2021 IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments (WiSEE)最新文献

{"title":"Challenged Networks to Challenged Computing: An Untapped Potential for Future Space Exploration","authors":"K. Sinha, B. Sinha","doi":"10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613830","url":null,"abstract":"Challenged networks represent a class of networks characterized by widely varying network conditions such as intermittent connectivity, a heterogeneous mix of resource-constrained nodes, long and variable message communication time, bidirectional data-rate asymmetries and, high failure rate of nodes. In such deployment scenarios, connectivity is not well served either by the standard Internet architecture and protocols, or by traditional mobile ad hoc network (MANET) and wireless sensor network (WSN) routing schemes. Given that advances in hardware technology have been continuously improving the computing and storage capabilities of nodes in challenged networks, there is a huge untapped potential for embedding complex control and analytic services in such networks. In this paper, we propose a first-of-its-kind distributed computing framework called challenged computing for providing timely, secure and dependable in-network computational services for complex and diverse types of space missions. We introduce a novel Weighted Temporal Graph model to capture the realistic dynamic and adversarial network conditions in the envisioned space-based challenged networks. We then present a discussion of the key service components and their associated research challenges towards realizing our proposed challenged computing framework in the context of overlaying a distributed computing environment over a space-based challenged network.","PeriodicalId":331829,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments (WiSEE)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115710480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forecasting the total electron content TEC of the ionosphere using space weather parameters","authors":"A. Kharakhashyan, O. Maltseva, G. Glebova","doi":"10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613829","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, an increasing number of studies on the influence of space weather on the ionosphere appeared. The main parameter of the ionosphere is the total electron content TEC, the prediction of which is an important task. One of the approaches to forecasting TEC is the use of the most common and successful statistical methods of the forecast from other areas of science. However, preliminary research has shown that direct application of these methods to TEC time series may not always give positive results. Therefore, in this paper, two modifications of the existing autoregressive moving average (ARMA) and polynomial regression methods are proposed. TEC values obtained for modified methods are compared with values obtained using standard approaches. Additionally, the results for the proposed regression models are compared with two existing Recurrent Neural Network RNN architectures (Gated Recurrent Unit, Long Short-Term Memory) for several parameter sets. The results are illustrated on an example of one of the most disturbed years (2015) according to the data of the European mid-latitude station Juliusruh. It is shown, that: (1) the proposed regression methods modifications essentially improve results in comparison with initial versions of methods, (2) RNN have performed at the comparable level, (3) the best estimate of RMSE is in the range 1–2.5 TECU, (4) accounting for space weather factors did not improve the results compared to NN methods.","PeriodicalId":331829,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments (WiSEE)","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133814428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Airborne Radar Based Collision Detection and Avoidance System for Unmanned Aircraft Systems in a Varying Environment","authors":"Hongru Li, W. Kinsner, Yan Wang, B. Palma, Alan Tay","doi":"10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613842","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an airborne-radar-based collision detection and avoidance system for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) which aims to detect flying aircrafts with constant velocity within the collision avoidance threshold and to generate the desired trajectory as resolution advisory for a pilot and UAS control commands. For collision detection, coordinate system transformation with quaternions is applied to process and display the obstacles detected by the airborne radar in the world frame as well as constructing a simulated airborne radar for the system simulation. For collision avoidance, a deterministic reactive collision cone approach is presented, which computes the desired trajectory for collision avoidance. In particular, software-in-the-loop simulation with test vectors from Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) for Detect and Avoid (DAA) Systems are used for system performance analysis.","PeriodicalId":331829,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments (WiSEE)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120943291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Single Event Upset (SEU) rates inside the SAA during the geomagnetic storm event of 15 May 2005","authors":"Kirolosse M. Girgis, T. Hada, S. Matsukiyo","doi":"10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613828","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we assessed the Single Event Upset (SEU) rates of a LEO mission due to its passage in the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) during a geomagnetic storm. The South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) represents a dangerous source of radiation for the LEO operations. Since the space weather continuously affects the inner magnetosphere condition, therefore, the inner radiation belt is subjected to significant variations, in particular during extreme space weather conditions. As the radiation environment depends essentially on the particle flux information, we have developed a numerical model to simulate the inner proton belt dynamics. In our previous work [Girgis et al. (2020b)], the short-term variations of the inner proton belt was investigated according to the geomagnetic storm event of 15 May 2005 and the kinetic energy range for the implemented protons was from 70 to 180 MeV. The objective of this paper is to extend the previous work by assessing the corresponding SEU rates of