Grain Economy of Russia最新文献

{"title":"Estimation of adaptability parameters of grain sorghum variety range in the conditions of Donbass","authors":"А. V. Baranovsky, V. V. Kovtunov, N. A. Kovtunova","doi":"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-56-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-56-61","url":null,"abstract":"   The purpose of the current study was to conduct an environmental testing and give a comprehensive estimation of the adaptability parameters of modern grain sorghum varieties developed by the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”. Weather conditions during the years of study were different, which made it possible to estimate varieties under contrasting cultivation conditions.   The year’s conditions index was the highest in 2019 and 2023 (+0.76 and +1.03), and the lowest (-1.21) in the acutely arid year of 2020. The main effect on the productivity formation of the grain sorghum varieties was made by the conditions of the year (49.8 %) and the minor effect was made by the genotype of the variety (31.0 %). The varieties ‘Ataman’, ‘Zernogradskoe 88’, ‘Luchistoe’, ‘Zernogradskoe 53’ were found to be more productive (> 4.6 t/ha) and have a higher adaptability coefficient (108.8–117.2 %). Intensive samples (bi > 1) were ‘Zernogradskoe 53’, ‘Ataman’, ‘Luchistoe’, ‘Zernogradskoe 88’. Extensive varieties (bi < 1) were ‘Orlovskoe’, ‘Velikan’ and ‘Krymbel’ (st.). The varieties ‘Luchistoe’, ‘Ataman’,’ Zernogradskoe 88’ (S2d = 0.02–0.04) had high stability indicators, and the varieties ‘Ataman’, ‘Luchistoe’, ‘Zernogradskoe 88’, ‘Zernogradskoe 53’ had high overall adaptive capacity (TAC). The maximum indicators (115–131 %) of the stability level were established in the varieties ‘Ataman’, ‘Luchistoe’, ‘Zernogradskoe 88’. The rating estimation of adaptability parameters has shown that the early ripening intensive varieties ‘Ataman’ (68 points), ‘Luchistoe’ (67 points) and ‘Zernogradskoye 88’ (61 points) are the best and the most suitable ones for cultivation in the Donbass.","PeriodicalId":330770,"journal":{"name":"Grain Economy of Russia","volume":"104 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140978019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population dynamics of wheat and predatory thrips in winter wheat agrocenosis in the forest-steppe of the Samara region","authors":"I. I. Sharapov, Yu. A. Sharapova","doi":"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-106-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-106-112","url":null,"abstract":"   The current paper has presented the three-year study results (2021–2023) on recording the population dynamics of wheat and predatory thrips during the spring-summer vegetation period of winter common wheat in the forest-steppe of the Samara region.   The purpose of the study was to determine the dynamics of the seasonal development of wheat and predatory thrips according to the phenophases of the development of winter common wheat in the forest-steppe of the Samara region.   For this purpose, there were carried out the calculations using the mowing method with an entomological net on winter wheat crops in different phenophases of development, and the population of species and thrips were determined in the laboratory under a binocular. According to weather conditions, 2021 and 2023 were characterized as dry and hot, 2022 was characterized as cool with plenty of precipitation in the first half of the winter wheat vegetation period. The population dynamics of wheat and predatory thrips varied depending on the weather conditions of the spring-summer period of the year. In the hot years of 2021 and 2023 there were 2 periods of increase in population. In 2021, the period of maximum population of wheat thrips was observed from a heading stage to a flowering stage (1016 and 1048 specimen per 100 sweeps of the net) and in the phase of milky-wax ripeness (426 specimen per 100 sweeps of the net). In 2022, the population of wheat thrips on plants increased gradually, the peak was noted once during the flowering stage, amounting to 1084 specimen per 100 sweeps of the net. In 2023, a population increase was observed in the heading stage (1782 specimen per 100 sweeps of the net) and the phase of milky-wax ripeness (421 specimen per 100 sweeps of the net). In the hot years of 2021 and 2023 there were 2 periods of increase in predatory thrips’ population; the maximum number of entomophages was observed during the heading stage and amounted to 87 and 61 specimens per 100 sweeps of the net, respectively. In the cool year of 2022, there was one population increase during the flowering stage and amounted to 14 specimens per 100 sweeps of the net. In the phases of heading and flowering of plants, there were predominantly adult insects (imago), and in the phases of milky and milky-wax ripeness, there were predominantly found larvae of different ages. The weather conditions in 2021 and 2023 turned out to be more favorable for the development of wheat and predatory thrips than in 