Insurance Markets and Companies最新文献_第2页

COVID-19 pandemic and firm performance in the insurance industry in developed and emerging markets COVID-19 大流行病与发达市场和新兴市场保险业的公司业绩

Insurance Markets and Companies Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.08

A. Paminto, Ibnu Abni Lahaya, Muhammad Iqbal, Yanzil Azizil Yudaruddin, Rizky Yudaruddin

{"title":"COVID-19 pandemic and firm performance in the insurance industry in developed and emerging markets","authors":"A. Paminto, Ibnu Abni Lahaya, Muhammad Iqbal, Yanzil Azizil Yudaruddin, Rizky Yudaruddin","doi":"10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.08","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on insurance companies` performance. Data spanning 2018 to 2022 from the Wall Street Journal Database was employed, encompassing 1,931 companies across 65 countries. The research distinguishes between developed (808 insurers) and emerging markets (1,123 insurers) to identify more real consequences of the pandemic. The random effects model was utilized for regressions, which run in three stages. The dependent variables (Return on Assets and Return on Equity) and the independent variables (the COVID-19 pandemic and four firm-specific factors such as claim expenses, company size, leverage, and liquidity) were analyzed. In developed markets, the study confirms the significant negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on insurance firms, resulting in a global decline in performance. Conversely, emerging markets reveal a different scenario where company size plays a substantial role in insurance company performance, particularly in return on assets, aligning with findings favoring larger insurance entities. However, when considering company size’s interaction with COVID-19, larger insurers in emerging markets experienced performance declines during the pandemic. While leverage significantly affects insurance firm performance in both market types, its interaction with the pandemic shows no substantial impact. Liquidity, as represented by cash holding does not significantly enhance performance, particularly in developed markets, but higher cash reserves during the pandemic negatively affect performance, primarily in emerging markets. These findings provide insights for insurance company managers to develop adaptive strategies amid evolving market conditions and potential crises, including pandemics like COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":32827,"journal":{"name":"Insurance Markets and Companies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the impact of the russian invasion on the competitiveness in the Ukrainian insurance market 评估俄罗斯入侵对乌克兰保险市场竞争力的影响

Insurance Markets and Companies Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.07

A. Plastun, S. Laichuk, Liudmyla Rudenko, Tetiana Guzenko, Yuliia Mashyna

{"title":"Assessing the impact of the russian invasion on the competitiveness in the Ukrainian insurance market","authors":"A. Plastun, S. Laichuk, Liudmyla Rudenko, Tetiana Guzenko, Yuliia Mashyna","doi":"10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.07","url":null,"abstract":"The full-scale russian invasion and war in Ukraine have inflicted substantial damage on the Ukrainian economy across various sectors. During crises, a common phenomenon is a decline in market competitiveness. This paper seeks to investigate whether the war in Ukraine has resulted in a reduction of competitiveness in the Ukrainian insurance market. To assess this, a range of traditional measures of market concentration, as well as various statistical tests, were applied to three crucial indicators from the Ukrainian insurance market, namely, assets, insurance premiums, and insurance payments for the period from January 1, 2022 to July 1, 2023. The findings suggest that, despite substantial losses incurred by the Ukrainian insurance market due to the invasion, the competition in the market did not experience significant degradation. However, the existing trends indicating a propensity for increased market concentration are cause for concern and demand immediate attention from regulators to prevent the deterioration of the market. To prevent market degradation stemming from current trends, regulatory bodies like the National Bank of Ukraine should carefully monitor adverse developments. They ought to integrate commitments to ensure market competitiveness, complemented by specific quantitative metrics for oversight, into their strategic plans and concepts for the development of the insurance market. Given the persistent threat of russian bombing in Ukraine, a viable and promising direction involves the proactive adoption of digital services and products. AcknowledgmentsAlex Plastun gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (0121U100473).","PeriodicalId":32827,"journal":{"name":"Insurance Markets and Companies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesizing social insurance research: A bibliometric analysis 综合社会保险研究:文献计量分析

Insurance Markets and Companies Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.06

Mosab I. Tabash, Shekhar Shekhar, Poonam Singh, Mohd Shamshad, Mujeeb Saif Mohsen Al-Absy

