{"title":"Electronic Transport in Few-Layer Black Phosphorus","authors":"G. Long, Xiaolong Chen, Shuigang Xu, Ning Wang","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.89149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89149","url":null,"abstract":"Subjected to an adequately high magnetic field, Landau levels (LLs) form to alter the electronic transport behavior of a semiconductor. Especially in two-dimensional (2D) limit, quantum Hall effect sheds light on a variety of intrinsic properties of 2D electronic systems. With the raising quality of field effect transistors (FET) based on few-layer black phosphorus (BP), electronic transport in quantum limit (quantum transport) has been extensively studied in literatures. This chapter investigates the electronic transport in few-layer BP, especially in quantum limit. At the beginning of this chapter, a brief introduction to the background of LL, edge state, and quantum Hall effect will be delivered. We then examine the fabrication of high-quality FET based on BP and their electronic performances followed by exploring the magnetoresistances of these high-quality devices which reveal Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations and quantum Hall effect in BP. Intrinsic parameters like effective mass, Landé g-factor, and so on are discussed based on quantum transport.","PeriodicalId":325236,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Nanomaterials - Flexible Electronics Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115547280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hybrid Ion Exchangers","authors":"Amita Somya","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.92116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92116","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid ion exchangers are of recent origin in the field of ion exchange chemistry. They have shown excellent chemical, mechanical and thermal stability conversant to both organic and inorganic counterparts. Very recently, new classes of ion exchangers have been studied by combining surfactants and inorganic metal phosphates. This article highlights the salient features of metal phosphates as ion exchangers, various development stages with the modifications, with an emphasis on the recent develop-ments in the field of analytical chemistry, particularly surfactant-based hybrid fibrous and non-fibrous metal phosphates as ion exchangers. Surfactants or surface-active agents when present in the matrix of inorganic metal phosphates not only enhance their ion-exchange capacity but, also the selective adsorption of metal ions. Therefore, these materials are of great importance in industrial and environmental applications.","PeriodicalId":325236,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Nanomaterials - Flexible Electronics Materials","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131703602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tae-Hyung Lee, Ji-Soo Kim, Jung-Hun Lee, Hyun-joong Kim
{"title":"Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives for Flexible Display Applications","authors":"Tae-Hyung Lee, Ji-Soo Kim, Jung-Hun Lee, Hyun-joong Kim","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.90619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90619","url":null,"abstract":"Pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSA) have been used in electronics for not only attachment of two materials but also shock absorption, thermal and electrical conductivity, electromagnetic shielding, and optical property. Optically clear adhesives (OCA) have been used as a core material for optical performance of display. In addition to basic properties of OCA such as adhesion strength, transmittance, haze, and reliability, it has required dielectric constant, gap filling, and anticorrosion according to a substrate. However, the structural and functional changes of flexible display bring challenges to OCA that protects vulnerable components such as thin-film transistor, OLED, and thin-film encapsulation by stress dispersion and adjustment of a neutral plane. At the same time, flexibility and existing properties are essential. In this chapter, the development of components and performance of OCA, and evaluation methods will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":325236,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Nanomaterials - Flexible Electronics Materials","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121461830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smart Manufacturing Technologies for Printed Electronics","authors":"Saleem Khan, Shawkat Ali, A. Bermak","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.89377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89377","url":null,"abstract":"Fabrication of electronic devices on different flexible substrates is an area of significant interest due to low cost, ease of fabrication, and manufacturing at ambient conditions over large areas. Over the time, a number of printing technologies have been developed to fabricate a wide range of electronic devices on nonconventional substrates according to the targeted applications. As an increasing interest of electronic industry in printed electronics, further expansion of printed technologies is expected in near future to meet the challenges of the field in terms of scalability, yield, and diversity and biocompatibility. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of various printing electronic technologies commonly used in the fabrication of electronic devices, circuits, and systems. The different printing techniques based on contact/noncontact approach of the printing tools with the target substrates have been explored. These techniques are assessed on the basis of ease of operation, printing resolutions, processability of materials, and ease of optimization of printed structures. The various technical challenges in printing techniques, their solutions with possible alternatives, and the potential research directions are highlighted. The latest developments in assembling various printing tools for enabling high speed and batch manufacturing through roll-to-roll systems are also explored.","PeriodicalId":325236,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Nanomaterials - Flexible Electronics Materials","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127913734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Nanocarbon Hybrids by Chemical Vapor Deposition","authors":"Hua-Fei Li, S. Deng, G. Dai","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.89671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89671","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanotube (CNT), and carbon nanofiber (CNF) have received tremendous attentions in the past two decades due to their extraordinary mechanical strength and thermal and electrical properties. Recently, it indicates that three-dimensional (3D) nanocarbon hybrids overcome the weakness of individual low-dimensional nanocarbon materials and exhibit unique properties among carbon nanomaterials. Efforts have thus been made to acquire synergistic integration of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) carbon nanomaterials. Meanwhile, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a wide-spread and effective method of fabricating three-dimensional nanocarbon hybrids compared with other synthetic methods. In this case, a number of 3D nanocarbon hybrids are synthesized by using different precursors at diverse temperature, and the nanocarbon hybrids are expected to be a promising choice for various application areas in the future.","PeriodicalId":325236,"journal":{"name":"Hybrid Nanomaterials - Flexible Electronics Materials","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127661984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}