Mood Prep 101Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0012
C. Landau
{"title":"Transforming Malignant Perfectionism and Encouraging Flexibility","authors":"C. Landau","doi":"10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"People with perfectionism are vulnerable to depression. If a student believes they must be perfect and has a harsh, ruminating type of self-criticism, they will develop a negative mood. This chapter centers on a perfectionistic teen and how cognitive behavior therapy was used to help her and her parents. Perfectionism also leads to procrastination, and both can create major problems in college. There are two types of perfectionism, maladaptive and adaptive. Adaptive perfectionism involves keeping high standards but having less pressure, self-criticism, and rigid rules. The concept of the growth mindset is introduced, with the goal of seeing education as an opportunity rather than an all-or-none road to individual success.","PeriodicalId":322625,"journal":{"name":"Mood Prep 101","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123386305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mood Prep 101Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0002
C. Landau
{"title":"Adolescent Development","authors":"C. Landau","doi":"10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents an overview of adolescent development, reviews the history of psychological approaches to adolescence, and examines some of the myths about adolescence. Contrary to the myths, most young people do want to communicate with their parents, and it is possible to set limits in this digital age. Styles of parenting—authoritarian, authoritative, and indulgent—are examined with respect to setting limits. Puberty is but one factor in the totality of adolescent development. There is variability in development, based on gender, culture, and socioeconomic status. Boys’ and young men’s limitations in emotional expression and communication problems and young women’s body dissatisfaction are discussed as barriers to healthy development.","PeriodicalId":322625,"journal":{"name":"Mood Prep 101","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133965713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mood Prep 101Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0009
C. Landau
{"title":"Social Power","authors":"C. Landau","doi":"10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"Social forces affect all of us in positive and negative ways, and adolescents and emerging adults are especially sensitive to them. Positive social support forces include close relationships with family members and friends. Social isolation is a risk factor for depression. The power of the media is examined through a study that was done in Fiji with young women before and after the introduction of television. The role of social media and its negative impact on the mood of teenagers and young adults is documented, yet one reason it may be difficult to limit social media in students is that parents are over-involved in digital media as well. A final set of negative social forces are bullying, cyberbullying, body shaming, and harassment of people who are different from the perceived norm. Included in the chapter are strategies for limiting social media and responding to bullying.","PeriodicalId":322625,"journal":{"name":"Mood Prep 101","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121927340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mood Prep 101Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0008
C. Landau
{"title":"Distress Tolerance, Distraction, and Mindfulness Matters","authors":"C. Landau","doi":"10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reviews distress tolerance and strategies for developing them in students. Distress tolerance skills were developed in dialectical behavior therapy, particularly relevant to students who have great amounts of difficulty modulating negative emotions. Although parents may be tempted to jump in with problem-solving for their teens, a better approach is to assist teens in developing the ability to tolerate distress. Modeling distress tolerance is one strategy, as is incorporating mindfulness into the family. Meditation is also discussed as a possibility for detaching from negative emotions. Exercises for breathing, meditation, mindful observation, and muscle relaxation are included. A case is discussed––an overwhelmed student whose parents consistently protected her from distress; subsequently, she self-medicated with marijuana and alcohol.","PeriodicalId":322625,"journal":{"name":"Mood Prep 101","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124880002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mood Prep 101Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0004
C. Landau
{"title":"Communication Skills","authors":"C. Landau","doi":"10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter is an in-depth exploration of communication between parents and teens. This foundation becomes important when difficult topics like depression, substance use, or family conflict need to be discussed. Communication strategies, including open-ended questioning, validation, empathy, and optimal timing, are detailed. The chapter illustrates why lecturing and immediate problem-solving are not helpful. Assertive communication within the family is discussed as well as cultural barriers to effective communication. The skills of motivational interviewing are applied to parent–child interactions about decisions. The family dinner is examined as an opportunity for shared communication and connection. Divorce is seen as a severe breakdown in communication, with 25–30% of children suffering negative effects. Arizona State University’s New Beginning Program for parents going through a divorce is presented as a proactive model that has reduced psychological problems in children and emerging adults.","PeriodicalId":322625,"journal":{"name":"Mood Prep 101","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133614818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mood Prep 101Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0006
C. Landau