the RAM devices mounted in a spacecraft operating in a circular orbit of 850 km, given the proton flux map information as the output results of the inner proton belt numerical model. It was concluded from the inner proton belt simulations during the geomagnetic storm, that the SAA proton flux was significantly enhanced, by > 10 % after the beginning of the storm and during the recovery storm phase. Consequently, the SEU rates were increased by 40 % during the recovery phase of the geomagnetic storm. The earlier and more accurate prediction of the SEU rates can save a LEO satellite mission from unexpected proton-induced single event upset rates during extreme space weather conditions such as geomagnetic storms.","PeriodicalId":331829,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments (WiSEE)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115026258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All-Electric Aircraft mm-Wave High-Speed and Low Cost Mid-Air Recharging: Satellite and Aircraft Array Configuration Study","authors":"S. Goh, S. Zekavat","doi":"10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613834","url":null,"abstract":"The all-electric aircraft (AEA) has the potential to assist the aviation industry to achieve zero carbon emission by 2050. However, the AEA’s operation range is heavily affected by payload weight and available energy source. Midair recharging (MAR) has been proposed as an alternative energy source to reduce the AEA battery payload. MAR utilizes space solar power (SSP) satellite to transfer energy via radiofrequency (RF) wave to rectenna array installed on AEA. This allows AEA to recharge its battery during cruising phase. However, based on International Telecommunication Union (ITU) radio regulation database, only a few frequency bands are freely available for wireless power transfer (WPT) applications. In addition, rectenna arrays of AEA and the antenna arrays of SSP satellite should be carefully designed to minimize the energy loss due to atmospheric attenuation and free space path loss.This paper analyzes the configuration of AEA rectenna arrays and the SSP satellite for various frequency. This analysis considers SSP to AEA atmospheric attenuation and its variation with frequency, and AEA’s rectenna array is designed for various commercial aircrafts. In addition, the dimension of SSP satellite’s antenna array is studied for different frequency bands based on the given AEA’s rectenna array configuration. Moreover, based on the recommendations of ITU, certain frequency bands will be recommended for SSP satellite to AEA power transfer. The study specifically highlights that millimeter wave (mm-wave) and beyond enables low-cost and high-speed AEA MAR. The paper sheds light to solid capabilities of mm-waves as main enabler of AEA MAR technologies.","PeriodicalId":331829,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments (WiSEE)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125481469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Design of Wireless Communication and Wireless Energy Transfer System for In-Pipe Robots","authors":"Jonathan Akafua, Ryan Chapman, Hongzhi Guo","doi":"10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613833","url":null,"abstract":"In-pipe robots and underground sensors play an important role in pipeline inspection by providing accurate sensing data. Some of the pipes are made of metal and buried underground. Radio Frequency (RF) signals in such an extreme environment experience significant propagation loss and uncertainty. This paper designs a hybrid wireless energy transfer and wireless communication system for in-pipe robots and underground sensors. The acoustic signals are used for wireless energy transfer. Low Frequency (LF) and High Frequency (HF) magnetic fields are used for through-pipe and near-pipe communications. Full-wave simulations are performed to evaluate the performance. A software-defined communication testbed is designed using QPSK modulation for LF and HF communications. The data rate and wireless channel are measured and analyzed. The results show that at the end of an 8 mm thick metal pipe, the maximum data rate is 50 kbps with a distance of 2 cm and 100 kHz carrier frequency.","PeriodicalId":331829,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments (WiSEE)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129981569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of Dust and Sand on the 5G Millimeter-Wave links","authors":"Esmail M. M. Abuhdima, G. Comert, P. Pisu, Chin-Tser Huang, Ahmed Elqaouaq, Chunheng Zhao, Shakendra Alston, K. Ambrose, Jian Liu","doi":"10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613843","url":null,"abstract":"The wireless connections are a communication channel used to support different applications in our life such as microwave connections, mobile cellular networks, and intelligent transportation systems. The wireless communication channels are affected by different weather factor such as rain, snow, fog, dust, and sand. This effect is more evident in the high frequencies of the millimeter wave (mm-wave) band. Recently, the 5G opened the door to support different applications with high speed and good quality. A recent study investigates the effect of rain and snow on the 5G communication channel to reduce the challenge of using high millimeter-wave frequencies. This research investigates the impact of dust and sand on the communication channel of 5G mini links using Mie scattering model to estimate the propagating wave’s attenuation by computing the free space loss of a dusty region. Also, the cross-polarization of the propagating wave with dust and sand is taken into account at different distances of the propagating length. Two kinds of mini links, ML-6363, and ML-6352, are considered to demonstrate the effect of dust and sand in this specific operating frequency bands. The 73.5 GHz (V-band) and (21.5GHz (K-band) are the ML-6352 and ML-6363 radio frequency, respectively. Also, signal depolarization is another important radio frequency transmission parameter that is considered heroin. The numerical and simulation results show that the 5G ML-6352 is more affected by dust and sand than ML6363. The Simulink on MATLAB is used to build the communication system and simulate the effect of the dust and sand at different frequency bands.","PeriodicalId":331829,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments (WiSEE)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126061975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wireless Modal Testing