International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research最新文献_第9页

Promoting research for undergraduates of medicine in India – A critical necessity 促进印度医学本科生的研究——至关重要

International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_100_20

N. Ananthakrishnan

引用次数: 2

A prospective cohort study on closed-circuit television monitoring and direct observation for hand hygiene compliance in a pediatric intensive care unit 儿童重症监护室手部卫生依从性闭路电视监测和直接观察的前瞻性队列研究

International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_21_19

Lohiya Balkisanji, P. Satheesh, R. Rameshkumar, P. Jain, V. Jayaseelan, S. Mahadevan

{"title":"A prospective cohort study on closed-circuit television monitoring and direct observation for hand hygiene compliance in a pediatric intensive care unit","authors":"Lohiya Balkisanji, P. Satheesh, R. Rameshkumar, P. Jain, V. Jayaseelan, S. Mahadevan","doi":"10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_21_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_21_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Intensive care patients are at risk for healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs), and hand hygiene (HH) compliance in health-care workers (HCWs) is reportedly low. This study aimed to compare closed-circuit television (CCTV) monitoring to direct observation on the HH compliance and its impact on HCAIs. Methods: In a prospective cohort study, HCWs were observed for HH compliance and HCAIs were studied. The study period was August 1, 2014–December 31, 2014 (direct observation period), and March 1, 2015–July 31, 2015 (CCTV monitoring period), with 2 months washout period. A HH education module (running a video daily, reinforcement of HH everyday evening, 2-weekly classes about HH importance, and posters reinforcing the importance of HH on the prominent sites of pediatric intensive care unit) was implemented in both periods. Each day was divided into blocks of 6-h. One hour from each block was randomly selected stratified by day and night shifts. HH compliance was observed according to the World Health Organization, “My Five Moments of HH.” Results: A total of 751 patients (direct observation period n = 369, CCTV monitoring period n = 382) were admitted. The HH compliance rate was higher in the CCTV monitoring period (56.6%, n = 5953 / 10519) as compared to that of the direct observation period (36.1%, n = 2178 / 6028) (relative risk = 1.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.51 - 1.63, P ≤ 0.001). Ventilator-associated pneumonia (4.7 vs. 12 / 1000 ventilation-day) and central line-associated bloodstream infection (1.9 vs. 6.6 / 1000 central line-day) were lower in the CCTV monitoring period. There was no difference in mortality between the study periods (18.3%, n = 70 / 382 vs. 21.1%, n = 78 / 369, relative risk = 0.87, 95% confidence interval: 0.65–1.16, P = 0.333). Conclusion: CCTV monitoring was associated with improved HH compliance, which was associated with lower HCAIs.","PeriodicalId":32355,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"9 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46608183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and patterns of psychological and physical violence among nurses in a public tertiary health facility in Enugu, southeast Nigeria 尼日利亚东南部埃努古公立三级卫生机构护士中心理和身体暴力的流行率和模式

International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_143_19

S. Arinze-Onyia, O. Agwu-Umahi, A. Chinawa, A. Ndu, T. Okwor, Kassy Chukukasi, I. Ogugua, E. Aguwa, A. Theodore

{"title":"Prevalence and patterns of psychological and physical violence among nurses in a public tertiary health facility in Enugu, southeast Nigeria","authors":"S. Arinze-Onyia, O. Agwu-Umahi, A. Chinawa, A. Ndu, T. Okwor, Kassy Chukukasi, I. Ogugua, E. Aguwa, A. Theodore","doi":"10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_143_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_143_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Workplace violence (WPV) is a significant and persistent occupational health hazard and constitutes a major concern for employers and employees. While there is increasing evidence on the prevalence of WPV in the health-care settings, nurses have been shown to be disproportionately affected. Although widely researched globally, there is scarcity of data on this phenomenon in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of physical and psychological violence among nurses in a tertiary health institution. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study using a questionnaire adapted from WPV in the Health Sector Country Case Study Questionnaire. This study was carried out among nurses at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. Proportionate sampling method was used to select 301 respondents. Results: Majority (219, 72.2%) of the participants were aged above 35 years, were female (283, 94%) and were married (249, 82.7%). About half (152, 50.5%) of the respondents had spent 10 years or more in practice. Verbal abuse was the most prevalent form of psychological violence experienced (129, 42.9%) followed by bullying/mobbing (21, 7.0%) while sexual abuse was reported by a few (7, 2.3%). Physical violence, on the other hand, was experienced by 46 (15.3%). Majority of the physical violence was carried out with a weapon (39, 84.8%) and in most of the cases the attacker was patient's relative (35, 76%). Patients' relatives were mostly responsible for the verbal abuse (78, 60.5%) and bullying (10, 47.6%) while sexual assault was mostly carried out by a coworker (4, 57.1%). Conclusion: Psychological violence was commonly experienced by nurses in Enugu and physical violence was often carried out with a weapon. Policies should put in place to ensure safety of nurses.","PeriodicalId":32355,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"15 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49334651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Human papillomavirus vaccination: An important tool in cervical cancer elimination 人乳头瘤病毒疫苗:消除宫颈癌的重要工具

