The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore最新文献_第3页

Molecular confirmation of natural hybridisation between Melastoma sanguineum and M. malabathricum (Melastomataceae) 褐花蓟马与褐花蓟马自然杂交的分子鉴定

The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore Pub Date : 2020-06-19 DOI: 10.26492/gbs72(1).2020-07

W. Ng, G. Huang, W. Wu, Q. Zhou, Y. Liu, R. Zhou

{"title":"Molecular confirmation of natural hybridisation between Melastoma sanguineum and M. malabathricum (Melastomataceae)","authors":"W. Ng, G. Huang, W. Wu, Q. Zhou, Y. Liu, R. Zhou","doi":"10.26492/gbs72(1).2020-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs72(1).2020-07","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Melastoma (Melastomataceae) is known to have undergone rapid species radiation, and natural hybridisation has been observed to happen whenever two or more species co-occur. Many cases of natural hybridisation have been confirmed between Melastoma species in China, but only a few cases have been confirmed in Southeast Asia, which is where the majority of the diversity of the genus occurs, although hybrids have been suspected based on morphological intermediacy. Recently in Peninsular Malaysia, we observed co-occurring populations of Melastoma sanguineum Sims and M. malabathricum L., two of the most widely distributed species of Melastoma L. Many individuals with intermediate morphologies were also at the site. In this study, we used DNA sequence data of three partial nuclear genes and one chloroplast locus to determine the identity of the intermediate individuals. We found that the chloroplast haplotypes could be grouped by similarity to clusters corresponding to the two species, and the same individuals shared nuclear alleles from both clusters. Our findings revealed that, (1) the morphologically intermediate individuals are indeed hybrids of Melastoma sanguineum and M. malabathricum; (2) both F1 hybrids and further hybrid generations are present; (3) both species can act as pollen donor.","PeriodicalId":321970,"journal":{"name":"The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127916268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Four new records of Celastraceae for Brunei 标题文莱芹苔科四新记录

The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore Pub Date : 2020-06-19 DOI: 10.26492/gbs72(1).2020-06

I. Savinov

引用次数: 0

Progress on Southeast Asia’s Flora projects 东南亚植物项目的进展

The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-02

D. Middleton, K. Armstrong, Y. Baba, H. Balslev, K. Chayamarit, R. Chung, B. Conn, E. Fernando, K. Fujikawa, Ruth Kiew, H. T. Luu, M. M. Aung, M. Newman, S. Tagane, N. Tanaka, D. Thomas, T. B. Tran, T. Utteridge, P. Welzen, D. Widyatmoko, T. Yahara, K. Wong

{"title":"Progress on Southeast Asia’s Flora projects","authors":"D. Middleton, K. Armstrong, Y. Baba, H. Balslev, K. Chayamarit, R. Chung, B. Conn, E. Fernando, K. Fujikawa, Ruth Kiew, H. T. Luu, M. M. Aung, M. Newman, S. Tagane, N. Tanaka, D. Thomas, T. B. Tran, T. Utteridge, P. Welzen, D. Widyatmoko, T. Yahara, K. Wong","doi":"10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-02","url":null,"abstract":"Southeast Asia (Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Timor Leste, the Philippines and Papua New Guinea) is a region of high plant diversity with an estimated 50,000 flowering plant species. Estimates of plant diversity in the region continue to grow as large numbers of new species are described even though there have been suggestions that there are few new species to be Gard. Bull. Singapore 71 (2) 2019 268 found in some parts of Southeast Asia. It is likely that most estimates of species numbers in the countries of Southeast Asia are too low due to the lack of taxonomic work on groups which have many locally endemic species. Differing collecting densities across the region can profoundly affect our understanding of plant diversity and lead to large underestimates of species diversity in poorly collected countries and regions. Progress on each of the major Flora projects in Southeast Asia, Flora of Thailand, the Flora of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam/Flore du Cambodge, du Laos et du Viêtnam, Flora Malesiana, Flora of Peninsular Malaysia, Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak, Flora of Singapore and Flora of Vietnam, along with floristic research in Myanmar, the only country not covered by at least one of these Flora projects, is discussed. In addition to the formal Flora projects, there is much floristic activity occurring in the countries otherwise covered by transnational Floras.","PeriodicalId":321970,"journal":{"name":"The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore","volume":"2018 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125002128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 45

