{"title":"An improved signal filtering strategy based on EMD algorithm for ultrahigh precision grating encoder","authors":"Junhao Zhu, Kangning Yu, Gaopeng Xue, Qian Zhou, Xiaohao Wang, Xinghui Li","doi":"10.1117/12.2602201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2602201","url":null,"abstract":"The signal filtering of the grating encoder is of great significance to the measurement accuracy, aiming at eliminating the background noise potentially from the temperature changes, airflow fluctuations, and mechanical vibrations. Compared with the traditional time-frequency analysis methods, including wavelet transform, fast Fourier transform (FFT), and time Fourier transforms (TFT), the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm owing to no basis functions and high adaptability, is widely applied for signal decomposition. Here, we extended the EMD algorithm for the background-noise-based signal filtering in a grating encoder, with the experimental parameters of 5 μm/s moving speed and ∼19 mm stroke. Simultaneously, a laser interferometer, as a reference, was additionally assembled to calibrate the measurement results of the grating encoder. The measurement signal was collected by NI acquisition card with a 1000 Hz sample rate and processed by EMD algorithm. Here, EMD decomposed the signal into multiple intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), which were reconstructed by removing the noise and DC components according to the correlation coefficients. Compared with the measurement results of the laser interferometer, the measurement displacement with a 6.2 μm error was solved by the phase correction and arctangent calculation from the reconstructed signals. Finally, our proposed signal-filtering approach based on the EMD algorithm exhibits a stable, accurate, and real-time calculation performance applicable for the grating encoder with ultra-high precision positioning.","PeriodicalId":328885,"journal":{"name":"Real-time Photonic Measurements, Data Management, and Processing VI","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123223887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-accuracy magnetic field and electric current measurement based on optoelectronic oscillator","authors":"Muguang Wang, Beilei Wu","doi":"10.1117/12.2601426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2601426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":328885,"journal":{"name":"Real-time Photonic Measurements, Data Management, and Processing VI","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127295146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frequency response measurement of Mach-Zehnder modulators utilizing double carrier based on low frequency detection","authors":"Zhiyao Zhang, Yaowen Zhang, Lingjie Zhang, Ying-Xuan Xu, Yutong He, Shang-jian Zhang, Yujia Zhang, Yong Liu","doi":"10.1117/12.2601474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2601474","url":null,"abstract":"A frequency-shifted dual-carrier method is proposed for microwave characterization of Mach-Zehnder modulators based on low frequency detection. The proposed method utilizes the heterodyne products between the beats of two modulated sidebands, and achieves calibration-free microwave measurement of Mach-Zehnder modulators with the help of electrical spectrum analysis. Our method features low-frequency detection with only one microwave source and avoids the responsivity correction introduced by the photodetector. In the experiment, the frequency response of a Mach-Zehnder electro-optic intensity modulator is measured by using the proposed method, where the measurement results fit in with those obtained by using the conventional optical spectrum analysis method.","PeriodicalId":328885,"journal":{"name":"Real-time Photonic Measurements, Data Management, and Processing VI","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133329855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Temporal focusing based ultrafast high-resolution spectroscopy","authors":"Chi Zhang, Xinliang Zhang","doi":"10.1117/12.2601537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2601537","url":null,"abstract":"Spectroscopy is an essential tool to explore the interaction between light and matter. With the extensive study of ultrafast phenomena, ultrafast spectrum analysis is in great demand. In view of the limited acquisition frame rate of the conventional spectroscopy, the ultrafast temporal focusing mechanism was proposed and demonstrated, and it is capable of capturing arbitrary waveform signal, with the acquisition frame rate up to 100 MHz. Moreover, several approaches have been proposed to further improve its accuracy and bandwidth, it has achieved 2-pm spectral resolution and 58-nm observation bandwidth, and the observation range has been further extended to microwave and terahertz span. Furthermore, this spectroscopy has successfully characterized ultrafast phenomena and mechanisms of devices, and has been applied to several ultrafast spectral imaging systems.","PeriodicalId":328885,"journal":{"name":"Real-time Photonic Measurements, Data Management, and Processing VI","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126209269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of nebulization process based on multi-angle polarization scattering measurements","authors":"Zhidi Liu, N. Zeng, W. Guo, Hui Ma","doi":"10.1117/12.2601485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2601485","url":null,"abstract":"Nebulization therapy is a common treatment for respiratory diseases. The particle size distribution and physicochemical properties of the atomized droplets of different nebulizers have a great impact on the treatment. Droplets larger than 5 microns and less than 10 microns generally can only reach the upper airway, those with 5-10 microns can reach the nasopharynx, those below 5 microns can reach the bronchi, and those smaller than one micron can enter the alveoli. This study provides a polarization measurement system for atomized droplets. In the experimental device, we used a 532 nm laser as the light source. In the incident module, we used a polarizer and a quarter wave plate to form a polarization generator to generate a specific incident polarization state. In the detection module, we measured the polarization scattering signals at four different angles, namely 30°, 60°, 85° and 115°. When the droplet passes through the scattering region, the trigger channel set in the forward direction of 10° first detects the signal, and then triggers the other four channels to complete the detection of the polarization signal. The liquid medicines we used in the experiment were sterile water, acetylcysteine, budesonide and sodium chloride solution. For different liquid medicines, we compared the nebulization effects of two nebulizers, oxygen-driven nebulizer and compressed air nebulizer. The suspended droplets produced by the nebulizer first pass through a pressure-stabilizing box with a built-in fan to realize the uniform dispersion of the atomized droplets, and then use the sheath flow device to realize single droplet detection according to the principle of hydrodynamic focusing. Experiments show that this method can obtain multidimensional polarization information for each measurement and enables fast real-time detection of the polarization scattering signal of liquid droplets.","PeriodicalId":328885,"journal":{"name":"Real-time Photonic Measurements, Data Management, and Processing VI","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121038527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LFM-Costas waveform generation based on a Fourier domain mode locking optoelectronic oscillator","authors":"Xiangrui Tian, Lingjie Zhang, Huan Tian, Zhiyao Zhang, Heping Li, Yong Liu","doi":"10.1117/12.2601394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2601394","url":null,"abstract":"A linear frequency modulation (LFM)-Costas waveform generation scheme is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on a Fourier domain mode locking (FDML) optoelectronic oscillator (OEO). The FDML OEO is established based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect, where the Costas-coded probe light is realized by employing an open-loop voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) via electro-optic frequency shift. In the experiment, an LFM-Costas waveform with a 12-bit Costas sequence, a chirp rate of 39.234 MHz/μs and a period of 20.390 μs is generated in the frequency range of 8.020 GHz to 8.820 GHz. The generated LFM-Costas waveform has good pulse-to-pulse coherence according to the correlation results, and has been used to detect two targets with a distance difference of 0.30 m and 0.20 m.","PeriodicalId":328885,"journal":{"name":"Real-time Photonic Measurements, Data Management, and Processing VI","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126007786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benzhang Wang, Yupeng Zhang, Fan Zhou, X. Ye, Dongliang Quan
{"title":"Proposal of real-time Brillouin fiber sensing based on compressing sensing and pattern recognition algorithms","authors":"Benzhang Wang, Yupeng Zhang, Fan Zhou, X. Ye, Dongliang Quan","doi":"10.1117/12.2601336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2601336","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":328885,"journal":{"name":"Real-time Photonic Measurements, Data Management, and Processing VI","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131923389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}