International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_56_20

Veena Pampapati, Arpitha Anantharaju

{"title":"Human papillomavirus vaccination: An important tool in cervical cancer elimination","authors":"Veena Pampapati, Arpitha Anantharaju","doi":"10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_56_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_56_20","url":null,"abstract":"The World Health Organization (WHO) has called for global elimination of cervical cancer, which essentially means achieving age-standardized incidence rates of <4/100,000 women worldwide, so that it ceases to be a public health issue. Vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV), screening for cervical cancer, and the treatment of precancerous lesions are effective tools for achieving this goal. HPV vaccination is recommended as a primary prevention measure in young girls before their sexual debut, and screening for cervical cancer is recommended for sexually active women. Three types of HPV vaccines are available-bivalent, quadrivalent, and 9-valent vaccines. Standard dosing recommended is the 3-dose regimen, whereas, in young girls between 9 and 15 years, 2-dose schedule is found to be as immunogenic as the 3-dose schedule. Countries like Australia have implemented vaccination using the quadrivalent HPV vaccine, and a large impact on HPV-related disease has been noted in Australia. Screening for cervical cancer can be done by cervical cytology, visual inspection after application of acetic acid (VIA), or HPV DNA testing. Low-cost screening techniques like VIA are useful in our country for large scale screening. Challenges in achieving elimination of cervical cancer are manifold and include vaccine manufacture and delivery, vaccine hesitancy, setting up of cervical screening and effective treatment of precursors, and, most importantly, availability of resources to fund screening and vaccination to a huge population. In developing countries like ours, the WHO goal can be achieved only by the commitment of state and central governments and nongovernment organizations.","PeriodicalId":32355,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"3 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47597932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arrack shops as probable hot spots of tuberculosis transmission in urban Puducherry, South India: An exploratory study Arrack商店可能是南印度普杜切里城市结核病传播的热点：一项探索性研究

International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_123_19

Sara Singh, Mahalakshmy Thulasingam, D. Giriyappa, James T. Devasia, S. Sarkar

{"title":"Arrack shops as probable hot spots of tuberculosis transmission in urban Puducherry, South India: An exploratory study","authors":"Sara Singh, Mahalakshmy Thulasingam, D. Giriyappa, James T. Devasia, S. Sarkar","doi":"10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_123_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_123_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alcohol use is common among male tuberculosis (TB) patients of Puducherry, particularly from lower socioeconomic strata who consume liquor from local arrack shops. These shops could be hot spots for the transmission of infection. Hence, this study aimed to explore whether arrack shops could be probable hot spots for the transmission of infection. Materials and Methods: An exploratory, descriptive study was conducted at three primary health-care centers in Puducherry, among male pulmonary TB patients using a pretested semistructured questionnaire. Home visits and visit to the arrack shop were made to assess for factors conducive to the transmission of TB. Results: Most of the patients belonged to lower socioeconomic status and consumed alcohol, mostly from arrack shops. The arrack shops had poor sanitation, were overcrowded, and multiple persons with TB visited the shop. Many had the behavior of spending more than an hour at the arrack shops. Conclusion: There is a possibility of TB transmission of at the arrack shops. Active case finding in the arrack shop may be beneficial.","PeriodicalId":32355,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"23 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44152652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of skin closure technique with stapler and subcuticular suture in patients with inguinal hernia undergoing lichtenstein tension-free mesh repair – An open-label randomized controlled trial 吻合器缝合技术与皮下缝合技术在腹股沟疝行利希滕斯坦无张力补片修补术中的比较——一项开放标签随机对照试验

