{"title":"What does the silent planet tell us? The analysis of selected philosophical themes found in Stanisław Lem’s Solaris","authors":"P. Grabarczyk","doi":"10.18778/1505-9057.59.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.59.04","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyses selected philosophical aspects of Stanisław Lem’s Solaris. I argue that there is an interesting similarity between the history of “Solarist studies” –the fictional scientific discipline depicted by Lem and cognitive science. I show that both disciplines go through similar stages as they try to describe their main subject (the planet Solaris and human consciousness respectively). In the further part of the paper, I focus on two problems identified in cognitive science that can be directly related to the themes found in Solaris: the problem of the detection of intelligence and the problem of the notion of mental representations.\u0000I finish the paper by looking at the mysterious guests that stalk the main protagonists and show that they can be understood as heuristic models that are taken into account in the theories of mind uploading.","PeriodicalId":32744,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Litteraria Polonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48799436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uniwersytet w stanie podejrzenia. Na marginesie Sprawozdania dla Akademii Franza Kafki","authors":"Mariusz Jochemczyk","doi":"10.18778/1505-9057.59.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.59.01","url":null,"abstract":"Idea uniwersytetu nigdy nie stanowiła znaczącego kontekstu dla badań twórczości Franza Kafki. To inne instytucje społeczne stawały się naturalnym polem aluzyjnych rozpoznań literaturoznawców (sąd, zakład ubezpieczeń, cesarski urząd państwowy). W niniejszym szkicu (napisanym na marginesie słynnego opowiadania Kafki Raport dla Akademii) próbujemy to zmienić. Uniwersytet (tytułowa Akademia) staje się „centralnym obiektem krytyki”, instytucją w ruinie, miejscem, gdzie nie praktykuje się badań i nie doskonali humanistycznych cnót. Wręcz przeciwnie, jakże często (konsekwentnie) zamyka się tu „wrota percepcji” i wysadza śluzy „krytycznego myślenia” – w hołdzie partykularnej grze interesów. W najgorszym przypadku – skutkiem oddziaływania tak pomyślanej Akademii staje się destrukcja wynikła z aktów tresury i upokorzenia.","PeriodicalId":32744,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Litteraria Polonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46238897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performing death: Marina Abramović’s 7 Deaths of Maria Callas","authors":"F. Marzano","doi":"10.18778/1505-9057.59.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.59.10","url":null,"abstract":"This essay analyses the opera project 7 Deaths of Maria Callas by Marina Abramović, premiered in Munich in September, 2020. The first section reconstructs the role that the Greek soprano played in the life of the Serbian performer, bringing the latter to a gradual sense of self-identification. Then, the thirty-years-long development of the original concept of the video piece How to Die into the actual project through its various stages is taken into account, and the stage realisation of the work is described in detail. The third section focuses on the representation of death in Marina Abramović’s performances, while section four compares Callas and Abramović’s works and lives, and their status as iconic women. The last section retraces Abramović’s artistic path which has led her from her extreme and essential performances of the 1970s to her recent experimentations with other media and to her meditation on immaterial art.","PeriodicalId":32744,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Litteraria Polonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47940456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The theater is always dying","authors":"S. Gontarski","doi":"10.18778/1505-9057.59.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.59.11","url":null,"abstract":"The Theater Is always Dying traces the resilience of live theatrical performance in the face of competing performative forms like cinema, television and contemporary streaming services on personal, hand-held devices and focuses on theater’s ability to continue as a significant cultural, community and intellectual force in the face of such competition. To echo Beckett, we might suggest, then, that theater may be at its best at its dying since its extended demise seems self-regenerating. Whether or not you “go out of the theatre more human than when you went in”, as Ariane Mnouchkin suggests, or whether you’ve had a sense that you’ve been part of, participated in a community ritual, a Dionysia, or whether or not you’ve felt that you’ve been affected by a performative, an embodied intellectual and emotional human experience may determine how you judge the state of contemporary theater. You may not always know the answer to those questions immediately after the theatrical encounter, or ever deliberately or consciously, but something, nonetheless, may have been taking its course. You may emerge “more human than when you went in”.","PeriodicalId":32744,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Litteraria Polonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46202780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Poetyckie krajobrazy Wilhelma Przeczka","authors":"Libor Martinek","doi":"10.18778/1505-9057.59.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.59.09","url":null,"abstract":"Wilhelm Przeczek is a Polish writer who has lived in Karviná, the Czech Republic, since he was born in 1936. He is a member of a Polish minority and he has aimed his literary output at its members and at readers in Poland. Translations into the Czech language are aimed at readers in the Czech Republic. Having made a protest against the intervention of the Warsaw Pact armies into Czechoslovakia in August 1968, W. Przeczek was not allowed to publish and he was dismissed – he had worked as an editor of a Polish paper “Głos Ludu”. In 1970–1977 he worked as an actor, stage director, and dramatic advisor of a puppet show theatre Bajka in Český Těšín, the Czech Republic. \u0000In his article, the author deals with poems by W. Przeczek’s on the subject of journeys about Europe. The starting point is local, but a global result.","PeriodicalId":32744,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Litteraria Polonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67612464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rumory wojny. Szkic do portretu Franza Kafki (na przykładzie opowiadania Bratobójstwo)","authors":"Miłosz Piotrowiak","doi":"10.18778/1505-9057.59.