March 2020 Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.32964/tj19.3.151

Weijun Long, Huize Leo, Yan-Qing Zhen, Chunliang Zhang, Wenshuai Hao, Zhongjin Wei, Xialei Zhu, Fengshan Zhou, Ruitao Cha

引用次数: 3

Historical perspectives of corrugated box testing for 2020 2020年瓦楞纸箱检测的历史展望

March 2020 Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.32964/tj19.3.161

D. Coffin

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Neural Network Based Language Modeling 基于神经网络的语言建模分析

March 2020 Pub Date : 2020-03-30 DOI: 10.36548/jaicn.2020.3.006

Dr. Karrupusamy P.

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Neural Network Based Language Modeling 基于神经网络的语言建模分析

March 2020 Pub Date : 2020-03-30 DOI: 10.36548/jaicn.2020.1.006

P. Karrupusamy

引用次数: 3

Immature growth performance of three important rubber tree (Hevae brasiliensis) clones in a drought-prone area 干旱易发地区3种重要橡胶树(巴西橡胶树)无性系的未成熟生长性能

March 2020 Pub Date : 2020-03-20 DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2029

Sophea Nhean, S. I. N. Ayutthaya, Rachanee Rathanawong, F. Do

{"title":"Immature growth performance of three important rubber tree (Hevae brasiliensis) clones in a drought-prone area","authors":"Sophea Nhean, S. I. N. Ayutthaya, Rachanee Rathanawong, F. Do","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2029","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptation of rubber tree clones to water-limited areas and maintenance of trunk radial growth are important keys for performance of genetic material. The rubber farmers need to shorten the interim phases to produce latex, which is considered “immature” phase, i.e. the time without income. The objective of this study was to compare the performance of three important rubber tree clones: GT1, the elder clone as control, which is still widely used in Cambodia and West Africa; RRIM600, the “all-round” clone, the most planted clone in Thailand, the first world producer; and RRIT251, the expanding clone, recommended by the Rubber Authority of Thailand, all in the field condition. The investigation was conducted in a drought-prone area of Northeast Thailand, where the dry season lasts 5 to 6 months. The cumulated growth and the annual growth were analyzed 4.5 years after planting. The trunk girth and height were measured monthly. Main climatic variables were hourly recorded. The year was separated in three periods: the leaves-shed season from January to April, the wet season from May to September, and the dry season with canopy maintenance from October to December. The results showed significant clonal effect on both trunk girth and height; however, with relatively low differences. The trunk girth of clone RRIT251 was about 29 cm and 10% higher than GT1. The difference was not significant in RRIM600. The annual girth increment was mainly located in wet season (63%) without clonal effect. The clonal difference was occurred in the dry season, where RRIT251 was better performed particularly in the leave-shed period preceding wet season. On a monthly basis, the relative trunk girth increment rate was highly negatively related to the vapor pressure deficit. We hypothesized that rubber clones shared a common strategy of dehydration avoidance, while RRIT251 expressed a little less degree of avoidance.","PeriodicalId":330888,"journal":{"name":"March 2020","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132263639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overexpression of the GmDREB2 gene increases proline accumulation and tolerance to drought stress in soybean plants GmDREB2基因的过表达增加了大豆植株脯氨酸的积累和对干旱胁迫的耐受性

March 2020 Pub Date : 2020-03-20 DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2173