2022.","PeriodicalId":330770,"journal":{"name":"Grain Economy of Russia","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative estimation of grain productivity and green mass of leguminous crops in the southern forest-steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan","authors":"I. R. Yuldybaev, F. A. Davletov, K. P. Gainullina","doi":"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-13-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-13-20","url":null,"abstract":"   Leguminous crops play an important role in providing the population with high-protein products and farm animals with feed. The correct selection and distribution of species and varieties of these crops in accordance with soil and climatic conditions have a significant impact on their productivity.   The purpose of the current work was to estimate productivity of green mass, hay, grain, as well as the degree of development of traits that affect the productivity formation of peas, chickpeas, lentils, spring vetch, and fodder beans when grown in the southern forest-steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan.   The study was carried out in 2021–2023. Contrasting weather conditions made it possible to comprehensively estimate the material being studied. The objects of the study were the varieties of five types of leguminous crops ‘Pamyati Popova’ (peas), ‘Sokol’ (chickpeas), ‘Nevesta’ (lentils), ‘Uzunovskaya 8’ (spring vetch), ‘Kalor’ (fodder beans). The trials were carried out in accordance with the Methodology of State Variety Testing (2019). As a result of the research, there were identified leguminous crops that were the most adaptive in a number of parameters for cultivation in the Southern Urals of the Republic of Bashkortostan, namely peas, chickpeas, lentils with 65.7 ± 9.7–70.7 ± 9.4 days of a vegetation period; peas with a maximum growth rate before the budding phase; peas, chickpeas, spring vetch, fodder beans with the most developed root system; peas and spring vetch with the largest number (223.3±13.3 – 236.0±17.1 pieces, respectively) and weight (0.39±0.04 – 0.45±0.07 g, respectively) of nodules per 10 plants. The maximum productivity of green mass (7.41–7.47 t/ha) and hay (1.87–1.89 t/ha) was obtained from peas and spring vetch. The maximum productivity of seeds (1.48–1.51 t/ha) was from peas and chickpeas. Thus, there has been recommended to expand pea crops, including chickpeas and lentils in the crop rotation, and restoring spring vetch crops. To achieve consistently high yields of these leguminous crops, it is necessary to sow them in the early stages with seeds of higher reproductions, treated before sowing with appropriate disinfectants and microfertilizers.","PeriodicalId":330770,"journal":{"name":"Grain Economy of Russia","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of adaptability parameters of collection hulled oats varieties according to productivity in the Kirov region","authors":"M. V. Tulyakova, G. A. Batalova, S. S. Saltykov, S. V. Permyakova","doi":"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-49-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-49-55","url":null,"abstract":"   The current paper has presented the study results conducted on the experimental plot of the Falenskaya breeding station of the branch of the FSBI FANC of the North-East in 2021–2023.   The purpose of the study was to evaluate the collection hulled oat varieties according to grain productivity and adaptability parameters in the soil and climatic conditions of the Kirov region.   The materials for the study were 9 collection oat varieties and the standard variety ‘Krechet’. According to the trait ‘productivity’, there have been estimated adaptability parameters. During the testing years, the studied variety samples differed significantly in productivity variability (V = 16.8–30.0 %). The factor ‘year’ had the greatest effect on the formation of oat yields (90.3 %). In the arid year of 2021, the varieties’ productivity was low (276–401 g/m2), with a negative index of environmental conditions (Ij = -163), in the most favorable year of 2022, it was 463–682 g/m2 and Ij = 104, respectively. The variety samples ‘k-3967 0144’ (-190 g/m2) and ‘15584 Mutant 258’ (-214 g/m2) were characterized by high stress resistance. High genetic flexibility of mean productivity under contrasting conditions was established in the variety samples ‘15472 Sumphony’ (504 g/m2), ‘k-3967 0144’ (496 g/m2) and ‘15340 Uran’ (487 g/m2). There have been identified such gene sources as plastic ‘k-3967 0144’, ‘15472 Sumphony’, ‘15340 Uran’, ‘k-3951 0146’, ‘k-3954 0149’ (IEP = 1.13–1.0), and with high stability of the trait ‘productivity’ ‘k-3967 0144’, ‘15584 Mutant 258’, ‘k-3954 0149’ (SF = 1.47–1.78). Low variability and high homeostaticity were found in the variety samples ‘k-3967 0144’, ‘15584 Mutant 258’, ‘k-3954 0149’ (V = 16.8–22.8 %; Hom = 31.31–20.75) with a high stability index (Is = 5.95–4.38). The adaptability coefficient has confirmed the high adaptability of variety samples ‘k-3967 0144’, ‘15472 Sumphony’ and ‘15340 Uran’ (KA =112.3–108 %). In adaptive breeding for further work, the varieties ‘k-3967 0144’, ‘15584 Mutant 258’, ‘k-3954 0149’, ‘15472 Sumphony’, ‘15340 Uran’ are of great interest, since they are the most adaptive in terms of the sum of ranks. Based on a comprehensive estimation of productivity and adaptability parameters, ‘k-3967 0144’ was recognized as the best variety sample, which can give a large mean productivity (526 g/m2) in changing weather conditions.","PeriodicalId":330770,"journal":{"name":"Grain Economy of Russia","volume":"1 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140982114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of sowing dates and sowing rates of wintering peas when cultivated in the southern part of the Rostov region on the economic efficiency of grain production","authors":"S. Vasilchenko, G. Metlina","doi":"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-80-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-80-87","url":null,"abstract":"   The current paper has presented the results of field trials carried out at the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in 2019–2021 to study individual elements of cultivation technology (sowing dates, sowing rate) of wintering peas.   The purpose of the study was to estimate the effect of sowing dates and sowing rates of wintering peas when cultivated in the southern part of the Rostov region on the economic efficiency of grain production.   When cultivating wintering peas in the southern part of the Rostov region, the largest shares of costs have been spent on pesticides and seeds and were, respectively, 43.7–38.4 % and 25.4–35.9 % for the variety ‘Zimus’; 44.4–39.2 % and 23.9–34.3 % for the variety ‘Fokus’; 45.9–41.0 % and 20.7–30.6 % for the variety ‘Faeton’. The maximum gross income of 42,370 rubles/ha from the sale of wintering pea grain was obtained from the variety ‘Fokus’ in the third sowing period in the variant with a seeding rate of 1.4 million pcs. of germ. seeds/ha. The maximum conditional net income of 16,798 rubles/ha wasnoted for this variety in the second sowing period with a seeding rate of 1.2 million pcs. of germ. seeds/ha. The minimum production cost of 11,052 rubles/t was obtained from the variety ‘Fokus’ in the third sowing period with a seeding rate of 1.0 million pcs. of germ. seeds/ha, the maximum level of profitability of 72 % was noted in the same option. For the variety ‘Faeton’, grain was sold on 37,430 rubles/ha in the first sowing period at a seeding rate of 1.2 million pcs. of germ. seeds/ha. Also in this option, the highest conditional net income was 14347 rubles / ha with the lowest cost of production of 11717 rubles/ton and the maximum level of profitability of 62 %. For the variety ‘Zimus’, the maximum gross income from grain sales was 41420 rubles/ha with a seeding rate of 1.4 million pcs. of germ. seeds/ha in the second sowing period. In the same option, the highest conditional net income was 14423 rubles/ha, the lowest cost of production was 12384 rubles/t with the highest level of profitability of 53 %.","PeriodicalId":330770,"journal":{"name":"Grain Economy of Russia","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of grain quality genes among wintercommon wheat varieties","authors":"I. V. Pototskaya, S. S. Shepelev, A. S. Chursin, А. М. Kovalchuk, V. P. Shamanin","doi":"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-43-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-43-48","url":null,"abstract":"   Currently, the agricultural market offers a wide range of winter wheat varieties of domestic breeding. However, due to climate warming and the increasing frequency of arid years, it is urgent to develop varieties with wide adaptability, large productivity potential and grain quality.   The purpose of the current study was to identify new genetic sources of winter common wheat with a complex of favorable gene alleles that control grain quality traits. In 2022–2023 there was studied the collection of 26 winter common wheat varieties from breeding institutions of the Rostov region and Krasnodar region using generally accepted breeding techniques.   There was carried out an analysis of technological quality traits and identification of loci associated with these traits using KASP-markers developed at the Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (Kazakhstan). The varieties developed by the Federal Rostov ARC generated the largest productivity (341 g/m2) with less accumulation of protein and gluten (14.2 and 29.5 %), and, on the contrary, the varieties of the ARC “Donskoy” and the National Grain Center named after P. P. Lukyanenko were characterized by higher percentage of protein and gluten (15.5–15.7 and 33.2–34.4 %), but lower productivity (244–276 g/m2). The varieties ‘Donskoy Mayak’, ‘Konkurent’, ‘Nakhodka’, ‘Rostovchanka 7’, ‘Duplet’ and the line ‘K 18918’ were distinguished by the best technological traits of grain (protein >15 %, gluten > 30 %, gluten index > 85 % and sedimentation ≥ 53 %) and many favorable alleles of SNP loci