HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY最新文献

{"title":"Arctic climate warming: discrepancies between global climate \u0000models and observations and possible causes","authors":"G. Alekseev","doi":"10.33933/2713-3001-2023-71-207-230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33933/2713-3001-2023-71-207-230","url":null,"abstract":"Global climate models are used to predict anthropogenic climate change and to plan social and economic activities under changing climatic conditions. At the same time, there are discrepancies between model projections and observed climate changes, especially in low latitudes and polar regions. One reason for the discrepancy may be insufficient attention to natural forcings on the climate system. Therefore, studies of the role of natural factors in the development of modern warming are relevant for \u0000improving the reliability of forecasts for the development of the climatic situation on Earth. Particular attention is paid to the impact of climate change in low latitudes on the Arctic. A significant contribution to these changes can be made by a long-term increase in low-latitude insolation. Most of the low latitudes \u0000are occupied by the ocean, which absorbs the bulk of the incoming solar radiation. The contribution of the increase in insolation to the increase in ocean surface temperature at low latitudes is estimated from the available data on insolation of the upper boundary of the atmosphere. The changes in SST at low latitudes are compared according to reanalysis data and calculations of global climate models. Comparison of climate changes in low latitudes and in the Arctic is made. The influence from low latitudes on the reduction in the area of sea ice and the increase in water temperature in the Arctic basin is estimated. Changes in the characteristics of the atmosphere and ocean at low latitudes, associated with an increase in insolation, after \u00003 years are manifested in changes in the characteristics of the climate and sea ice in the Arctic. This indicates the potential for improved global modeling of warming in the Arctic and at low latitudes when taking into account slow changes in radiative forcing at the upper boundary of the atmosphere due to the Earth’s orbital dynamics. Insolation trends at low latitudes are maximum in spring, i.e., in the vicinity of the vernal equinox in the Earth’s orbit. This indicates the influence of precession — a slow shift of the equinox point, when the influx of solar radiation to low latitudes is maximum, to the perihelion, where it will be 3 W/m2more.","PeriodicalId":330650,"journal":{"name":"HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125430974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of research methodology mesostructures of atmospheric fronts on the basis of ground­based microwave radiometry","authors":"Alexander Efremenko, Dmitry L. Karavaev, Andrey Lebedev, Natalya Moiseeva, Georgy Schukin","doi":"10.33933/2713-3001-2023-71-249-259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33933/2713-3001-2023-71-249-259","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the some results of experimental studies of the mesoscale structure of atmospheric fronts using a ground-based microwave water vapor radiometer. A methodology for studying the mesoscale structure of atmospheric fronts is described, which includes two stages: the stage of syn- optic (frontological) analysis and the stage of mesoscale analysis based on measurements of atmospheric moisture and cloud liquid water content using a microwave water vapor radiometer. The application of the methodology is demonstrated by the example of the analysis of the results of observation of the case of the passage of warm and cold fronts through the Leningrad region on September 9—14, 2020. Based on the analysis of the results of previous studies, the features of changes in the characteristics of moisture content during the passage of atmospheric fronts are generalized. The growth of the atmospheric water vapor and cloud liquid water content is delayed relative to the appearance of harbingers of a warm cloud front of the upper tier. The growth of moisture content characteristics has a wave-like character, which can be explained by the manifestation of the strip mesostructure of the front. Estimates of the characteristic scales of spatial heterogeneities in the structure of atmospheric fronts for the area under consideration differ from similar characteristics obtained by P. Hobbs for the northeastern coast of North America. In the course of mesoscale analysis, the type of atmospheric front crossing the observation point can be clarified. The results obtained determine the prospects for improving the methods of diagnostics and current forecasting of dangerous weather phenomena during the passage of atmospheric fronts using ground-based microwave radiometers","PeriodicalId":330650,"journal":{"name":"HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130034402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Difficult rifts of the Volga-Caspian. Historical retrospective. \u0000Part II (XIX—XXI centuries)","authors":"P. Bukharitsin, V. Ushivtsev, Sergey A. Koten’kov","doi":"10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-82-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-82-99","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":330650,"journal":{"name":"HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123287165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic-stochastic modeling of the Northern Dvina runoff long-term fluctuations","authors":"A. Frolov, I. Solomonova","doi":"10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-54-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-54-70","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":330650,"journal":{"name":"HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131449084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hypothesis of appearance of an independent population \u0000of Guinean tilapia (Coptodon guineensis (Günther)) in the Gulf of Argen (Atlantic Ocean)","authors":"A. Gushchin","doi":"10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-71-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-71-81","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":330650,"journal":{"name":"HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115748296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a method for geoinformation management \u0000of the electric power supply safety in the region under \u0000the hydrometeorological factors destructive impact","authors":"V. Burlov, M. Polyukhovich","doi":"10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-100-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-100-122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":330650,"journal":{"name":"HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134063992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global warming and its possible