Quantitative ethnobotany of palms (Arecaceae) in New Guinea 新几内亚棕榈(槟榔科)的数量民族植物学

The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-03

Z. Dennehy, R. Cámara‐Leret

{"title":"Quantitative ethnobotany of palms (Arecaceae) in New Guinea","authors":"Z. Dennehy, R. Cámara‐Leret","doi":"10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-03","url":null,"abstract":"We conducted a bibliographic review of palm use in New Guinea to quantify palm-utilisation patterns across the region’s habitats, countries, and indigenous groups, and to identify the most useful species. We reviewed 187 bibliographic references and 140 herbarium specimens, spanning the years 1885–2018. We found 1178 use-reports and 894 palm-uses for 119 palm species. Lowland tropical rainforest is the best-studied habitat, and Indonesian New Guinea and Papua New Guinea have each received similar research effort. Most palms are used for Utensils and tools, Construction and Human food, and the stem, leaf and fruit are the most utilised palm parts. Only 5% of New Guinea’s indigenous groups have been studied, and <10 use-reports are recorded for most of the indigenous groups studied. Important species included Actinorhytis calapparia H.Wendl. & Drude, Adonidia maturbongsii W.J.Baker & Heatubun, Areca catechu L., Areca macrocalyx Zipp. ex Blume, and Metroxylon sagu Rottb. Overall, our study highlights the importance of palms for fulfilling subsistence needs in New Guinea, indicates that palm ethnobotany is neglected in the world’s most bioculturally diverse island, and gives directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":321970,"journal":{"name":"The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123034235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Information content for biological classifications 生物分类的信息内容

The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-04

T. Stuessy

{"title":"Information content for biological classifications","authors":"T. Stuessy","doi":"10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-04","url":null,"abstract":"Classification is a fundamental activity of the human species. The aim of all forms of classification is to establish a hierarchical structure of information that serves as a reference system to answer specific questions. In biological classification the objective is to store data in a conveniently retrievable fashion, to infer evolutionary relationships, and to predict undocumented characteristics of the included organisms. Different kinds of data have been used to form a basic data matrix from which to construct biological classifications. Dendrograms have been traditionally used to illustrate relationships among taxa, although such two-dimensional diagrams do not capture all relationships from the original data matrix. Controversies have existed on which algorithms are best suited to construct dendrograms. Explicit phyletic (evolutionary), phenetic, and cladistic schools of quantitative classification have each offered methods for doing do, and each has made claims for capturing maximum information. Decisions on which type of data and algorithms to use depend upon the nature of the systematic and evolutionary questions being posed. Important is the need for detailed evolutionary investigations so that inferred relationships can be properly evaluated. Information theory, a separate discipline, is viewed as having high potential to enrich information content of biological classifications.","PeriodicalId":321970,"journal":{"name":"The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131648138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Flora of Singapore precursors, 17: Clarification of some names in the genus Calophyllum as known in Singapore 新加坡前体植物志，17:新加坡已知的Calophyllum属植物名称的澄清

The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-08

W. W. Seah, S.M.X. Hung, K. Chong

引用次数: 1

Ceropegia khasiana (Apocynaceae: Ceropegieae), a new species from Meghalaya, Northeast India 印度东北梅加拉亚邦一新种——麻瓜科麻瓜科麻瓜属

The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-17

M. Murugesan, A. A. Mao, L. Meitei, S. Kambale

引用次数: 1

Two new Zingiber species (Zingiberaceae) from Sorsogon, Philippines 标题菲律宾索索贡姜科姜属二新种

The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-14

R. Docot, K. Gutierrez, R.E.E. Mamalias, N. Espino, A.A.B. Java, C. D. Dineros, E.M.L. Mijares

引用次数: 2

Flora of Singapore precursors, 16: New records and notes on the plant diversity of Singapore 新加坡前体植物志，16:新加坡植物多样性新记录与新注

The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-07

L.M.J. Chen, B. Duyfjes, A. Ibrahim, W. D. Wilde

引用次数: 0

Free radical scavenging effects of the Philippine endemic medicinal plant Alpinia elegans (Zingiberaceae) 菲律宾特有药用植物紫藤对自由基的清除作用

The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore Pub Date : 2019-12-16 DOI: 10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-12

M. Naive, J. A. G. P. Dalisay, E. P. Maglangit, G. C. Cafe, O. Nuñeza

{"title":"Free radical scavenging effects of the Philippine endemic medicinal plant Alpinia elegans (Zingiberaceae)","authors":"M. Naive, J. A. G. P. Dalisay, E. P. Maglangit, G. C. Cafe, O. Nuñeza","doi":"10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-12","url":null,"abstract":"Alpinia elegans (C.Presl) K.Schum. is an endemic Philippine medicinal plant used in the treatment of various conditions such as muscoloskeletal diseases, hemoptysis, headache, migraine, stomach ache, and as an anti-relapse for women. The major phytochemical constituents of the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Alpinia elegans were screened and their antioxidant activity was evaluated using an in vitro 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging (antioxidant) activity assay. Flavonoids, steroids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids, and cyanogenic glycosides were found to be present in the ethanolic leaf extract of Alpinia elegans, while anthraquinone was not detected. High DPPH radical scavenging (antioxidant) activity was observed in the ethanolic leaf extract of Alpinia elegans with a percentage DPPH inhibition of 95.11±1.00 at 500 μg/ml. The present study suggests that the leaf extract is a source of medicinal or pharmaceutical antioxidants. Information derived herein provides a preliminary scientific basis for the existing ethnobotanical knowledge of local communities.","PeriodicalId":321970,"journal":{"name":"The Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128321359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4