The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Young patient with generalized lymphangiomatosis: Differentiating the differential","authors":"Tharani Putta, A. Irodi, B. Thangakunam, A. Oliver, R. Gunasingam","doi":"10.4103/0971-3026.190416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.190416","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We present the case of a 19-year-old man who was extensively evaluated in multiple centres for long-standing cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis without a definitive diagnosis. His chest radiograph at presentation showed mediastinal widening, bilateral pleural effusions, and Kerley B lines. Computed tomography of the thorax showed a confluent, fluid-density mediastinal lesion enveloping the mediastinal viscera without any mass effect. There were bilateral pleural effusions, prominent peribronchovascular interstitial thickening, interlobular septal thickening and lobular areas of ground glass density with relative sparing of apices. There were a few dilated retroperitoneal lymphatics and well-defined lytic lesions in the bones. In this case report, we aim to systematically discuss the relevant differentials and arrive at a diagnosis. We also briefly discuss the treatment options and prognosis along with our patient's course in the hospital and final outcome.","PeriodicalId":326419,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130358281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmural coil embolization—alternative technique for management of arterial perforation during subintimal angioplasty","authors":"K. Damodharan, A. Bolia","doi":"10.4103/0971-3026.190422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.190422","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Subintimal angioplasty of lower limb arterial occlusion carries a relatively higher risk of vessel perforation compared to transluminal angioplasty. Vessel perforation is a potentially life threatening complication which requires prompt recognition and management. They are usually managed by endovascular techniques such as low-pressure balloon tamponade, covered stents, and coil embolization of the ruptured artery. We describe a technique of treating vessel perforation following balloon angioplasty. Patient developed a large perforation of the proximal superficial femoral artery (SFA) after balloon inflation during subintimal angioplasty of complete SFA occlusion. Following failure of balloon tamponade in sealing the perforation, we successfully treated it by deploying an embolization coil at the site of perforation through the vessel wall followed by balloon tamponade. Our technique could be a useful relatively inexpensive alternative treatment option in the management of vessel perforation compared to covered stents.","PeriodicalId":326419,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125397881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging in spinal posterior epidural space lesions: A pictorial essay","authors":"F. Gala, Y. Aswani","doi":"10.4103/0971-3026.190406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.190406","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Spinal epidural space is a real anatomic space located outside the dura mater and within the spinal canal extending from foramen magnum to sacrum. Important contents of this space are epidural fat, spinal nerves, epidural veins and arteries. Due to close proximity of posterior epidural space to spinal cord and spinal nerves, the lesions present with symptoms of radiculopathy and/or myelopathy. In this pictorial essay, detailed anatomy of the posterior epidural space, pathologies affecting it along with imaging pearls to accurately diagnose them are discussed. Various pathologies affecting the posterior epidural space either arising from the space itself or occurring secondary to vertebral/intervertebral disc pathologies. Primary spinal bone tumors affecting the posterior epidural space have been excluded. The etiological spectrum affecting the posterior epidural space ranges from degenerative, infective, neoplastic - benign or malignant to miscellaneous pathologies. MRI is the modality of choice in evaluation of these lesions with CT scan mainly helpful in detecting calcification. Due to its excellent soft tissue contrast, Magnetic Resonance Imaging is extremely useful in assessing the pathologies of posterior epidural space, to know their entire extent, characterize them and along with clinical history and laboratory data, arrive at a specific diagnosis and guide the referring clinician. It is important to diagnose these lesions early so as to prevent permanent neurological complication.","PeriodicalId":326419,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116985906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated eosinophilic infiltration of the breast","authors":"A. Parakh, J. Arora, Smita Srivastava, R. Goel","doi":"10.4103/0971-3026.190407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.190407","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We report the eighth case of eosinophilic mastitis and the first one without an association with peripheral eosinophilia or systemic involvement. A 51-year-old diabetic presented with a painful right breast lump. The mammogram, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging suggested a diagnosis of periductal mastitis, however, a sinister etiology of breast carcinoma could not be ruled out. Diagnosis was made by vacuum assisted biopsy which revealed features of eosinophilic mastitis.","PeriodicalId":326419,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging","volume":"94 Suppl D 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116919011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embryogenesis of vagina and embryopathogenesis of Herlyn–Werner–Wunderlich syndrome","authors":"Y. Aswani","doi":"10.4103/0971-3026.190411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.190411","url":null,"abstract":"417 Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging / August 2016 / Vol 26 / Issue 3 of treatment. Coil embolization is now the standard endovascular approach to the management of symptomatic AVF.[3] However, transcatheter embolization of large, high‐flow AVF always carries a significant risk for migration of embolic material into the pulmonary arteries.[4] This risk can be minimized with the use of an amplatzer vascular plug (AVP).