T. Pham, Huu Quan Nguyen, T. Nguyen, X. Dao, Danh Thuong Sy, Van-Son Le, H. Chu

{"title":"Overexpression of the GmDREB2 gene increases proline accumulation and tolerance to drought stress in soybean plants","authors":"T. Pham, Huu Quan Nguyen, T. Nguyen, X. Dao, Danh Thuong Sy, Van-Son Le, H. Chu","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2173","url":null,"abstract":"The dehydration responsive element binding (DREB) is a plant protein subfamily expressed when soybean plants face abiotic stresses. These DREB proteins are also considered to activate the transcription of drought-resistant genes. In this study, we present the determined results of relationships between overexpression of Glycine max DREB2 (GmDREB2) with the transcription level of Glycine max pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (GmP5CS) gene, proline accumulation and drought tolerant ability transgenic soybean plants as the basis for selection of transgenic lines with high drought tolerance. GmDREB2 was inserted into a plant transgenic vector and the 35S-GmDREB2-cmyc construct was transferred into the soybean plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Recombinant GmDREB2 protein with a molecular weight of approximately 20 kDa was expressed in four transgenic soybean lines in the T1 generation. The GmP5CS gene was shown to have significantly (P<0.05) increased expression in the T2 transgenic soybean lines and higher than compared to non-transgenic plants with considering both in well watered condition and stressed conditions were from 1.06 to 1.31-fold and 1.37 to 1.95-fold, respectively. The proline content of four transgenic soybean lines increased 155.81% to 187.42 % after five days in drought-stress conditions and increased from 180.52 % to 233.74 % after nine days under drought-stress conditions (P<0.05). Therefore, the overexpression of GmDREB2 resulted in increasing transcription level of P5CS gene, proline accumulation and drought-stress tolerance of the transgenic soybean plants. The GmDREB2 transformation into soybean plants was confirmed by the results of genetically modified lines in the T2 generation (T2-1, T2-6, T2-7, and T2-8) with higher drought tolerant ability than those of non-transgenic plants.","PeriodicalId":330888,"journal":{"name":"March 2020","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123038937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Water deficit detection in sugarcane using canopy temperature from satellite images 利用卫星影像的冠层温度检测甘蔗水分亏缺

March 2020 Pub Date : 2020-03-20 DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p1647

Rodrigo Moura Pereira, D. Casaroli, L. Vellame, J. A. Junior, A. W. P. Evangelista, R. Battisti

{"title":"Water deficit detection in sugarcane using canopy temperature from satellite images","authors":"Rodrigo Moura Pereira, D. Casaroli, L. Vellame, J. A. Junior, A. W. P. Evangelista, R. Battisti","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p1647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p1647","url":null,"abstract":"Water deficit (WD) is the main yield gap for sugarcane in Midwest Brazil. Thus, WD detection is essential to quantify yield losses, but field detection requires measurement of soil water content over large areas. In this study, we tested leaf temperature (TL) and land surface temperature (TS) to detect WD in a commercial sugarcane area. The area is located in the central region of Goiás State, Brazil. According to Köppen classification, the climate of the region is Aw (humid tropical, with rainy summer and dry winter). The soil is a Ferralsol (clayey texture). TL was measured by a portable infrared thermometer, and TS was obtained using a spectral image from Landsat 8. Both TL and TS measurements occurred between 28 Jan and 24 Aug 2014 (298-506 DAP). The water balance identified periods of water deficit (WD) and surplus (WS). The difference between TL Ta was greater than zero (7.11 °C) in WD periods and lower than zero (-2.18 °C) in WS periods. The difference between TS-Ta, in turn, ranged from -0.66 °C to 4.06 °C, but not following the tendency of WD or WS, which is associated with a relative error between TL and TS near 20% for some date. The TS Ta difference detected soil WD or WS when the relative error was low (362 and 410 DAP) and under higher WD (506 DAP) and WS (394 DAP). This way, TL was able to detect WD and WS along sugarcane growth, while TS showed limited application, requiring improvement based on surface properties to reduce the error in relation to TL. Furthermore, bands 10 and 11 are recommended for surface temperature estimation. Calibration uncertainty increases when the band 11 is used alone, being this band more affected by the absorption of radiation by the atmospheric water vapor, which implies larger errors related to the atmospheric profile in the acquisition of surface temperature.","PeriodicalId":330888,"journal":{"name":"March 2020","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130390413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Drying effect on physical and physicochemical properties and bioactive compounds of kiwifruit powder 干燥对猕猴桃粉理化性质及生物活性成分的影响

March 2020 Pub Date : 2020-03-20 DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2213