associated with these features. The varieties ‘Donna’, ‘Zolushka’, ‘Donskaya Lira’ exceeded the standard ‘Omskaya 4’ (368–378 g/m2) in productivity, but their allelic variants of the identified markers were lower. There have been identified the varieties ‘Donna’, ‘Zolushka’, ‘Donskaya Lira’ (Federal Rostov ARC), ‘Donskoy Mayak’, ‘Konkurent’, ‘Nakhodka’, ‘Rostovchanka 7’ (ARC “Donskoy”), ‘Duplet’, ‘line K 18918’ (“National Grain Center named after P. P. Lukyanenko”) with the maximum number of favorable alleles (10–11), associated with technological quality traits, recommended for improving winter wheat varieties in terms of grain quality.","PeriodicalId":330770,"journal":{"name":"Grain Economy of Russia","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of the photosynthetic potential of new spring barley varieties in the arid climate zone of the Lower Volga region","authors":"A. V. Guzenko, A. V. Solonkin, А. А. Dontsova","doi":"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-88-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-88-97","url":null,"abstract":"   Since the climatic conditions have become more arid in the Southern Federal District over the past thirty years, spring barley productivity has sharply reduced. According to the early research and data on meteorological forecasts, in 2022–2023 in the Gorodishchensky district of the Volgograd region there was established an experimental plot based on the Federal Research Center of Agroecology of RAS to test such spring barley varieties as ‘Medikum 139’ (standard, FRC of Agroecology of RAS), ‘Ratnik’, ‘Fedos’, ‘Format’, ‘Azimuth’ ‘Shchedry’, ‘Leon’ (FSBRI “ARC “Donskoy”). These varieties were selected based on their characteristics as the most resistant to abiotic stress factors of the environment. All records and observations were carried out according to generally accepted methods. During the vegetation period, there were carried out observations and there were taken samples to study photosynthetic indicators in the sprouting, tillering, booting, heading stages. There was also carried out leaf diagnostics by the mobile laboratory «Ecotest-2020» to identify the mobility of chloroplasts and nutrients in plants during the tillering period. There was established that the spring barley varieties ‘Azimut’, ‘Format’, ‘Shchedry’ and ‘Leon’ showed the highest adaptability to the acutely arid conditions of the Volgograd region. Based on the analyzed traits of photosynthetic activity, the variety ‘Azimut’ has been included in the State List of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation for the Lower Volga region since 2022.","PeriodicalId":330770,"journal":{"name":"Grain Economy of Russia","volume":"36 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of the spring common wheat variety ‘Balkysh’","authors":"D. Askhadullin, Dam. F. Askhadullin, N. Z. Vasilova, M. Tazutdinova, I. I. Khusainova, G. Gaifullina","doi":"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-36-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-36-42","url":null,"abstract":"   One of the recent breeding work results of the FRC KazRC of RAS was the spring common wheat variety ‘Balkysh’, which was included in the State List of Breeding Achievements approved for use in the Middle Volga region in 2021.   The purpose of the current study was to characterize the variety under the conditions of the last years of testing in comparison with other varieties.   The study was carried out in the fields with gray forest soils of the Tatar RIA, located in the suburbs of Kazan, in 2019–2023. The variety ‘Balkysh’ is not inferior or superior in productivity and protein yield to the varieties most common in the Republic of Tatarstan; the mean productivity of the variety was 4.31 t/ha, protein yield was 0.54 t/ha. The variety is characterized with high productivity stability. The variety had 25 % of gluten in grain, 13.2 % of protein, 94 units of IDK. The peculiarity of the rheological dough properties of the variety ‘Balkysh’ was a low value of flour force with 109 u.a., 61 mm of dough elasticity, 121 u.ph. of dough dilution, which can be used to form grinding grain batches balanced in quality to reduce the load on dough mixing machines. The variety ‘Balkysh’ is characterized with high field complex resistance to major leaf and stem diseases, with not more than 5 % of damage caused with brown leaf and stem rust over the years of testing; powdery mildew resistance during epiphytoty years was not lower than 6 points (a lower one third of the plant was slightly affected). The variety ‘Balkysh’ is characterized as short-stemmed; the mean plant height was 65.7 cm, which is significantly lower than that of the varieties developed by the TatRIA.","PeriodicalId":330770,"journal":{"name":"Grain Economy of Russia","volume":"26 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140980481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of the soybean varieties of the world collection according to the trait ‘seed weight per plant’ in the conditions of the central Non-blackearth region","authors":"E. V. Gureeva, A. V. Solodyagina","doi":"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-62-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-62-66","url":null,"abstract":"   The purpose of the current study was to estimate the potential of soybean varieties of various ecological and geographical groups according to the trait ‘seed weight per plant’ and to identify varieties with high adaptability to the conditions of the Ryazan region.   