causes","authors":"B. Sherstyukov","doi":"10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-7-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-7-37","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":330650,"journal":{"name":"HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115583587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of discharges in the Downstream Pregolya and Deyma rivers (the southeast Baltic) according to near-bottom current measurement data","authors":"Efim Gmyrya, B. Chubarenko","doi":"10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-38-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33933/2713-3001-2023-70-38-53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":330650,"journal":{"name":"HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117074193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Date","authors":"M. Kolbanev, I. Palkin, T. Tatarnikova","doi":"10.32388/3sr9tv","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32388/3sr9tv","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of interpreting the emerging terms of the digital economy is discussed. Examples demonstrating different understanding of the term “digital economy” by economists and information technology experts are given. We consider the basis of the digital economy - the cyberspace, as an environment of people’s activity in which any interactions are carried out due to digital data. The complexity of organizing cyberspace requires approaching the definition of the concept of the digital economy in terms of functional and structural descriptions. The functional approach has made it possible to identify three key attributes that reveal the essence of the digital economy: digital data, digital infrastructure, models of people’s activities. The activity is carried out through human interaction with natural objects through the \"intermediary\" - digital data. Changes in activities caused by the work with digital data, have come to be called transformation, its modern examples being medicine and transport. The examples show that the models of the digital economy involve a partial or complete rejection of human labor. The official government documents of the Russian Federation follow the functional approach to describing the concept of the digital economy: the program “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation”, decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On the Strategy for the Development of the Information Society in the Russian Federation for 2017-2030”. The structural description has made it possible to single out three echelons of managing the digital economy: the technological environment, the social environment, markets and industries. Each echelon has the\u0000right to make decisions within its competencies. The purpose of the technological echelon is the technical support of the digital economy, including information systems and information technology. At the level of the social environment of the digital economy, the following ones are formed: the legal regime for the development and use of digital technologies, the education and training system of the digital economy, the\u0000infrastructure of the digital economy, information security technologies for digital processes, and many others. At the level of markets and industries, spheres of activity of the digital economy are implemented. The structural approach has allowed us to propose an architectural model of the digital economy. The model is a stratified description, characterized by vertical decomposition, the sequence of digital data processing operations on each stratum, and the interconnection of performance indicators of all strata for a comprehensive assessment of the activity process as a whole.","PeriodicalId":330650,"journal":{"name":"HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1953-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128510143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of research in the field of remote sensing methods for detecting oil pollution on the water surface conducted at the RSHU","authors":"P. P. Beskid, P. Bogdanov, V. Miklush, Т.М. Tatarnikova, E. Chernetsova, A. Shishkin","doi":"10.33933/2074-2762-2020-60-371-391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33933/2074-2762-2020-60-371-391","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the scientific results which are a generalization of almost twenty years of experience of the staff of the department of information technology and security systems of the Russian State Hydrometeorological University in the field of remote sensing methods of oil pollution on the water surface. The choice of radar systems for the implementation of remote monitoring of the water surface on the characteristics of efficiency and coverage of the area of responsibility is substantiated. Structurally, the radar monitoring system should consist of a network of centimeter and millimeter range radar systems. The use of centimeter-range radar systems is due to the preservation of their operability during intense precipitation. Millimeter-wave radar systems are characterized by higher radar contrast, which significantly increases\u0000the effectiveness of environmental monitoring of water areas, their performance depending on the weather conditions. Thus, a combination of radars of two ranges allows continuous monitoring of the water area in any weather conditions. Radar systems are a recording module as part of an object monitoring system. The\u0000facility monitoring system, in addition to existing systems at the regional level, allows to receive information on the environmental situation promptly. This is especially true in case of emergency situations that occur during loading and transportation of oil products and other environmentally hazardous substances. The most significant result of many years of research is the concept of an automated distributed system for\u0000remote environmental monitoring of the water surface. For each module of the system, methods and models for processing spatial data and algorithms for the distribution of measuring instruments in the monitoring space are proposed. The purpose of the functioning of such a system is associated with detecting oil spills on the water surface, monitoring the dynamics of pollution and predicting the development of emergencies\u0000resulting from environmental disasters. International cooperation in the field of environmental protection is shown to be international in nature, the joint projects being an effective tool for development of scientific and educational potential of higher education in the field of ecology. Participation in international projects not only allows to increase the scientific and educational potential of higher education, but also influences\u0000the formation of environmental policy","PeriodicalId":330650,"journal":{"name":"HYDROMETEOROLOGY AND ECOLOGY. PROCEEDINGS OF THE RUSSIAN STATE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL UNIVERSITY","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129148169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}