phase-change material-based photonic memories make them inapplicable for in situ training. Here, by integrating a patch of phase change thin film with a PIN-diode-embedded microring resonator, a bifunctional photonic memory enabling both 5-bit storage and nanoseconds volatile modulation was demonstrated. For the first time, a concept is presented for electrically programmable phase-change material-driven photonic memory integrated with nanosecond modulation to allow fast in situ training and zero static power consumption data processing in ONNs. ONNs with an optical convolution kernel constructed by our photonic memory theoretically achieved an accuracy of predictions higher than 95% when tested by the MNIST handwritten digit database. This provides a feasible solution to constructing large-scale nonvolatile ONNs with high-speed in situ training capability.","PeriodicalId":33241,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics","volume":"5 1","pages":"046004 - 046004"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43907695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear optical trapping effect with reverse saturable absorption","authors":"Zheng Zhu, Yuquan Zhang, Shuoshuo Zhang, A. Adam, C. Min, H. P. Urbach, Xiaocong Yuan","doi":"10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Nonlinear responses of nanoparticles induce enlightening phenomena in optical tweezers. With the gradual increase in optical intensity, effects from saturable absorption (SA) and reverse SA (RSA) arise in sequence and thereby modulate the nonlinear properties of materials. In current nonlinear optical traps, however, the underlying physical mechanism is mainly confined within the SA regime because threshold values required to excite the RSA regime are extremely high. Herein, we demonstrate, both in theory and experiment, nonlinear optical tweezing within the RSA regime, proving that a fascinating composite trapping state is achievable at ultrahigh intensities through an optical force reversal induced through nonlinear absorption. Integrated results help in perfecting the nonlinear optical trapping system, thereby providing beneficial guidance for wider applications of nonlinear optics.","PeriodicalId":33241,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics","volume":"5 1","pages":"046006 - 046006"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49476763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transparent glassy composites incorporating lead-free anti-perovskite halide nanocrystals enable tunable emission and ultrastable X-ray imaging","authors":"Yakun Le, Xiongjian Huang, Hao Zhang, Zhihao Zhou, Dandan Yang, Bozhao Yin, Xiaofeng Liu, Z. Xia, Jianrong Qiu, Zhongmin Yang, G. Dong","doi":"10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Lead halide perovskite materials exhibit excellent scintillation performance, which, however, suffer from serious stability and toxicity problems. In contrast, the heavy metal-free anti-perovskite materials   [  MX4  ]  XA3 (A = alkali metal; M = transition metal; X = Cl, Br, I), a class of electron-inverted perovskite derivatives, exhibit robust structural and photophysical stability. Here, we design and prepare a lead-free   [  MnBr4  ]  BrCs3 anti-perovskite nanocrystal (NC)-embedded glass for efficient X-ray-excited luminescence with high-resolution X-ray imaging with a spatial resolution of 19.1  lp mm  −  1. Due to the unique crystal structure and the protection of the glass matrix, the Cs3MnBr5 NC-embedded glass exhibits excellent X-ray irradiation stability, thermal stability, and water resistance. These merits enable the demonstration of real-time and durable X-ray radiography based on the developed glassy composite. This work could stimulate the research and development of novel metal halide anti-perovskite materials and open a new path for future development in the field of high-resolution and ultrastable X-ray imaging.","PeriodicalId":33241,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics","volume":"5 1","pages":"046002 - 046002"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47581520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear harmonic wave manipulation in nonlinear scattering medium via scattering-matrix method","authors":"Fengchao Ni, Haigang Liu, Yuanlin Zheng, Xianfeng Chen","doi":"10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Scattering of waves, e.g., light, due to medium inhomogeneity is ubiquitous in physics and is considered detrimental for many applications. Wavefront shaping technology is a powerful tool to defeat scattering and focus light through inhomogeneous media, which is vital for optical imaging, communication, therapy, etc. Wavefront shaping based on the scattering matrix (SM) is extremely useful in handling dynamic processes in the linear regime. However, the implementation of such a method for controlling light in nonlinear media is still a challenge and has been unexplored until now. We report a method to determine the SM of nonlinear scattering media with second-order nonlinearity. We experimentally demonstrate its feasibility in wavefront control and realize focusing of nonlinear signals through strongly scattering quadratic media. Moreover, we show that statistical properties of this SM still follow the random matrix theory. The scattering-matrix approach of nonlinear scattering medium opens a path toward nonlinear signal recovery, nonlinear imaging, microscopic object tracking, and complex environment quantum