{"title":"Synthesizing social insurance research: A bibliometric analysis","authors":"Mosab I. Tabash, Shekhar Shekhar, Poonam Singh, Mohd Shamshad, Mujeeb Saif Mohsen Al-Absy","doi":"10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.06","url":null,"abstract":"Social insurance has been a pivotal tool in implementing social security. The purpose of the study is to analyze the existing information clusters (areas) in the field of social insurance. Clusters define related and unrelated groups in the field of social insurance. These groups will help streamline and identify areas where little or no research has been conducted to present. To achieve the objective, the study employed a precise and systematic procedure to gather 562 journal articles published in Scopus-indexed journals from 1926–2022. Subsequently, VOSviewer, Science of Science (Sci2), and Gephi were utilized to conduct bibliometric analysis (such as keyword co-occurrence and bibliographic coupling) and network analysis tests (such as citation and co-citation analysis). The results of keyword co-occurrence and co-citation analysis suggest there are three knowledge clusters: welfare provisions, benefits provided by social insurance, and social insurance operational aspects. Through analysis found top article-based Inequality, social insurance, and redistribution with 408(LC) and 1042(GC) and its page rank value is 0.010574 through prestigious analysis. Additionally, it is also observed that I. Nielsen had made the most substantial contributions as an author, with R. Smyth and C. Nyland following closely in the rankings. Also, observed maximum total link strength with 109 value on social security variable. The study also drawn attention to specific deficiencies, including regional concentration of research, insufficient research in developing and underdeveloped countries, inadequate knowledge sharing among researchers, limited methodological diversity, and a lack of research on the role of social insurance in facilitating society’s recovery from the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":32827,"journal":{"name":"Insurance Markets and Companies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135867954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Factors and issues affecting electronic insurance adoption in an emerging market 影响新兴市场采用电子保险的因素和问题

Insurance Markets and Companies Pub Date : 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.05

Maen F. Nsour, Samer A. M. AL-Rjoub, Mohammad Tayeh, Husam Kokash

{"title":"Factors and issues affecting electronic insurance adoption in an emerging market","authors":"Maen F. Nsour, Samer A. M. AL-Rjoub, Mohammad Tayeh, Husam Kokash","doi":"10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.05","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the factors and issues affecting the adoption of electronic insurance (EI) in the Jordanian insurance sector. The methodology of the study is based on convenience sampling, thus, the sample consists of 175 respondents familiar with E-services, with different backgrounds, professions, businesses, income groups, sectors, and regions. Questionnaires were distributed and disseminated electronically using SurveyMonkey. The study employs both descriptive and ANOVA analyses to analyze the responses. The results show that EI promotes sustainability, reduces costs, saves time and holds some operational benefits beneath. The ANOVA results show that the impact of income and age on sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and operational benefits is significant at least at the 5% significance level. Respondents are also aware that EI may involve issues and challenges related to security and privacy, customer-related issues such as lack of knowledge about repositories, and insurer-related issues such as data shifting. The ANOVA results indicate that gender affects customers’ perceptions of EI adoption regarding customer-related issues; its effect is significant at the 5% level of significance. On the other hand, age and income level are important factors that shape respondents’ perceptions of EI in Jordan. Age is only significant for security-related issues, and income level is a deciding factor in insurer-related issues; their effect is strong and highly significant at the 5% and 1% levels, respectively.","PeriodicalId":32827,"journal":{"name":"Insurance Markets and Companies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73456733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolution of a commercial insurance company in trans-epochal developments: Evidence of the Czech insurance market 跨时代发展中商业保险公司的演变:捷克保险市场的证据

Insurance Markets and Companies Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.04

E. Vávrová, Lenka Přečková

{"title":"Evolution of a commercial insurance company in trans-epochal developments: Evidence of the Czech insurance market","authors":"E. Vávrová, Lenka Přečková","doi":"10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.04","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to analyze the evolution of the leading commercial insurance company Česká pojišťovna on the Czech insurance market in the years 1947–2021. Its evolution was closely linked to the processes of building socialism in the 1950s and the federalization of Czechoslovakia at the end of the 1960s. The paper uses qualitative research methods, methods of description and comparison, as well as local micro-historical analyses shall be applied. The main features of insurance products in the period of the totalitarian regime are characterized. Both the economic transformation in the 1990s and globalization in the last decades have had a radical effect on the further development of the analyzed company Česká pojišťovna. In the period after 1989, the development is marked by a focus on changes in the shareholder structure of the analyzed insurance company, and the development of its market share is shown. As a result of demonopolization, new companies could emerge, creating a competitive environment. The leading commercial insurance company Česká pojišťovna’s market share gradually began to decline.\u0000AcknowledgmentThis paper was supported by the project SGS/24/2022 “Financial stability determinants of the selected financial institutions”.","PeriodicalId":32827,"journal":{"name":"Insurance Markets and Companies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84312663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Drivers of potential policyholders’ uptake of insurance in Kenya using Random Forest 肯尼亚使用随机森林的潜在投保人接受保险的驱动因素

