Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Kidney transplant and its outcomes: Five-year single-center experience from Central India","authors":"R. Banode, P. Kimmatkar, C. Bawankule, Vandana Adamane","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_61_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_61_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Kidney transplantation has become the treatment of choice for most patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, there is a remarkable disparity in the access and outcome of kidney transplant across the world. We present the clinical and survival data from the nephrology and kidney transplantation center for a period of 5 years in a cost-limited setting from Central India. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 66 kidney transplants performed in a single transplant center over a period of 5 years from 2016 to 2020. All data of recipients and donors were obtained from hospital records. Kaplan–Meier method was used for survival analysis. Results: Of 66 included patients, 86% were living donor and 14% were cadaveric kidney transplant. The mean age of the recipient was 30.64 ± 10.66 years. Fifty-five (83%) were male recipients and 11 (17%) were female recipients. The most common cause of ESKD in recipients was chronic glomerulonephritis (55%). The mean hemodialysis vintage was 11.04 ± 10.12 months. Seventy-four percent of donors were female and 24% of donors were male. Induction therapy with rabbit antithymocyte globulin was used in 20 (30%) and basiliximab in 21 (32%) recipients. Thirty (45%) recipients underwent graft kidney biopsy in view graft dysfunction. Acute cellular rejection was the most common cause of graft dysfunction seen in 8 (28%) of graft kidney biopsy. Graft survival and patient survival at 1, 3, and 5 years after transplant were 89%, 81%, and 77% and 90%, 84%, and 81%, respectively. Conclusions: Our observation showed that graft survival and patient survival after transplant were lower compared to other studies due to higher rejection rate and mortality due to infections. Hence, attention to immunological risk factors with proper immunologic testing pretransplant and early detection and adequate treatment of rejection episode even in cost-limited settings are suggested. Also after kidney transplant, prevention and prompt treatment of infection would offer the greatest potential to improve the chance of living longer with functioning graft.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85695479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet gaming disorder among medical students: An observational study from Central Kerala, India","authors":"R. Bhaskar, Bichu P. Babu, S. Sebastian","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_28_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_28_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The development of information technology has popularized Internet gaming as a leisure time activity. India is currently ranked fifth among the list of top countries by game downloads globally. This makes a subset of the population of India, especially the young and adolescents, extremely vulnerable to the harms associated with excessive digital gaming. Although, most of the time, playing video games is harmless and even may be associated with cognitive, social, or physical benefits, excessive use of playing games can lead to various health problems in some individuals. Objective: The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of problematic gaming among medical students in Central Kerala by Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT)-10 questionnaire using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) scale. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate MBBS students across Pathanamthitta, Alappuzha, Kottayam, and Ernakulam districts. Data were collected using a ten-item IGDT-10-English version and analyzed by DSM-5 scale. Data on demographic details and information about gaming were expressed as proportions with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The prevalence of problematic gaming among medical students in Central Kerala is 6.98%. Playing video games (χ2 = 190.10, P = 0.001) and playing games for >3 h (χ2 = 207.05, P = 0.001) were significantly associated with the physical complaints of headaches, neck pain, and wrist pain among gamers (odds ratio = 40.6, 95% CI [18.776–87.936]). Conclusion: Problematic gaming among medical students is on the rise, and therefore, there is a need for a check and timely remedial action.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82971052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular hamartoma - A rare soft tissue tumor on the back","authors":"Shrihari Chandrasekaran, Nirmal Palaniyappan, Jacob Raju Mandapati, Indira Gunasekaran","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_66_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_66_21","url":null,"abstract":"Hamartoma is a nonneoplastic proliferation of mature cells and tissues indigenous to the affected part. They are classified as lipomatous, neurogenic, vascular, angiomatous, etc., based on the predominance of tissue in them. This is a case of vascular hamartoma of the infrascapular region in a young male. He was evaluated elsewhere with magnetic resonance imaging and incisional biopsy and referred to our institute for further management. After initial contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the thorax, the mass was excised surgically with adequate margins and the wound was closed primarily. The final biopsy report of the mass showed a vascular hamartomatous lesion. Hence, hamartoma should be considered one of the differentials for a soft-tissue mass found anywhere in the body and proper preoperative imaging and planning of appropriate intervention is necessary.