information processing.","PeriodicalId":33241,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics","volume":"5 1","pages":"046010 - 046010"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44611774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generating a sub-nanometer-confined optical field in a nanoslit waveguiding mode","authors":"Liu Yang, Zhanke Zhou, Hao-Ran Wu, Hongliang Dang, Yuxin Yang, Jiaxin Gao, Xin Guo, Pan Wang, Liming Tong","doi":"10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We propose to generate a sub-nanometer-confined optical field in a nanoslit waveguiding mode in a coupled nanowire pair (CNP). We show that, when a conventional waveguide mode with a proper polarization is evanescently coupled into a properly designed CNP with a central nanoslit, it can be efficiently channeled into a high-purity nanoslit mode within a waveguiding length <10  μm. The CNP can be either freestanding or on-chip by using a tapered fiber or planar waveguide for input-coupling, with a coupling efficiency up to 95%. Within the slit region, the output diffraction-limited nanoslit mode offers an extremely confined optical field (∼0.3  nm  ×  3.3  nm) with a peak-to-background ratio higher than 25 dB and can be operated within a 200-nm bandwidth. The group velocity dispersion of the nanoslit mode for ultrafast pulsed operation is also briefly investigated. Compared with the previous lasing configuration, the waveguiding scheme demonstrated here is not only simple and straightforward in structural design but is also much flexible and versatile in operation. Therefore, the waveguiding scheme we show here may offer an efficient and flexible platform for exploring light–matter interactions beyond the nanometer scale, and developing optical technologies ranging from superresolution nanoscopy and atom/molecule manipulation to ultra-sensitivity detection.","PeriodicalId":33241,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics","volume":"5 1","pages":"046003 - 046003"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42436590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nondiffractive polarization feature of optical vortices","authors":"Zhenwei Xie","doi":"10.1117/1.ap.5.3.030503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.ap.5.3.030503","url":null,"abstract":"Optical vortices have been extensively researched in recent years for applications in optical manipulation, orbital angular momentum, optical mode multiplexing, and quantum information. When the polarizations (spin angular momentum) encounter the phase singularity (orbital angular momentum) of an optical vortex, spin-orbit interaction occurs, leading to the discovery of even more fascinating features such as optical skyrmions and polarization robustness. Optical vortices are like a rich goldmine with many more fascinating features yet to be revealed. Recently, in Advanced Photonics Nexus, Andrei Afanasev from GeorgeWashington University, USA, in collaboration with the research group of Anatoly V. Zayats from King’s College London, UK, demonstrated through theoretical analysis and simulation that certain polarization features of vortex beams maintain constant transverse spatial dimensions, independent of beam diffraction. These polarization features appear near phase singularities and are related to the presence of longitudinal electric fields. Traditionally, research on nondiffracting beams has mainly focused on their intensity distributions, which enable them to travel in free space without significant spreading over distances far exceeding the normal Rayleigh length. Examples of such beams include the nondiffracting Bessel beam and Airy beam. Typically, these nondiffracting beams originated from the pursuit of packet-like solutions to Maxwell’s free space wave equation, resulting in nondiffractive features limited to the intensity of the electromagnetic fields or the energy flow, with polarization properties being neglected. However, when polarization is taken into consideration, the nondiffractive character is still accompanied by intensity divergence of these beams. In other words, when intensity is diffractive, polarization is also diffractive. In their report, A. Afanasev and A. V. Zayats demonstrate, both theoretically and numerically, that the transverse dimension of the partial polarization feature of an optical vortex beam remains unaffected by beam diffraction (see Fig. 1). This remarkable effect is attributed to the phase singularity of the beam cross-section, resulting from the interaction of the longitudinal and transverse electromagnetic fields in the vector vortex. The nondiffraction behavior in the three-dimensional polarization of vortex beams is analyzed using a paraxial simplified analytical model and nonparaxial numerical simulation. It is important to note that the longitudinal field of the vortex beam cannot be ignored, as it may affect the accuracy of the simulation study. The existence of the longitudinal field in a 3D vortex field makes the conventional 2D polarization description of Stokes parameters incomplete. Therefore, the authors have adopted the convention description of polarization for spin-1 particles, which includes matrices of the spin vector and the quadrupolar tensor. Typically, the py, pzz, and pxx-pyy par","PeriodicalId":33241,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49271064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surpassing 1,000,000 resolving points in chaotic Brillouin