with Multiple Battery-free Backscatter Sensors","authors":"J. Mitsugi, Osamu Tokumasu, Yuusuke Kawakita","doi":"10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613836","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the design, implementation and the result of real-world experiment of wireless modal testing with battery-free backscatter sensors. The battery-free backscatter sensor comprises a custom radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC), a commodity micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) accelerometer, and an antenna. Sensor data concurrency demanded in modal analysis is realized by allocating a dedicated subcarrier to each backscatter sensor. The orchestration of wireless communications in 920 MHz based on Gen2 protocol and the wireless power supply to the backscatter sensor are performed by a software defined interrogator built on Lab-VIEW communications and USRP. We developed an over the air (OTA) subcarrier frequency allocation with a sequence of WRITE commands of Gen2 protocol, and its performance was confirmed with the experiments in an indoor radio propagation. The accuracy of the proposed wireless structural modal testing was experimentally verified by comparing with a commercial modal test system with wired accelerometers. Although the phase characteristic measurement is disturbed by the instability of the clock source of RFIC, the gain characteristics of wireless modal testing matches well with that of a commercial wired modal testing system.","PeriodicalId":331829,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments (WiSEE)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122371882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lunar Lander and CubeSat-based Payload Antenna System for a Surface Wireless Local Network","authors":"Noemí Miguélez-Gómez, Sabrina A. Yepez, Ryan M. Clayton, Blake A. Roberts, Dalton C. Korczyk, T. Henderson, E. Rojas-Nastrucci","doi":"10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613826","url":null,"abstract":"The numerous advantages that small satellites offer to both scientific and commercial space missions have made them an attractive option for lunar surface and deep space missions in recent years. The space industry is increasingly shifting to the use of smaller spacecraft and payloads at different phases of the mission, as opposed to the traditional large systems. While the use of small satellites broadens the limits of distinct space operations in terms of size, power, cost and mass budget, they present limitations in terms of communications coverage and performance. Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) offer excellent capabilities for short range applications that present high data throughput requirements. As lunar missions are being currently developed as means to do preliminary tests for deep space exploration, small satellite-based capabilities are being considered for their tasks. Considering this increase in lunar presence, the space industry is embracing well known and widely used WLAN standards, such as the standardized and ubiquitous IEEE 802.11, to create a communications and navigation network architecture similar to terrestrial Wi-Fi networks and as robust as possible to accommodate lunar mission requirements. In this work, an antenna system design, analysis, simulation, manufacturing and testing to use 5 GHz 802.11 WLAN capabilities in lunar surface applications are presented. Antenna design simulations are performed using Ansys HFSS and the analysis of the performance of the system is evaluated using Ansys SBR+. The design considers a small satellite payload being deployed from a lunar lander with two truncated-corner probe-fed (TCPF) patch antennas in both the lander and the payload sides. Simulations and measurements of the designs present peak gain values of 14.8 dBi and 8.2 dBi for the lander and the payload configurations, respectively, and link losses, including antennas, path loss and environment, lower than 50 dB at a range of 20 m. The system presents a link margin of approximately 30 dB for longer range applications, and beamsteerable capabilities adding a phase shift component. It offers a low-cost, low-weight, low-profile solution for small spacecrafts for lunar surface applications.","PeriodicalId":331829,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments (WiSEE)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117068674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wireless Compose-2: A wireless communication network with a Ballistocardiography Smart-Shirt experiment in the ISS Columbus module","authors":"M. Drobczyk, André Lübken, Christian Strowik, U. Kulau, Jochen Rust, Jan Beringer, U. Albrecht","doi":"10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/wisee50203.2021.9613824","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces Wireless Compose-2, which is an experiment for the International Space Station (ISS) in order to demonstrate the provision of a flexible and adaptable wireless network infrastructure integrated in a commodity item to conduct and execute low-power, low-weight and wireless experiments in the scientific and medical domain. Recent work revealed a great potential in utilizing wireless sensor networks (WSN) in space habitats; however, the focus was only placed on sensing in the narrowband Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) 2.45 GHz band. This work extends these capabilities by utilizing impulse radio ultra wideband (IR-UWB) for ranging and evaluates the use of internal light sources for energy harvesting to drive the sensor nodes. The focus of the Wireless Compose-2 experiment is on the operation of the scientific experiment BEAT (Ballistocardiography for Extraterrestrial Applications and long- Term missions), which is a demonstration of novel ballistocardiography (BCG) sensors to monitor important cardiovascular parameters in a microgravity environment. Integrated in a Smart-Shirt, it will form a Body Area Network and makes use of the IR-UWB communication to transmit the data to the network. This paper describes the operational scenario, and the hardware as well as software concepts are presented in detail. Finally, the expected results are outlined with the focus being on the analysis of the different aspects that will help to identify new applications for future space missions.","PeriodicalId":331829,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments (WiSEE)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115576545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}