[5] AVP has many advantages over other embolic materials. Its position after the release is checked with contrast injection and can be retracted, if required, and be repositioned. Its migration risk is less than those of coils. Limitations of AVP include need of a 5–9 F sheath and unsuitability of AVP for vessels that are too small or too large. This case illustrates the feasibility of the use of AVP in the treatment of renal AVF.","PeriodicalId":326419,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131881254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endovascular management of post traumatic giant renal arteriovenous fistula using occluder device","authors":"C. Das, K. Rahul, Sanjay Sharma, A. Seth","doi":"10.4103/0971-3026.190427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.190427","url":null,"abstract":"A 32‐year‐old male patient initially presented with a 6‐month history of left flank pain. The pain was dull, intermittent, and non‐radiating. He had a history of bullet injury 7 years back in the left flank. On physical examination, a continuous bruit was audible over the left flank. Doppler evaluation revealed a large cystic lesion at the left renal hilum with increased flow velocity and decreased arterial resistance, and mixing of arterial and venous waveform was also observed. A computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed which revealed contrast opacification of the renal vein during the arterial phase suggesting renal AVF. A giant pseudoaneurysm (PSA) was also seen occupying the mid and lower pole of the left kidney [Figure 1A] measuring 7 cm × 6.5 cm × 6 cm. The main renal artery (MRA) was the possible feeder artery to the AVF which was seen directly opening into the PSA, suggesting an ultrashort segment of fistulous communication. Main renal vein appeared to be directly communicating with the pseudoaneurysm and was also dilated grossly with aneurismal morphology. The morphology and extension of the vascular lesion was well‐demonstrated on the volume rendering technique image [Figure 1B].","PeriodicalId":326419,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129907168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic resonance neurographic confirmation of extensive Plexiform neurofibroma in neurofibromatosis-1 presenting as ambiguous genitalia","authors":"I. Kumar, A. Verma, Ritu Ojha, P. Aggarwal, R. Shukla, A. Srivastava","doi":"10.4103/0971-3026.190423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.190423","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Genitourinary involvement of neurofibromatosis is uncommon and genital neurofibromatosis is even rarer. Involvement of clitoris by neurofibroma can lead to clitoromegaly masquerading as a male penis. We report such a case of ambiguous genitalia in a 7-year-old female child presenting with clitoromegaly since birth, in which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed the presence of extensive neurofibromatosis in the clitoris and lumbosacral regions. We emphasize the central role of MRI in evaluation of hormonal and non-hormonal causes of ambiguous genitalia. We further discuss the merits of including MR neurography in the imaging protocol for comprehensive delineation of neurofibromatosis.","PeriodicalId":326419,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128254998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiparametric 3T MRI evaluation of hereditary spastic paraplegia: A case report","authors":"S. Priya, N. Siddique, Ruchira Das, Archana Singh","doi":"10.4103/0971-3026.190413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.190413","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a rare heterogeneous group of familial neurodegenerative disorders characterized by degeneration of the corticospinal tracts and posterior column of the spinal cord. Previously described radiological findings included nonspecific brain abnormalities such as brain atrophy and white matter lesions, as well as atrophy of the corpus callosum and spinal cord. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy may reveal reduced concentrations of normal brain metabolites and elevated levels of myoinositol. Diffusion tensor imaging shows increased mean diffusivity and reduced fractional anisotropy in the periventricular white matter, which is compatible with damaged myelinated axons. We present here two cases of HSP in a single family with typical imaging findings.","PeriodicalId":326419,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125332179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of 18F-FDG PET/CT in investigation of elevated CEA without known primary malignancy","authors":"S. Wong, W. Yu, Ki Wang, A. Ahuja","doi":"10.4103/0971-3026.190412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.190412","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of 18flurodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computer tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in investigating patients with elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and without known primary malignancy, and the impact of PET/CT findings on patient management. Setting and Design: PET/CT scans done in a tertiary hospital between December 2007 and February 2012 for elevated CEA in patients without known primary malignancy were retrospectively reviewed. Materials and Methods: The PET/CT findings, patients' clinical information, level of CEA, histological diagnosis, and subsequent management were retrieved by the electronic patient record for analysis. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19. Results: One hundred and one PET/CT scans were performed for patients with elevated CEA. Fifty-eight of these were performed for patients with known primary malignancy and were excluded; 43 PET/CT scans were performed for patients without known primary malignancy and were included. Thirty-three (77%) had a positive PET/CT. Among the 32 patients with malignancy, 15 (47%) suffered from lung cancer and 8 (25%) suffered from colorectal cancer. The sensitivity (97%), specificity (82%), positive predictive value (94%), negative predictive value (90%), and accuracy (93%) were calculated. Thirty (91%) patients had resultant change in management. The mean CEA level for patients with malignancy (46.1 ng/ml) was significantly higher than those without malignancy (3.82 ng/ml) (P < 0.05). In predicting the presence of malignancy, a CEA cutoff at 7.55 ng/ml will achieve a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 73%. Conclusion: PET/CT, in our study population, appears to be sensitive, specific, and accurate in investigating patients with elevated CEA and without known primary malignancy. In addition to diagnosis of underlying primary malignancy, PET/CT also reveals occult metastases which would affect patient treatment options.Its role in investigating patients with elevated CEA and without known primary, compared with other investigation modalities, remains to be studied.","PeriodicalId":326419,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122808000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of color doppler imaging in leprosy","authors":"Y. Aswani","doi":"10.4103/0971-3026.190410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.190410","url":null,"abstract":"418 Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging / August 2016 / Vol 26 / Issue 3 Cite this article as: Aswani Y. Embryogenesis of vagina and embryopathogenesis of Herlyn–Werner–Wunderlich syndrome. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2016;26:417‐8. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non‐commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.","PeriodicalId":326419,"journal":{"name":"The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging","volume":"368 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133362711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}