sensing","authors":"Y. Mizuno","doi":"10.1117/1.ap.5.3.030502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.ap.5.3.030502","url":null,"abstract":"Optical fiber sensors have played a pivotal role in structural health monitoring for over half a century, owing to their inherent advantages such as lightweight design, compactness, immunity to electromagnetic interference","PeriodicalId":33241,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43217801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial symmetries in nonlocal multipolar metasurfaces","authors":"K. Achouri, V. Tiukuvaara, O. Martin","doi":"10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.AP.5.4.046001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. We propose a framework that connects the spatial symmetries of a metasurface to its material parameter tensors and its scattering matrix. This provides a simple and universal way to effortlessly determine the properties of a metasurface scattering response, such as chirality or asymmetric transmission, and which of its effective material parameters should be taken into account in the prospect of a homogenization procedure. In contrast to existing techniques, this approach does not require any a priori knowledge of group theory or complicated numerical simulation schemes, hence making it fast, easy to use and accessible. Its working principle consists in recursively solving symmetry-invariance conditions that apply to dipolar and quadrupolar material parameters, which include nonlocal interactions, as well as the metasurface scattering matrix. The overall process thus only requires listing the spatial symmetries of the metasurface. Using the proposed framework, we demonstrate the existence of multipolar extrinsic chirality, which is a form of chiral response that is achieved in geometrically achiral structures sensitive to field gradients, even at normal incidence.","PeriodicalId":33241,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics","volume":"5 1","pages":"046001 - 046001"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44766390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Writing nanometer-scale structures for centimeter-scale color printing","authors":"Younghwan Yang, Trevon Badloe, J. Rho","doi":"10.1117/1.ap.5.3.030501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.ap.5.3.030501","url":null,"abstract":"Younghwan Yang, Trevon Badloe, and Junsuk Rho* Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang, Republic of Korea Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence, Pohang, Republic of Korea Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang, Republic of Korea POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics, Pohang, Republic of Korea","PeriodicalId":33241,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46557085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metasurface-enabled augmented reality display: a review","authors":"Zeyang Liu, Danyan Wang, Hao Gao, Moxin Li, Huixian Zhou, Cheng Zhang","doi":"10.1117/1.AP.5.3.034001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/1.AP.5.3.034001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Augmented reality (AR) display, which superimposes virtual images on ambient scene, can visually blend the physical world and the digital world and thus opens a new vista for human–machine interaction. AR display is considered as one of the next-generation display technologies and has been drawing huge attention from both academia and industry. Current AR display systems operate based on a combination of various refractive, reflective, and diffractive optical elements, such as lenses, prisms, mirrors, and gratings. Constrained by the underlying physical mechanisms, these conventional elements only provide limited light-field modulation capability and suffer from issues such as bulky volume and considerable dispersion, resulting in large size, severe chromatic aberration, and narrow field of view of the composed AR display system. Recent years have witnessed the emerging of a new type of optical elements—metasurfaces, which are planar arrays of subwavelength electromagnetic structures that feature an ultracompact footprint and flexible light-field modulation capability, and are widely believed to be an enabling tool for overcoming the limitations faced by current AR displays. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive review on the recent development of metasurface-enabled AR display technology. We first familiarize readers with the fundamentals of AR display, covering its basic working principle, existing conventional-optics-based solutions, as well as the associated pros and cons. We then introduce the concept of optical metasurfaces, emphasizing typical operating mechanisms, and representative phase modulation methods. We elaborate on three kinds of metasurface devices, namely, metalenses, metacouplers, and metaholograms, which have empowered different forms of AR displays. Their physical principles, device designs, and the performance improvement of the associated AR displays are explained in details. In the end, we discuss the existing challenges of metasurface optics for AR display applications and provide our perspective on future research endeavors.","PeriodicalId":33241,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Photonics","volume":"5 1","pages":"034001 - 034001"},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48334909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}