Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments最新文献

From Data to Drugs: Harnessing Machine Learning's Potential for Drug Discovery 从数据到药物:利用机器学习的潜力进行药物发现

Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments Pub Date : 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i02.004

Nita Pawar, Abhinandan H. Patil, A. Thalange

{"title":"From Data to Drugs: Harnessing Machine Learning's Potential for Drug Discovery","authors":"Nita Pawar, Abhinandan H. Patil, A. Thalange","doi":"10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i02.004","url":null,"abstract":"The field of drug discovery has recently seen the emergence of strong tools in the form of machine learning algorithms, which have the potential to transform the entire process of drug development. This study presents a detailed overview of the applications of machine learning in drug development, with a particular emphasis on target identification, drug efficacy prediction, and drug design optimization. This overview sheds light on the most recent developments, problems, and opportunities available in this dynamic and ever-evolving industry. It gives researchers the ability to prioritize and optimize possible medication ideas, which in turn helps them save money and improve their chances of being successful. Further, machine learning has historically been accomplished by a combination of experimental methods and expert knowledge, which can be time-consuming, pricey, and restricted by the level of biological understanding that is currently available. They provide a variety of learning strategies, both supervised and unsupervised, to examine complicated biological data and anticipate possible targets. Even if there are obstacles and constraints, there is significant progress being made in the accessibility of data, its interpretability, and its connection with other fields, which holds a lot of promise for future target identification initiatives. The harnessing of the power of machine learning will surely, in the future, contribute to the acceleration of the discovery of effective treatments as well as the improvement of patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":330852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments","volume":"145 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130953929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Drug Response and Resistance 表观遗传修饰在药物反应和耐药性中的作用

Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments Pub Date : 2023-07-18 DOI: 10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i02.003

A. Patil, Shrihari Kulkarni, Ashutosh Upadhye, C. Jangme, Ketaki Dhane

{"title":"The Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Drug Response and Resistance","authors":"A. Patil, Shrihari Kulkarni, Ashutosh Upadhye, C. Jangme, Ketaki Dhane","doi":"10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i02.003","url":null,"abstract":"The inability of epigenetic modifications to control gene expression has been related to a variety of diseases and conditions, including cancer and neurological ailments, amongst others. In recent years, there has been a rise in the amount of attention in pharmacology that is focused on the role that epigenetic modifications play in the response to medicine and the development of drug resistance. This concise review will attempt to provide a synopsis of what is currently known on the influence that epigenetic changes have on the treatment efficacy and resistance mechanisms of various diseases. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs are some of the key epigenetic markers that are covered in this article in relation to their function in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs. In addition, we highlight the development of approaches that attempt to enhance treatment outcomes while simultaneously overcoming drug resistance by targeting epigenetic alterations. A fundamental understanding of the connection between epigenetics and pharmacological response is required for the development of individualized treatment plans and the identification of novel therapeutic targets.","PeriodicalId":330852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132090240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Drug Likeness, Admet Prediction, and Molecular Docking of Compounds on Grammatophyllum Scriptum (Lindl.) Bl. as Analgesic 草芥(Grammatophyllum Scriptum)化合物的药物相似性、Admet预测及分子对接作为镇痛药

Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i02.001

Krisna Dewi, E. Simaremare, V. Agustini, Ebrahim Sadaqa, Michael Kurniawan

{"title":"Drug Likeness, Admet Prediction, and Molecular Docking of Compounds on Grammatophyllum Scriptum (Lindl.) Bl. as Analgesic","authors":"Krisna Dewi, E. Simaremare, V. Agustini, Ebrahim Sadaqa, Michael Kurniawan","doi":"10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.) Bl., a member of the Orchidaceae genus, is renowned for its distinctive and beautiful flowers, which have garnered attention from enthusiasts. G. scriptum is predominantly found in Papua, particularly in the Parai area of the East Biak District and Biak Numfor Regency. Despite its popularity, research on the pharmaceutical properties of this plant remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential of G. scriptum as an analgesic, specifically by examining its interaction with COX-1 and COX-2 receptors. In this study, we employed a methodology involving the prediction of drug-likeness, ADMET analysis, and docking simulations of the compound against COX-1 and COX-2 receptors to evaluate their potential as analgesics. Our results revealed that Apigenin-7-O-α-L-rhamnose(1-4)-6-O-acetyl-β-D-glucoside exhibited favourable characteristics as a potential drug molecule. Additionally, all compounds demonstrated appropriate ADMET predictions, indicating their suitability for further investigation. However, based on our molecular docking results, none of the five compounds derived from G. scriptum exhibited strong binding to the COX-1 and COX-2 receptors, suggesting limited potential as analgesics in silico. Nonetheless, Kushenol H, a specific compound, displayed relatively good energy levels and exhibited binding to COX-1 and COX-2 receptors. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the potential pharmaceutical applications of G. scriptum. While the compounds tested in this study may not show strong analgesic potential based on in silico investigations.","PeriodicalId":330852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments","volume":" 23","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133021391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Medical Device Advancement and Monetization Necessitate Intellectual Property Management and Spin-offs 医疗设备的进步和货币化需要知识产权管理和衍生产品

Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments Pub Date : 2023-05-18 DOI: 10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.005

Harshitha Kandepu, Koushik Yetukuri, Sreenu Thalla

{"title":"Medical Device Advancement and Monetization Necessitate Intellectual Property Management and Spin-offs","authors":"Harshitha Kandepu, Koushik Yetukuri, Sreenu Thalla","doi":"10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.005","url":null,"abstract":"There is fierce competition in the market for medical devices, and any innovations that have been made should protect the duration of patents. As a result, researchers must adhere to intellectual property rights from the time of invention to its completion and compete with others until the medical device is set to be released into the market. Medical devices include a vast range of goods such as; surgical implants, diagnostic kits, drug delivery systems, and so on. There is a massive opportunity to establish medical devices by leveraging new technologies that can be protected and monopolized through various intellectual property rights. After securing intellectual property rights, a medical device is developed as and when researchers find it at different phases of development. The 3I process (identity, invent, and implement) has been referred to in the article to guide medical device innovators on varied IP aspects linked with each phase. The Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) assists applicants in obtaining international patent protection for inventions, assists patent offices in making patent-granting decisions, and facilitates public access to a wealth of technical information about those inventions.","PeriodicalId":330852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114693169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibacterial Activity Test of Yoghurt Paste Red Fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) Against Escherichia coli 酸奶膏红果的抑菌活性试验对抗大肠杆菌

Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.003

{"title":"Antibacterial Activity Test of Yoghurt Paste Red Fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) Against Escherichia coli","authors":"","doi":"10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) contains phenol, terpenoid, alkaloid, tannin, and steroid compounds which function as antibacterial. Yoghurt is a fermented milk product with a manufacturing process by adding two types of lactic acid starter: Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilous. Objective: This study aimed to determine the pH, water content, total solid content, ash content, total lactic acid, and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli in red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam.) paste yoghurt. Method: This study used an experimental approach by making red fruit paste yoghurt in three formulas with different concentrations, namely F1 (10%), F2 (15%), and F3 (20%). An antibacterial activity test was conducted using the disc diffusion method. Results: The results obtained from all tests were the pH in formula 1, 2, and 3, namely 4.7; 4.9, and 4.9; the water content in formula 1, 2, and 3 were 63.33%; 44.66%, and 60.66%; the total solids content of formula 1, 2, and 3 were 36.66%; 55.33%, and 39.33%; the ash content in formula 1, 2, and 3 were 1.40%; 1.66%, and 1.13%; total lactic acid in formula 1, 2, and 3, namely 1.97%; 1.71%, and 2.09%; inhibition zone of antibacterial activity in formula 1, 2, and 3, namely 10.50 mm; 12.47mm, and 13.18mm. Conclusion: In total solids and total lactic acid qualified for Indonesian National Standard (SNI) requirements, while pH, water content, and ash content did not qualify for SNI requirements. Antibacterial activity in red fruit paste yoghurt is a potent category.","PeriodicalId":330852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128281806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic Framework of Herbs and Phytoconstituents used Against Experimentally Induced Urolithiasis 中药及植物成分抗实验性尿石症的机制框架

Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.002

S. N., Kavya Sri P., V. Babu P., Sindhu Varshini B.

{"title":"Mechanistic Framework of Herbs and Phytoconstituents used Against Experimentally Induced Urolithiasis","authors":"S. N., Kavya Sri P., V. Babu P., Sindhu Varshini B.","doi":"10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.002","url":null,"abstract":"Urolithiasis, the term is referred to as the process of formation of stones in the urinary system and is a complex process that results in the development of a succession of several physicochemical steps i.e., supersaturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation, and retention within the kidneys. Urolithiasis is a multi-factorial etiopathogenesis involving anatomical, metabolic, genetic, nutritional, infections, environmental and socio-economic factors. Different types of calculi (calcium oxalate, struvite, uric acid and cystine stones etc.,) have been identified and among which the common type of stone found is calcium oxalate-type crystals. A person with urolithiasis may experience nausea, vomiting, severe pain in the side and back and in the process of urination. The medical management of urolithiasis is mainly caused by procedures like percutaneous nephrolithotomy and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) techniques. But these procedures can cause undesirable side effects such as the development of tubular necrosis, hypertension, haemorrhage, and later fibrosis of the kidney leading to cellular injury and the reappearance of the formation of renal stones. Thus, there is an essential for more effective alternative therapy, which corrects the events of stone formation. Treatment with synthetic drugs has shown many side effects. Some synthetic drugs may cause nephrotoxicity. In India, medicinal plants/herbs have been in use to treat various diseases since ancient times. These plant-based derivatives are stated to be effective in decreasing the recurrence rate of renal stones without any side effects and minimizing toxic free radical generation by radical scavenging action. This review discussed the mechanisms of various medicinal plants and their phytoconstituents in experimentally induced urolithiasis in preclinical models.","PeriodicalId":330852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125692145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glanzmann Thrombasthenia: A Curse to Platelet Function 格兰兹曼血栓减少症:对血小板功能的诅咒

Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.001

Y. Yesseswini, T. Bindu, P. Babu

{"title":"Glanzmann Thrombasthenia: A Curse to Platelet Function","authors":"Y. Yesseswini, T. Bindu, P. Babu","doi":"10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46610/jprd.2023.v05i01.001","url":null,"abstract":"A platelet function disorder that is autosomal recessive with altered platelet number and appearance is called Glanzmann thrombasthenia. Quantitative and qualitative abnormalities of αIIbβ3 integrin are the molecular basis of this condition. Adhesive proteins attach aggregating platelets under the influence of this receptor and result in thrombus formation at the location of injury in blood vessels. Some patients have minimum bruising, while others have severe and frequent fatal hemorrhages in GT. Its common symptoms include purpura, epistaxis, menorrhagia, or gastrointestinal bleeding. Both alleles of one of the genes that code for the platelet integrin receptor polypeptides are affected by mutations, which results in the disease. Chronic anemia, neurological problems, and psychological problems are complications associated with this condition. Platelet aggregation, complete blood count, and prothrombin time are the standard tests to diagnose Glanzmann's thrombasthenia. Antifibrinolytics, platelet transfusions, monoclonal antibodies, hematopoietic stem molecular transplantation, and gene remedy are interventions to deal with this uncommon hematological disorder. If the treatment measures are ineffective, or to prevent bleeding during surgery, then transfuse HLA-compatible platelet concentrates. Recombinant Factor VIIa is used as an alternative therapy for this condition. Implementation of appropriate preventive measures helps us to keep this disorder at bay.","PeriodicalId":330852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131127344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comprehensive Review on Catharanthus roseus L. (G.) Don: Clinical Pharmacology, Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry Catharanthus roseus L. (G.)综述唐:临床药理学、民族药理学和植物化学

Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.46610/jprd.2022.v04i02.003

V. Chaturvedi, S. Goyal, M. Mukim, M. Meghani, Faheem Patwekar, Mohsina Patwekar, S. Khan, G. Sharma

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on Catharanthus roseus L. (G.) Don: Clinical Pharmacology, Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry","authors":"V. Chaturvedi, S. Goyal, M. Mukim, M. Meghani, Faheem Patwekar, Mohsina Patwekar, S. Khan, G. Sharma","doi":"10.46610/jprd.2022.v04i02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46610/jprd.2022.v04i02.003","url":null,"abstract":"Catharanthus roseus is a beautiful flowering perennial herb which is always in bloom as ornamental plant. It is known as Madagascar periwinkle. This plant characterized as terpenoids indole alkaloid producing plant cultivated in warm region. Besides alkaloid it is rich in phenolic compounds, organic acids and amino acid of pharmacological significance in its different parts. Traditionally, this herbal plant is boon to provide protective action for many deadly health problems being faced by humans by their direct or indirect usage in skin disease, high blood pressure, rheumatism, menstrual disorders, indigestion etc. But nowadays, transition to modern and formulated treatment has been increased. Alkaloid vincristine, vinblastine, vinflunine, vinorelbine and vindesine are clinically approved for treatment regimen. Its pharmacological actions are ranging from antimicrobial to anti-neoplastic which are discussed to understand the health promoting properties. Catharanthus roseus is a nontoxic traditional medicinal plant but its semi-finished and finished products are prone to certain kind of toxic effects. Major anticancer drugs isolated from C. Roseus are Oncovin and Velban marketed world widely in millions of tons. This article provides evidence for clinical effectiveness and toxicity of approved phytoconstituents which is relevant for safety evaluation of various folksier and pharmacological activities.","PeriodicalId":330852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126258892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Identification of Secondary Metabolic Compounds and Potential Involvement of Batik (Graptophyllum Pictum (L) Griff) Leaf Fraction on Bacteria Growth in Vitro 蜡染(graptophyum Pictum (L) Griff)叶部分次生代谢化合物的鉴定及对细菌体外生长的潜在影响

Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-07-16 DOI: 10.46610/jprd.2022.v04i02.001

E. Gunawan, Rafsanjani Abdul Rasyid, Daniel Lantang

{"title":"Identification of Secondary Metabolic Compounds and Potential Involvement of Batik (Graptophyllum Pictum (L) Griff) Leaf Fraction on Bacteria Growth in Vitro","authors":"E. Gunawan, Rafsanjani Abdul Rasyid, Daniel Lantang","doi":"10.46610/jprd.2022.v04i02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46610/jprd.2022.v04i02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Batik leaf (Graptophyllum pictum (L) Griff) is one of the medicinal plants of the Graptophyllum genus. It is traditionally used by the community to treat diarrhea, lungs, and anemia, especially by the Papua community. The increases of various types of diseases influence the use of drugs from natural ingredients. One of which is infectious diseases caused by bacteria. Based on the test results, the Batik leaf (Graptophyllum pictum (L) Griff) extract was possibly becoming antibacterial. This study aims to determine the secondary metabolite compounds in extract and fraction of Batik leaf (Graptophyllum pictum (L) Griff.) and to obtain the most effective concentration in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi bacteria. The results of phytochemical screening in extract and fraction of batik leaf (Graptophyllum pictum (L) Griff.) showed that it contained alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and triterpenes compounds. In the research, it mentioned that the compounds could perform as antibacterial. The method of antibacterial testing used was the disc diffusion method. It used a completely randomized design with 5 (five) treatments, namely concentrations of 30%, 70%, 100%, ciprofloxacin (positive control), sterile distilled water (negative control) with 3 (three) repetitions, followed by the Tukey test (BNJ). The antibacterial test results of the batik leaf (Graptophyllum pictum (L) Griff.) fraction showed that it was able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi bacteria at concentrations of 30%, 70%, and 100%. The results of the BNJ test showed that there was a significant difference in each concentration. Thus, the most effective concentration for inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi bacteria was 30% which was the lowest concentration that was able to give antibacterial activity.","PeriodicalId":330852,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125683406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Topical Gabapentin is Effective in Relieving Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain 局部加巴喷丁可有效缓解糖尿病周围神经性疼痛

Journal of Pharmacological Research and Developments Pub Date : 2022-07-16 DOI: 10.46610/jprd.2022.v04i02.002

引用次数: 0