Insurance Markets and Companies Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.03

Nelson K. Yego, Joseph Nkurunziza, Juma Kasozi

{"title":"Drivers of potential policyholders’ uptake of insurance in Kenya using Random Forest","authors":"Nelson K. Yego, Joseph Nkurunziza, Juma Kasozi","doi":"10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.03","url":null,"abstract":"The low adoption of insurance by potential policyholders in developing countries like Kenya is a cause for concern for insurers, regulators, and other marketing stakeholders. To effectively design targeted marketing strategies to boost insurance adoption, it is crucial to determine the factors that affect insurance uptake among potential policyholders. In this study, the 2021 FinAccess Survey, which interviewed sampled individuals above 16 years in Kenya and machine learning techniques, including Random Forest, XGBoost, and Logistic Regression, were utilized to uncover the factors driving insurance uptake and the reasons for the low adoption of insurance among potential policyholders. Random Forest was the most robust model of the three classifiers based on Kappa score, recall score, F1 score, precision, and area under the operating characteristic curve (approaching 1). The paper explores eight reasons why people currently do not have insurance policies. The results indicated that affordability was the primary driver of uptake with 68.67% of having expressed a desire to possess insurance but are unable to afford it. The highest level of education being the next most significant factor. Cultural and religious beliefs and mistrust of insurance providers were found to have a minimal impact on uptake. These findings imply that offering affordable insurance products and conducting awareness campaigns are critical to increase insurance adoption.","PeriodicalId":32827,"journal":{"name":"Insurance Markets and Companies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91293360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyzing firm-specific factors affecting the financial performance of insurance companies in South Africa 分析影响南非保险公司财务绩效的公司特定因素

Insurance Markets and Companies Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.02

Thabiso Sthembiso Msomi, Smangele Nzama

{"title":"Analyzing firm-specific factors affecting the financial performance of insurance companies in South Africa","authors":"Thabiso Sthembiso Msomi, Smangele Nzama","doi":"10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.02","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the effect that firm-specific factors have on the financial performance of South African insurance companies. This paper looked at the performance of 36 insurers that are publicly traded and have quantifiable markets from 2008 to 2019. The return on assets (ROA) was calculated as a function of the financial performance in this study. While the firm size, leverage ratio, premium growth rate, liquidity ratio, and tangibility of assets were examined as dependent factors using the panel data regression technique, the premium growth rate, liquidity ratio, and tangibility of assets were explored as independent variables. According to the findings of the regression analysis, other firm-specific factors, with the exception of leverage and liquidity ratios, do not have a statistically significant influence on the financial performance of South African insurance companies. A negative and insignificant association was discovered between premium growth rate and ROA at –0.0023 and tangibility of assets and ROA at –0.0113. There was a strong positive and significant relationship between liquidity ratio and ROA at 0.0927, while the size had a positive but insignificant relationship with ROA at 0.0039. Leverage ratio and ROA had a negative but significant relationship at –0.1512. This study suggests that the use of automated systems and insured techs will be advantageous in cutting costs associated with policyholder enrollment, claims agreement, and even easily achieved tailor-made policy initiatives.","PeriodicalId":32827,"journal":{"name":"Insurance Markets and Companies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80593799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Switching intention and switching behavior of adults in the non-life insurance sector: Mediating role of brand love 非寿险行业成人换购意向与换购行为:品牌喜爱的中介作用

Insurance Markets and Companies Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.01

