{"title":"Advanced Functional Membranes for Energy Applications","authors":"E. Kavitha","doi":"10.21741/9781644901816-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-8","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming has become a serious threat to the environment as well as human life. The application of renewable and green energy sources has been emphasized in recent years to overcome the energy demand and save the environment. As a competent alternative to renewable energy sources, membrane-based energy generation has attracted the attention of researchers. In the past few decades, the application of advanced functional membranes in green energy production has gained importance. The application of polyelectrolyte membranes in fuel cells has become an emerging technology due to high proton conductivity, excellent thermal, chemical stability, and mechanical strength. Pressure retarded osmosis is also one of the membrane-based energy generation techniques which have been upgraded with significant developments. The various polymeric membranes, both inorganic and organic, have been employed in the energy production processes. In the past few years, the application of biopolymeric membranes made up of chitosan blends has shown excellent progress. The storage of energy also plays an equivalent role in energy production. The application of membranes has a vital role in energy storage batteries. This chapter deals with all the advanced functional membranes for energy production and storage.","PeriodicalId":330823,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Membranes","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122351400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Materials and Applications for Functional Polymer Membranes","authors":"M. M. Mohd Sabee","doi":"10.21741/9781644901816-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-3","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter covers an inclusive overview of the polymeric membranes with advanced functions in numerous applications such as water and gas separation, medical and emerging technologies include fuel cells, lithium-ions batteries, electroconductive, and optoelectronics. The membrane’s performance and behavior in terms of selectivity, permeability, and separation process for these applications are determined by the materials used in the membrane’s construction. Thus, in this chapter, the potential of different polymers for functional membranes are discussed including their applications based on their suitability in terms of types, fabrications, and mechanisms. For each application, the polymer membrane technology, the challenges, and the future direction are also discussed. The membrane technology is also always evolving, especially the development of functional polymer membranes for a variety of applications, so that quality of life is improved.","PeriodicalId":330823,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Membranes","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122596904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable Membranes and its Applications","authors":"L. Oliveira","doi":"10.21741/9781644901816-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-4","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of sustainable and high-performance technologies is a growing tendency in industrial processes. The membrane separation process is a clean technology alternative that can be used to separate, concentrate, and/or purify substances. But there is still a great interest in turning this process increasingly sustainable by the structural modification of the membranes using biopolymers and green solvents, and the functionalization with organic and inorganic materials, also improving their performance and anti-fouling characteristics. Thus, this review chapter brings the main concepts about membranes and their main structural modifications to obtain a process that meets the concepts involved in Green Technology.","PeriodicalId":330823,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Membranes","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116876527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-Assembled Membranes and their Applications","authors":"B. Thipe","doi":"10.21741/9781644901816-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-5","url":null,"abstract":"Self-assembled membranes have gained a lot of attention in the scientific community. They offer a simple and cheap way to form membranes that serves specific purposes like water filtration, drug delivery, anti-glare coatings, dielectrics, scaffold tissue engineering, etc. Polymers are the most popular choice for making self-assembled membranes, however there are other available options like proteins, small molecules, etc. Each new method/material offers certain advantages and disadvantages. Polymer membranes are strong and durable, but offer low porosity. Other materials like proteins degrade quickly. Hybrid materials are thus synthesized to combine the advantageous properties of materials and form self-assembled membranes. It is difficult to obtain membranes that are thin, sturdy and long lasting. New materials are being synthesized. However, materials that already exist can also serve well enough. A different perspective is needed to look into current materials and put them into good use. Self-assembled membranes offer a lot of potential uses and a lot of research is being pursued in this regard.","PeriodicalId":330823,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Membranes","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129000722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polymer-Based Membranes","authors":"A. Maraddi","doi":"10.21741/9781644901816-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-1","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane science and technology is increasingly playing an important role in maintaining environmental health. Polymer based membranes in particular show great potential in removing environmentally hazardous pollutants from the wastewater. Membrane technology has also been widely used for ground, surface and seawater desalination which is serving the humanity by providing high quality drinking water. Polymeric membranes have been categorized based on their pore size and their distribution which make them tailor made and innovative separation media namely, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration and forward osmosis. All these membrane process require high performing membranes as separation media. This chapter give detailed account of membrane preparation techniques, membrane modules and their applications in different fields. Further, the ideas covered in this chapter are fundamental to all membrane processes. Transport processes, membrane preparation, and flow separation effects are just few of the topics that have been studied.","PeriodicalId":330823,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Membranes","volume":"1999 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128263405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advanced Functional Membrane for CO2 Capture","authors":"H. J. Bora","doi":"10.21741/9781644901816-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-9","url":null,"abstract":"The capture of carbon dioxide directly from the air has been shown a growing interest in the mitigation of greenhouse gases but remains controversial among the research community. Due to the high dilution factor of CO2 in air, simultaneously increases the energy requirement as well as the charge of the respective technology. Membrane/Thin