{"title":"Self-Regulation","authors":"C. Landau","doi":"10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter, on self-regulation, covers student sleep issues, nutrition, and physical activity. Most students in both high school and college are sleep deprived, and this can be a major disruptor of mood. Stress, school schedules, and too much screen time have disrupted sleep. The typical American diet with fast food, high sugar, fat, and additives has been a factor implicated in the development of depression. Americans get much less physical activity than is recommended for optimal health. This is unfortunate, because physical activity both helps prevent and has been shown to be a treatment for mild and moderate depression. Teaching and modeling self-regulation will help students as they go away to college. The relative lack of structure in college requires greater independence. Female body dissatisfaction, which can lead to self-criticism and distorted eating patterns, is identified as a major force of dysregulation, and suggestions are made for promoting body-positive attitude and behaviors.","PeriodicalId":322625,"journal":{"name":"Mood Prep 101","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127357693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mood Prep 101Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0017
C. Landau
{"title":"Getting Help on Campus","authors":"C. Landau","doi":"10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0017","url":null,"abstract":"If a student is suffering from depression or anxiety, going to the counseling center is the best plan of action. Staff there are usually able to see students on a short term basis and refer them to a psychotherapist and psychiatrist if necessary. Availability can vary by the college’s resources, however. There are many other sources of support on campus including resident advisers, student support groups, deans, college chaplains, and faculty mentors. There are also specific services for victims of sexual assault. The process of getting help is revealed by the story of a young woman returning from the semester abroad and her challenges reintegrating into the college campus. Issues of confidentiality and family involvement are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":322625,"journal":{"name":"Mood Prep 101","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123371928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mood Prep 101Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0018
C. Landau
{"title":"Is Taking Time Off from College a Good Idea?","authors":"C. Landau","doi":"10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0018","url":null,"abstract":"Is it a good idea to take time off from college? Or take time off before college? This question is examined in depth in this chapter. Two types of taking time off are a medical leave of absence or taking a gap year before college. A process is described of how to communicate about and understand college policies on taking time off. The advantages of a gap year are also described. A case of a minority student who wanted to and did take time off is discussed. He wasn’t sure what to do and needed to arrange productive activities and therapy while he was away, as well as consider how he would communicate with family and friends about his decision. The chapter ends with suggestions for how to best plan for a student taking time off from college.","PeriodicalId":322625,"journal":{"name":"Mood Prep 101","volume":"657 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122962379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mood Prep 101Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0005
C. Landau
{"title":"“I Got This!”","authors":"C. Landau","doi":"10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the role of self-efficacy and confidence as foundations for student success and well-being. Based on the work of Albert Bandura and social learning theory, the goal is for individuals to feel that they are able to identify and solve problems on their own. Low self-efficacy can lead to depression because a lack of control causes disappointment and pessimism. Academic self-efficacy is identified as one of the factors that is necessary for a positive college experience. A case of a student with limited social self-efficacy is examined, with suggestions of how parents can help, including how to give accurate and optimistic feedback based on strengths and weaknesses. There is also a section on how bias and stereotyping undercut the feeling of self-efficacy and how parents can encourage their teens to push back and not internalize these prejudices.","PeriodicalId":322625,"journal":{"name":"Mood Prep 101","volume":"251 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114246284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mood Prep 101Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0007
C. Landau
{"title":"Healthy Boundaries","authors":"C. Landau","doi":"10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190914301.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter present ways parents can communicate about risk-taking behaviors. Underage drinking and the increased use of marijuana and e-cigarettes are identified as dangers. The marketing of e-cigarettes to young people and the legalization of marijuana present challenges. The current substances available to students are detailed. Parent–student communication continues to be important for students leaving home and creating patterns of their own. Parents’ values and behavior are predictors of teens’ use of substances. There is an association between underage drinking and chronic marijuana use and depression. Teenagers who are sensation-seeking present a difficult challenge for parents. Also important are conversations about respect and safety in sexual relationships. Parental monitoring, limit-setting, and ongoing communication can help prevent risk-taking behaviors. The need for students to develop refusal skills and the importance of establishing house rules and consequences are described.","PeriodicalId":322625,"journal":{"name":"Mood Prep 101","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123835796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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