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.59.03","url":null,"abstract":"W dotychczasowych badaniach nad twórczością Franza Kafki problematyka wojenna występuje raczej zdawkowo i incydentalnie. W prezentowanym artykule, Autor wytyka zaniechanie kafkologów i próbuje wskazać możliwe kierunki belumicznej interpretacji. Szkic do portretu wojennego inspirowany jest opowiadaniem prażanina zatytułowanym Bratobójstwo. Tekst, w którym widać inspiracje biblijną historią Kaina i Abla, to zaczyn kafkowskiego myślenia o świecie zdeterminowanym przemocą, opanowanym przez krwawy konflikt. Gest podniesienia ręki przez barat na brata to prototyp masowej zagłady, wojny jako takiej, a także ludobójstwa. Wydaje się, że na tym tekstowym poligonie doświadczalnym, przećwiczył Kafka swe przyszłe projekty fabularne. Utwory autora Bratobójstwa, czytane jako wykwit wyobraźni opanowanej pożogą wojenną, uzupełniają, zaniechane wcześniej przez znawców, pole badawcze.","PeriodicalId":32744,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Litteraria Polonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46737288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Meaning. Are the tools of rhetoric useful in studying the matter?","authors":"J. Lichański","doi":"10.18778/1505-9057.58.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.58.05","url":null,"abstract":"The discussion centres around two issues: the issue of meaning, and the question whether the tools of rhetoric viewed as the basic tool in interpersonal communication (be it everyday or specialist communication) can be helpful in reading and interpreting meaning. The author understands meaning after G. Frege: […] let the following phraseology be established: A proper name (word, sign, sign combination, expression) expresses its sense, stands for or designates its reference. By means of a sign we express its sense and designate its reference. The purpose of the discussion is also to answer a much more general question: whether through rhetoric can one say something important about the world, so do they define a philosophical thesis or only, from various perspectives, one searches for the most probable answer to a hypothesis. \u0000The presented assumption is a result of the suggestion of Willard van Orman Quine: Rhetoric is the literary technology of persuasion, for good or ill, and it entails something which Randal Marlin defined as referentially translucent expressions. \u0000Therefore, the hypothesis I shall try to prove is the following: can the sense of any expression be, using the tools of rhetoric, defined to such an extent so that it becomes a philosophical thesis and not a hypothesis? So that in terms of both the subject and the object the expression could be considered as true. Then and only then can one say that such an expression has/contains some (but not any) sense.","PeriodicalId":32744,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Litteraria Polonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44189342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The City of Man and the critique of fascism: The perspective of Hermann Broch","authors":"J. Lichański","doi":"10.18778/1505-9057.58.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.58.20","url":null,"abstract":"The City of Man initiative, with a conscious reference to Saint Augustine’s De civitate Dei, wanted to build a system after the First World War that would ensure free and unfettered human development. This initiative was undertaken by emigrants from Europe and eminent American intellectuals: they all hoped that a realized democracy in the classical Greek sense of the word would not only give us peace, but also open a perspective that, among other things, would eliminate socialism in its fascist and Bolshevik variants. \u0000Why do I open, however, an article devoted to this somewhat forgotten initiative with remarks on the subject of Hermann Broch, who, though he played an important role in the work of this group, was simply “one of many” (exactly one of the seventeen members of the group)? This is due to the fact that his voice was weighty. I also follow Paul Michael Lützeler’s suggestions; it must be remembered that the issues raised in the manifesto of the aforementioned group were taken up by the writer and philosopher, from the beginning of his activity, i.e. from his debut in 1931. It is worth looking at how the artist solved the same problems, which he then “tried” to describe and analyze as a philosopher and theoretician of economics.","PeriodicalId":32744,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Litteraria Polonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44254118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surrounded by a wall: The hermetic language of the Polish community of video gamers. Do Poles know the language of Polish gamers? The results of a survey-based study","authors":"Rafał Maćkowiak","doi":"10.18778/1505-9057.57.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.57.05","url":null,"abstract":"The video game industry is today one of the most rapidly developing branches of the entertainment industry. Such corporations as Microsoft, Sony and Nintendo are increasing their investment engagement in the manufacture of gaming hardware (e.g. computers, consoles, and tablets), and in game development for various platforms. There has developed and continues to expand an extensive terminology which due to the increasing consolidation of the user base is progressing towards producing a sociolect. Linguists have not yet examined the lexis of gamers which is why it must be studied considering the extent of the phenomenon and the sheer size of the gamer community. Video gamers form a large group. At this point it must be stressed that the gamer community and the lexis specific for it does not exist in isolation. The lexis used by gamers continues to permeate outside the community, e.g. to other media or the colloquial language. The author of this article conducted a survey to check whether the lexis of video gamers is known to random respondents. This article presents the results of the survey.","PeriodicalId":32744,"journal":{"name":"Acta Universitatis Lodziensis Folia Litteraria Polonica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43537582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}