film technology has been conceded as the most investigated as well as most appealing technology to attenuate carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The membrane and membrane process technique are found to be alluring and eco-friendly to mitigate the carbon due to its cost efficiency, low expenditure of energy as well as comprehensibility in operation. Traditionally, the materials are cast into dense membranes with a standard thickness and after the formation of the membranes, their applications such as carbon capture/separation are evaluated by commutation between permeability and selectivity. In present scenario, efficient separation of CO2 from other gases has become a worldwide issue. Coal/Natural/Flue gases are evolving as the primary source of CO2, so the capture of CO2 from the mentioned sources are extensively contemplated as the next opportunity for the large-scale deployment of gas separation membranes. Although, current researches indicate the advances in material process designs that can crucially enhance the membrane capture systems as well as the separation systems, which make membrane process technique contentious with other technologies present till date for carbon capture. The aforementioned application requires novel polymeric materials which have the ability for efficient carbon capture and possesses high CO2 separation properties from different mixed gases, along with high mechanical and thermal stability for a longer time. Herein, the present report precisely highlights the recent advancement on the membrane technology based on the functional materials and their applications in the field of CO2 capture.","PeriodicalId":330823,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Membranes","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133210893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advanced Functional Membranes for Sensor Technologies","authors":"A. Hernandez-Martinez","doi":"10.21741/9781644901816-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-10","url":null,"abstract":"Sensors are modern data acquisition devices intended for detecting a specific change in the surrounding area and responding with an output signal. Among them, biological sensors (or biosensors) are of great interest due to their capacity for detecting molecules that indicate changes in people's health. This chapter provides an overview of the polymeric membranes that have novel or advanced functions in applications for the development of lab-on-chip or sensor technologies. Important approaches in this matter include the improvement of membranes as supporting medium of recognition element of the sensor, advances in membrane composition for protecting the integrity of target molecules, or the option to filter undesired components. The chapter is divided into three sections: membrane fabrication, molecular probes and platforms for reading sensor devices.","PeriodicalId":330823,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Membranes","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123327016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advanced Functional Membranes for Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration","authors":"R. Majumdar","doi":"10.21741/9781644901816-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-2","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of freshwater scarcity, the world seeks to limit overexploitation of all accessible resource of freshwater and also to recover potable water by treating wastewater. Various domestic, agricultural and industrial activities lead in generating high amount of wastewater from which water can be recovered for human needs. Over many years, conventional filtration process has gained success to some extent in effluents treatment for disposal. Yet, improvement in filtration process is necessary for advanced wastewater treatment in order to make the whole process handy and cost-effective. The functionality of membrane can be enhanced by incorporating polymers with novel functions in advanced membrane separation methods like microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) for reclaiming potable water from wastewaters, catalysis and biomedical applications. This book chapter mostly focuses on the use of different polymeric substances for MF and UF membrane preparation and their application in various sectors. Basic principle, novel manufacturing techniques for polymeric membrane, process design i.e., synthesis of polymers as designed membrane feedstock, surface modifications, synergistic fabrication of different polymers for advanced functionality, antifouling and antibacterial properties of membrane are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":330823,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Membranes","volume":"70 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121000501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Porous Membrane and their Applications","authors":"S. K. Swain","doi":"10.21741/9781644901816-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-6","url":null,"abstract":"Porous membranes have several uses in separation technology. This chapter basically explored various fabrication routes of different types of porous membranes and their applications in industrial and biomedical fields. The urgent need of a low cost perfect membrane needs to be optimised with good mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and thermal stability. This chapter focuses on producing porous polymeric/ceramic membranes with nano/submicron holes using block copolymer self-assembly, track etching, 3D printing, nanoimprinting, lithography, and electrospinning, etc. Porous polymeric/ceramic membranes are used in separation techniques in various industries, drug administration, bioseparation, and biosensing. The effect of membrane material, pore shape and size towards the membrane performance for various technological challenges are thoroughly discussed.","PeriodicalId":330823,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Membranes","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133989300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advanced Functional Membranes for Water Purification","authors":"E. Kavitha","doi":"10.21741/9781644901816-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644901816-7","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide, the scarcity of water due to the contamination of water and water resources from human activities has become a challenge. To overcome this, we need adequate water treatment technologies. For the past few decades, research has becoming wider to innovate the advanced technologies for water purification. Several conventional methods have been adopted for water treatment. Extensive investigations have been done, and some are still in development to find an eco-friendly and feasible process for water purification. The advent of membrane separation processes has changed the scenario in the field of desalination and water treatment. The proper selection of membrane material and configuration could be an excellent approach towards water purification. This chapter deals with the various advanced functional membranes, the functionalization of membranes employed in UF, NF and membrane distillation. This chapter also deals with their applications in wastewater treatment.","PeriodicalId":330823,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Membranes","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127974643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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