I. Moreira, W. P. Silva, J. P. Gomes, D. S. D. Castro, L. M. Silva, F. C. D. Sousa, JozelyFranciscaMello Lima, C. M. D. Silva, Jemima Ferreira Lisbôa, Henrique Valentim Moura

{"title":"Drying effect on physical and physicochemical properties and bioactive compounds of kiwifruit powder","authors":"I. Moreira, W. P. Silva, J. P. Gomes, D. S. D. Castro, L. M. Silva, F. C. D. Sousa, JozelyFranciscaMello Lima, C. M. D. Silva, Jemima Ferreira Lisbôa, Henrique Valentim Moura","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2213","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the effect of convective drying at different temperatures on the physical and chemical properties of kiwifruit powder. Circular kiwi slices were cut with thickness of 5.0 mm and subjected to different drying air temperatures (50, 60, 70 and 80 ºC). After drying, the slices were ground to obtain the powder and characterized for the physical parameters, physicochemical parameters and bioactive compounds. The powders were characterized for physical and physicochemical attributes and bioactive compounds. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three replicates, and the data were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and to Tukey test at 0.05 probability level. Kiwifruit powders obtained by convective drying at 50, 60, 70 and 80 ºC were classified as non-hygroscopic, showing good flowability and low cohesiveness. Kiwifruit powders obtained at temperatures of 70 and 80 ºC had lower moisture content and water activity, with predominance of yellow intensity over red intensity, which influenced their final color according to the drying air temperature. Powders obtained at the four drying temperatures showed significant amounts of bioactive compounds; thus, they can be consumed in powder and used in the preparation of food products. However, samples dehydrated at temperature of 70 ºC had higher contents of phenolic compounds compared to the others.","PeriodicalId":330888,"journal":{"name":"March 2020","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131716620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Chemical composition and phytotoxic activity of Lippia origanoides essential oil on weeds 牛肝草挥发油对杂草的化学成分及毒性活性研究

March 2020 Pub Date : 2020-03-20 DOI: 10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2595

M. N. A. Sousa, M. Mesquita, J. F. F. Orlanda, Francisco Eduardo Aragão Catunda Júnior

{"title":"Chemical composition and phytotoxic activity of Lippia origanoides essential oil on weeds","authors":"M. N. A. Sousa, M. Mesquita, J. F. F. Orlanda, Francisco Eduardo Aragão Catunda Júnior","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.03.p2595","url":null,"abstract":"Studies in the area of allelopathy in agriculture have increased due to search on alternative methods of weed control compared to conventional herbicides. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition and phytotoxicity of the Lippia origanoides essential oil on weeds of the species Bidens subalternans, Euphorbia heterophylla and Macroptilium lathyroides. The essential oil was extracted from the leaves of L. origanoides by means of hydrodistillation and diluted in the concentrations of 0.01 to 1%. The chemistry composition was determined by a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometry. Phytotoxic activity was evaluated in pre and post-emergence by tests of germination, seedling growth, chlorophyll content and cellular respiration. The results demonstrated an essential oil rich in monoterpenes, mainly oxygenated, with camphor as the major compound. In general, both germination and seedling development were entirely inhibited by essential oil, decreasing with increasing concentrations. The concentrations 0.5 and 1.0% totally inhibited the germination of B. subalternans, but did not affect the germination of M. lathyroides. The essential oil sprayed on the weed leaves had no effect on chlorophyll content but was able to induce visible injuries such as necrosis and chlorosis. Only the cellular respiration of E. heterophylla was affected by the essential oil. All the phytotoxic effects observed are due to the high content of monoterpenes in the essential oil, mainly the oxygenates, and also the concentration used. Therefore, the L. origanoides essential oil have bioherbicidal potential for the tested species.","PeriodicalId":330888,"journal":{"name":"March 2020","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127465138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Debris covered glaciers and related lakes: understanding the challenges 覆盖冰川和相关湖泊的碎片:了解挑战

March 2020 Pub Date : 2020-03-02 DOI: 10.1144/geosci2020-071

引用次数: 0

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