The objects of research were 33 soybean samples from the world collection, which differed in morphological and biological characteristics. The soybean variety ‘Sibiriada’ (Russia), zoned for the Central region, was taken as the standard variety. Field trials were carried out on dark gray forest soil at the Institute of Seed production and Agrotechnologies, branch of the Federal Budgetary Scientific Institution “FRAEC VIM”, located in the Ryazan region in 2021–2023. In order to characterize the adaptability parameters, there have been used such indicators as homeostatic index (Hom), coefficient of variation (CV), stability factor (SF); range of the indicator ‘seed weight per plant’ (d), standard deviation (σ); adaptability coefficient (AC); stability level indicator (SLI) and stress resistance (Ymin–Ymax), calculated using appropriate methods. There has been established that according to the trait ‘seed weight per plant’ the varieties ‘Georgiya’, ‘Snezhana’ and ‘Chera 1’ (Russia) had the lowest value of variation with Cv,%≤20.0. It was found that the varieties ‘Georgiya’ and ‘Snezhana’ (Russia) were the most stable to external environmental changes. This was evidenced by the lowest values of the coefficient of variation (Cv = 12.9 and Cv = 14.0 %, respectively) and high homeostaticity (Hom = 31.3 and Hom =28.9). The greatest variability and low homeostaticity were found in the soybean varieties ‘Vereteyka’ (Hom = 1.69, Cv = 58.4 %) and ‘Elena’ (Hom = 2.17, Cv = 50.3 %), which characterized the low adaptability of these varieties to the conditions of the Ryazan region. As a result of the estimation of the genotypes studied in the trial according to the triat ‘seed weight per plant’, it was established that the varieties ‘Georgia’ (Russia), ‘Snezhana’ (Russia), ‘Chera 1’ (Russia), ‘Garmoniya’ (Russia) were of great breeding value for improving adaptability and stability in the forest-steppe agroclimatic zone of the Ryazan region.","PeriodicalId":330770,"journal":{"name":"Grain Economy of Russia","volume":"24 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of adaptability parameters of winter common wheat samples at different sowing dates in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia","authors":"A. S. Surnachev, K. K. Musinov","doi":"10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-21-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2024-91-2-21-28","url":null,"abstract":"   There has been presented a three-year estimation of winter wheat samples according to adaptability indicators, the trait ‘productivity’, ‘winter resistance’, ‘1000-grain weight’, and ‘number of productive stems per m2’.   The purpose of the study was to estimate the adaptive potential of winter common wheat varieties in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia at different sowing dates.   The study was conducted in the laboratory for field crop breeding, seed production and cultivation technologies based on SibRIPCB, the branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS (Novosibirsk region) in 2018–2022. The objects of study were 5 winter common wheat varieties developed by the SibRIPCB, a branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS. Sowing was carried out in three periods (the first was in August 20, the second was in September 1 and the third was in September 10) with an SSFC-7 seeder in 5 repetitions, the recording plot area was 10 m², the placement of the plots was randomized, the crops were laid in weedfree fallow. As a result, there was established that, according to the trait ‘productivity’, the varieties ‘Novosibirskaya 2’ (bi = 1.42; δd² = 0.08) and ‘Novosibirskaya 3’ (bi = 1.35; δd² = 0.08) combined ecological adaptability and stability. The variety ‘Novosibirskaya 3’ also combined adaptability and stability according to the trait ‘number of productive stems per m2’ (bi = 1.09; δd² = 468.94). The winter variety ‘Krasnoobskaya’ is capable of consistently giving high yields ((Ymax+Ymin)/2 = 4.92; (Sc = 3.42); Hom = 26.2) and maintaining the density of productive stems ((Ymin–Ymax) = -280; Sc = 280.8; (Ymin+Ymax)/2 = 513; Hom = 8.9) at different sowing dates. The variety ‘Pamyati Chekurova’ is responsive to improvements in environmental conditions according to the trait ‘productivity’ (bi = 1.10; KM = 2.20), ‘winter resistance’ (bi = 1.53; KM = 2.72), ‘number of productive stems per m2’ (bi = 1.22; KM = 2.2).","PeriodicalId":330770,"journal":{"name":"Grain Economy of Russia","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140980014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}