International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_27_20

S. Sureshkumar, Datta Souraja, Elangovan Archana, Sahla Sathar, T. Mahalakshmy, C. Palanivel, V. Kate

{"title":"Comparison of skin closure technique with stapler and subcuticular suture in patients with inguinal hernia undergoing lichtenstein tension-free mesh repair – An open-label randomized controlled trial","authors":"S. Sureshkumar, Datta Souraja, Elangovan Archana, Sahla Sathar, T. Mahalakshmy, C. Palanivel, V. Kate","doi":"10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_27_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_27_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Both subcuticular suturing and stapler closure are used for skin closure. However, the superiority of one over the other is yet to be established clearly. Aims: This study compares the efficacy of skin closure technique by stapler and subcuticular suture in patients undergoing Lichtenstein repair for inguinal hernia. Methods: Elective inguinal hernia repair patients were randomized to undergo skin closure using either subcuticular sutures or staplers. Skin closure time in minutes, postoperative wound site pain using the Visual Analog Scale, wound cosmesis and scar outcome using the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale, and patient satisfaction using the Likert scale were assessed. Results: A total of 38 patients with inguinal hernia were included: 20 in subcuticular suture group and 18 in stapler group. The scar outcomes assessed by patients (3.05 ± 1.83 vs. 4.94 ± 2.54; P = 0.0013) and observers (2.83 ± 0.98 vs. 4.44 ± 1.67; P = 0.0105) were significantly better in the subcuticular group. The time taken for skin closure was significantly longer in the suture group (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative wound pain (P = 0.65), patient satisfaction (P = 0.238), and outcome of wound healing (P = 0.900). Conclusion: The cosmetic outcome of skin closure with subcuticular suture was better. Time taken for skin closure using staplers was shorter compared to suturing. Postoperative wound pain, patient satisfaction, and wound healing were similar between the two groups.","PeriodicalId":32355,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research","volume":"7 1","pages":"27 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46518862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nerve conduction study as a diagnostic tool in atypical presentation of accidental organophosphorus poisoning 神经传导研究作为意外有机磷中毒非典型表现的诊断工具

International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_125_19

S. Wakode, N. Wakode, S. Bose

引用次数: 0

Coexistence of metaplastic carcinoma of the breast with tuberculous axillary lymphadenopathy: A rare occurrence 乳腺化生癌与结核性腋窝淋巴结病共存:罕见

International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_140_20

R. Vishnu, B. Gurushankari, K. Balamourougan, T. Elamurugan, S. Sureshkumar, R. Muthukumarassamy, D. Mohapatra, D. Basu, V. Kate

引用次数: 0

Typhoid fever: Is the past the future of the present? 伤寒：过去是现在的未来吗？

International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/IJAMR.IJAMR_132_19

T. Kadhiravan

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence in health care: Have We Made the transition from fiction to reality? 医疗保健领域的人工智能:我们是否已经完成了从虚构到现实的过渡?

International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/IJAMR.IJAMR_44_19

Amit Solanki, Karanpreet Nahar, Hanuman Meena

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in health care: Have We Made the transition from fiction to reality?","authors":"Amit Solanki, Karanpreet Nahar, Hanuman Meena","doi":"10.4103/IJAMR.IJAMR_44_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJAMR.IJAMR_44_19","url":null,"abstract":"“Man’s reach exceeds his grasp,” a familiar phrase been put to test more often in contemporary world than in the previous. With the advent of modern computational sciences, humans have empowered machines with intimidating intelligence, so much so that the science fictions of yesterdays are palpable realities of present times. Smart homes and office spaces are equipped with devices that could run and function with precision and without human intervention. All this has been made possible by technologies that make use of digitized data, cloud storage, and artificial intelligence (AI). While digitized data and cloud computing have been talked about for a long time, AI surfaced to prominence recently with advent of deep neural networking (DNN) algorithms. The researcher trio of Yoshua Bengio, Geoff Hinton, and Yann LeCun developed the fundamentals of deep learning and neural networking for speech recognition and machine vision. They were awarded the 2018 Turing award, recognized as the “Nobel prize of computing” substantiating the importance of this technology in today’s world.[1]","PeriodicalId":32355,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"39 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45948781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0