A. Kumar N., G. S., S. B., M. E.

{"title":"Switching intention and switching behavior of adults in the non-life insurance sector: Mediating role of brand love","authors":"A. Kumar N., G. S., S. B., M. E.","doi":"10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21511/ins.14(1).2023.01","url":null,"abstract":"In this digital era, customers in the insurance sector always look for better insurance products and services at an affordable price. When customers are unsure about service, they switch over to a better service provider. This behavior is more relevant to non-life insurance. However, the switching behavior of customers is hampered by certain switchover barriers such as “brand consciousness”, “brand pride”, “brand loyalty”, etc. This study focuses on exploring switching intentions and switching behaviors of adults in India keeping “brand love” as a mediator. A structured questionnaire was employed to collect the primary data from adults having non-life insurance products to analyze switching intentions and switching behaviors. The collected data were analyzed employing SPSS software and Hayes Process Model and appropriate statistical tools. The study results show that the switching intentions of adults vary based on their age, annual income, and education. Mean scores reveal that the lesser the age, the higher the intention to switch over. Further, based on annual income, adults who earn up to Rs 2 lakhs annually have more switching-over intentions (Mean score: 3.9719) followed by adults who earn Rs more than 2 lakhs to 5 lakhs annually (Mean score: 3.7590). Mean scores of education levels regarding switching intentions are higher among more educated adults and less among those who are qualified up to the school level.","PeriodicalId":32827,"journal":{"name":"Insurance Markets and Companies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82136093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Perceived trust: Do all of its dimensions matter for insurance inclusion? 感知信任:它的所有维度对保险纳入都有影响吗?

Insurance Markets and Companies Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.21511/ins.13(1).2022.09

Archillies Kiwanuka, Athenia Bongani Sibindi

{"title":"Perceived trust: Do all of its dimensions matter for insurance inclusion?","authors":"Archillies Kiwanuka, Athenia Bongani Sibindi","doi":"10.21511/ins.13(1).2022.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21511/ins.13(1).2022.09","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to examine the significance of perceived trust dimensions in explaining insurance inclusion in Uganda. Insurance inclusion remained very low in Uganda. Although trust is vital for insurance inclusion, it is not known whether all of its dimensions are relevant for insurance inclusion. As such, hierarchical regression analysis was adopted to investigate the predictive power of the individual dimensions of perceived trust on insurance inclusion. The significance of the individual components was attained by determining the change in the adjusted R2 and the significance of the change. Hence, the results showed that integrity (β = 0.316, p < 0.01), credibility (β = 0.252, p < 0.01) and reliability (β = 0.211, p < 0.01) were significant positive predictors of insurance inclusion. However, the results showed benevolence (β = 0.018, p > 0.05) to have an insignificant positive influence on insurance inclusion in Uganda. The effect of benevolence on insurance inclusion was practically and statistically insignificant. Overall results showed that independent variables explained 50.6% of the variance in insurance inclusion in Uganda when combined. Unlike prior studies that have investigated the general effect of trust as the global variable, the current study examined the impact of the independent dimensions of trust in explaining insurance inclusion. Besides, earlier studies ignored the trust theory, which provides key dimensions for understanding trust. The current study reveals that not all dimensions of perceived trust are significant for insurance inclusion in Uganda.","PeriodicalId":32827,"journal":{"name":"Insurance Markets and Companies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84747829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficiency studies of the sharia insurance industry: A systematic literature review 伊斯兰教保险业效率研究:系统文献回顾

Insurance Markets and Companies Pub Date : 2022-12-27 DOI: 10.21511/ins.13(1).2022.08

Azhar Alam, Ririn Tri Ratnasari, Fikri ‘Ainul Qolbi, Fauzul Hanif Noor Athief

{"title":"Efficiency studies of the sharia insurance industry: A systematic literature review","authors":"Azhar Alam, Ririn Tri Ratnasari, Fikri ‘Ainul Qolbi, Fauzul Hanif Noor Athief","doi":"10.21511/ins.13(1).2022.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21511/ins.13(1).2022.08","url":null,"abstract":"The sharia insurance industry has experienced significant development from year to year. A sharia insurance company’s efficiency is crucial because it reflects its capacity to generate outputs from resources. This study aims to enhance comprehension of the efficiency of sharia insurance currently studied by doing a comprehensive literature study. This study selected 429 published articles about Islamic insurance indexed by Scopus between 2010 and 2022. 32 final articles that met the criteria that discussed efficiency as the primary study included in the qualitative synthesis analysis were selected. As a result, this study succeeded in revealing the development of sharia insurance efficiency studies based on the number of publications, authors, countries, subject areas, sources of publications, and cited articles. The study found four main methods researchers used to measure the efficiency of Sharia insurance. This study also revealed several studies comparing the efficiency level between conventional and sharia insurance. Furthermore, the study’s results were mapped based on the significance of the influence of variables on the efficiency of Sharia insurance. This study offers a new opportunity for further development in methods and variables of the efficiency of sharia insurance.","PeriodicalId":32827,"journal":{"name":"Insurance Markets and Companies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84647798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1