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72509492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level of stress among postgraduate junior residents during their postgraduation in medical colleges of Coastal Karnataka – A cross-sectional study","authors":"M. Bhat, Dilshana Nafisa, A. Kakunje, Rajesh Mithur, R. Karkal","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_9_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_9_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stress has been an unavoidable reality of resident's life. Postgraduates face numerous stressors in their medical training. Stress may indirectly lead to medical errors which negatively impact the quality of patient care. However, the severity varies among individuals. Here, we present a study where we looked into the levels of stress among postgraduate junior residents of Coastal Karnataka and its association with various sociodemographic and clinical variables. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted among postgraduate residents of various departments of seven medical colleges of Coastal Karnataka involved 236 participants. Ethical clearance was obtained from the institutional ethical committee. The sociodemographic and clinical variables of participants were collected using an online questionnaire. Assessment of stress level was done using Perceived Stress Scale. Results: The study indicated statistically significant increase in stress level among females compared to males (P = 0.009). The year of postgraduation, number of years taken to join postgraduation, and subject of postgraduation did not make any significant difference in the level of stress. However, most of the postgraduates had moderate stress scale scores. Conclusion: Postgraduation is indeed a time of incredible stress to all the residents. Our study was also able to indicate the same. There is a need to provide psychological support during their training.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81114784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of hypertonic saline–sodium hydroxide method for isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Lowenstein–Jensen medium","authors":"C. Athira, N. Joseph","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_6_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_6_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Decontamination of sputum specimen is a crucial procedure for successful isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) using Lowenstein–Jensen (LJ) media. The aim of this study was to evaluate hypertonic saline–sodium hydroxide (HSSH) method for decontamination of sputum specimens for the isolation of MTB on LJ medium. Methods: The sputum specimens were divided into three aliquots and were decontaminated by HSSH method, N-acetyl L-cysteine-sodium hydroxide (NALC-NaOH) method, and modified Petroff's method. We have compared the smear positivity, isolation rate, and contamination rate of HSSH method with that of NALC-NaOH method and modified Petroff's method for decontamination of sputum specimens for LJ culture. Results: Sputum samples from 270 patients were processed by the three decontamination methods, of which 24 (8.9%) were smear and culture positive by one or more decontamination methods. Of the 24 smear-positive cases, 23 (95.8%) were positive by NALC-NaOH method, 21 (87.5%) were positive by HSSH method, and 17 (70.8%) were positive by modified Petroff's method. The contamination rate of HSSH method, NALC-NaOH method, and modified Petroff's method was 2.2% (6/270), 8.9% (24/270), and 6.7% (18/270), respectively. The MTB isolation rate of HSSH method, NALC-NaOH method, and modified Petroff's method was 7.0% (19/270), 4.1% (11/270), and 3.3% (9/270), respectively. Conclusion: Among the three decontamination methods, a significantly higher isolation rate and a lower contamination rate were observed with HSSH method. Therefore, we recommend HSSH method for decontamination of sputum samples for the isolation of MTB using LJ medium.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85826983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric and topographic analysis of calvaria: A special focus on parietal emissary foramina","authors":"Naga Chigurupati, K. Sriambika, Aparna Muraleedharan, J. Gunasegaran, Rema Devi","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_57_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_57_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The parietal foramina (PFs) are located on either side of the sagittal suture at the posterior aspect of the parietal bone. The part of the sagittal suture between the two PFs is called obelion because it resembles the Greek symbol % “obelos.” The PF transmits an emissary vein named Santorini vein which connects the extracranial veins to the superior sagittal sinus. The emissary veins are of clinical significance as they are involved in the pathway of spreading infection from the extracranial to the intracranial source. PF is of special interest to neuroanatomists and neurosurgeons due to its anatomical variations and surgical importance. Materials and Methods: A total of 111 dry human calvariae of unknown gender were included in the study. These human calvariae were observed for the presence or absence and also observed for the unilateral, bilateral, single, or multiple PFs. The foramina were macroscopically observed by using a magnifying lens, and a needle was probed into each foramen to check their patency. Topographical parameters were measured. Results: Out of 111 calvariae, a single parietal emissary foramen was observed in 63 (56.7%) on the right parietal bone, 67 (60.3%) on the left parietal bone, and absence of parietal emissary foramen on right parietal bone in 41 (36.9%) and 37 (33.3%) on the left parietal bone, bilateral absence in 23 (20.7%) of the parietal bones. The presence of parietal emissary foramen on the sagittal suture was observed in 2 (1.8%) of skulls and also noted the single, double, multiple PF in 56.7%, 2.7%, 1.8% and 60.3%, 4.5%, 0, respectively. The different shapes of PF that was observed were circle shape on the right side 69.3%, on the left 66.6%, slit shape on the right 0.9%, on the left 1.8%, oval shape on the right 2.7%, on the left 1.8%. Out of all parietal emissary foramen, bilateral PF was observed in 53 + single parietal foramen on right 63 + on left 67 + double on right 3 + on left 5 + multiple on right 3 = 247. Out of 247 PF, 8 were patent through and the connection was oblique. All the other foramina were found to open into the diploic space. For those foramina through and through patency could not be assessed. The distance between the PF, distance of PF and sagittal suture, distance from the bregma to obelion, distance from lambda to obelion were measured. The obtained results are tabulated. Conclusion: Parietal emissary veins are surgically important structures that receive little attention in scalp surgeries. These veins cause excessive bleeding if not located properly. The current study reports the anatomical variations in the PF which may serve as an important landmark to the neurosurgeon.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80703245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipoma of parotid mimicking as pleomorphic adenoma","authors":"P. Pradeep Raj, M. Fazil, D. Livingston, C. Manoharan, Kevin Manuel, Emil Phinehas","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_41_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_41_21","url":null,"abstract":"Lipomas are the most common benign mesenchymal tumors, arising in any location where fat is normally present in the head-and-neck region in adults. Lipoma of parotid gland is rare, hence, not often considered for differential diagnosis for parotid swellings. When there is any suspicion, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance helps in confirmatory diagnosis. We present a 27-year-old man with a swelling in parotid gland, which was diagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma on fine-needle aspiration cytology. Surgical excision of parotid gland is the management even though excision is challenging because of the facial nerve, which courses through the parotid gland. The postoperative histopathology revealed a lipoma, the clinical picture, radiological, and histopathological features of this case is being discussed here.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74993250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness in primary hypertensive patients using B-mode ultrasound: Cross-sectional study","authors":"M. Al-Mendalawi","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_1_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_1_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75573275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anesthetic management of a giant cavernous hemangioma of liver posted for right hepatectomy","authors":"A. Fatima, Prathap Sekar, S. Segaran, M. Zachariah","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_85_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_85_20","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatic hemangiomas (HH) are benign tumors of the liver with an incidence of 0.4%–20%. Most of the HH are asymptomatic with incidental discovery and shows female preponderance. They range from small hemangiomas to large cavernous hemangiomas involving the entire liver. Large hemangiomas will develop symptoms and complications that require prompt surgical intervention or other treatment modalities. Most large liver hemangiomas require hepatic resection which is a complex procedure involving vascular structures and physiological derangements. Hepatic resection requires meticulous anesthetic and surgical management with proper blood replacement therapy. Coagulopathy, hepatic and renal failure and bile leak are some of the important complications of hepatic resection. We present successful management of a case of hepatic hemangioma who underwent right hepatectomy.","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91021186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guillain-Barre Syndrome in COVID-19 patients: An emerging dilemma","authors":"Tarun Kumar Suvvari, VenkataDinesh Kumar Kandula","doi":"10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_27_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrsm.jcrsm_27_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32638,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Current Research in Scientific Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84330443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}