{"title":"The Study of Generic Patterns of Mission and Vision Statements of the Universities","authors":"N. Ahmad, Farzana Masroor","doi":"10.47264/IDEA.LASSIJ/4.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/IDEA.LASSIJ/4.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the significance of mission and vision statements (MS and VS) in academia across the world, this study aims at analysing generic patterns of MS and VS of universities from four different countries: two belonging to the native users of English language (UK and US) and the other two from non-native contexts (Pakistan and India). The purpose of the study is to investigate the rhetorical patterns in vision and mission statements to uncover structures used to establish universities’ global outreach and competitiveness in research and teaching. The data was collected from university websites and analysed through genre-based approach of Move Analysis introduced by Swales (2004) and applied on promotional genres by Bhatia (2004). The overall rhetorical structures of vision and Mission statements comprised of three moves with each move realized through further steps. The findings revealed that text of MS and VS provides the information about the university with an intended purpose of attracting the students by declaring the values, aims, obligations and strategic plans alongside establishing the aspects of global outreach and status in education and research as well as enriching the society and facilitating the individuals with the provision of best resources.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132297482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Counter-Terrorism: Push and Pull Factors Impacting Male Youth Involved in Violent Extremism in Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Tehmina Aslam, S. Rizvi, M. A. Aslam","doi":"10.47264/IDEA.LASSIJ/4.1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/IDEA.LASSIJ/4.1.26","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines contribution of societal dogmas and extremist religious ideologies pushing the youth to religious extremism. It asses contribution of people’s persuasion and the state’s coercive measures ranging from law enforcement to physical actions to pull the youth return to peace. The study is qualitative for which interviews are conducted with former militants, their relatives, and friends in Sargodha and Jhang, Pakistan. Four main findings are: First, societal dogmas to devote one’s life for a religious cause motivated the youth to resort to extremism. Second, extremist religious ideologies centred upon jihadism to sacrifice one’s life for a religious cause pushed the youth to terrorism. Third, people’s persuasion especially persuasion by families acted as a major pull factor to bringing the youth back to normal life. Fourth, the state’s coercive hand in enforcement of law and order, security operations, jails and other police actions dissuaded the youth to tread further the path of terrorism. Nonetheless, the pull factors such as societal dogmas and religious ideologies played their role in motivating the youth to terrorism. The pull factors such as people’s persuasion and the state’s coercion outclassed them to assert peace thus preventing them from falling into the abyss of terrorism.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"487 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132162009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Complexities of South African Xenophobia on Nigerian Nationals","authors":"Yusuf Ibrahim, A. Ahmad, Usman Sufyan Duguri","doi":"10.47264/IDEA.LASSIJ/4.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/IDEA.LASSIJ/4.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The Nigerian-South African relationship is couched in the paradigm of intricate interdependence. The elements that brought the two African major powers closer include political, cultural, and economic dimensions. Therefore, any dissimilarity of interest between both countries would ruin their relationship and implicate the whole African Union concept that unites Abuja/Pretoria relations. Over 100 South African companies permeate the Nigerian market in several economic sectors and most are successfully operating in Nigeria. Nigerian companies such as First Bank, among others, are also operating in South Africa. As long as South Africa and Nigeria are both dominant powers in their respective sub-regions, a threat like xenophobia needs to be eradicated and coordinate some effective policies for Africa's development. The study employed a qualitative method and library sources, past literature on different xenophobic trends noted in the journal articles, books, and others, on the South African xenophobia and its implications on Nigeria/South African relationship. The study adopted the frustration-aggression theory and it found that incessant xenophobic attacks on Nigerian nationals and other foreigners in South Africa are based on prejudices. The study went further with suggestion to provide some panacea to the catastrophe of South African xenophobia.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"310 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131935028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultural Diplomacy: A Tool for Pakistan’s Positive Image Internationally","authors":"Areej Syed, Sohail Ahmad, M. Bhutta","doi":"10.47264/IDEA.LASSIJ/3.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/IDEA.LASSIJ/3.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Cultural Diplomacy can most aptly be defined as a course of actions centered on using the interchanging of views, ethics, customs, and other features of a culture. Cultural Diplomacy is employed by the public sector, private sector, and civil society to either accelerate socio-cultural collaboration, fortify the relationship or endorse the state wellbeing. Pakistan has long been suffering from a negative image globally on account of her poor foreign policy and her adversaries’ vile propaganda. Notwithstanding Pakistan is archaeologically, historically, and culturally rich and a thriving country and is home to an assortment of cultures but she could never efficaciously liberate herself from the stigmas attached to her. Cultural Diplomacy is one of the most noteworthy tactics that can pull Pakistan out of this mayhem and restore her image internationally. In this article, the authors delve into exploring the tools of cultural diplomacy, which Pakistan can put into the best utilization to cultivate enhanced perception on the international platform","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123491456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Middle East Dilemma: Pakistan’s Role as Mediator for Conflict Resolution","authors":"Zikriya, N. Khan, A. Salim","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/3.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/3.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The development of International relations together with forces like globalization and technology has brought the world closer to each other. Friendly ties and relations with states create massive challenges during times of conflict. The focus of the paper is on the crisis evolving in the Middle East region and the role of Pakistan in solving those crisis considering relations with its closest allies, political and financial circumstances, and its foreign policy principles. A qualitative research approach with desk analysis technique has been applied to analyse the role of Pakistan as a mediator for the conflict resolution among Middle Eastern countries. The research highlights how the disputes created great problems for Pakistan but it is still striving to resolve conflicts among Middle Eastern countries because maintaining peace and prosperity in the Muslim world has always been a top priority of Pakistan’s foreign policy.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124585116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Women’s Political Empowerment through Local Government in the Patriarchal Society of Pakistan","authors":"N. Ahmad, Abida Bano, Shughla Ashfaq","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/3.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/3.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The democratic local government empowers community members to decide their destiny. However, it bears different meanings for different people in different socio-cultural settings. This study assesses the intended outcome of the local government system, revived by General Pervez Musharraf’s regime in Pakistan since 2001 regarding women’s political empowerment. In the Devolution Plan 2001, the gender quotas of 33% have been reserved for women in all the three tiers of local government at the district level. However, the existing informal institutional forces like socio-cultural and religious practices did not let women to fully participate and achieve the desired political status. Local women’s representatives have not been able to participate meaningfully in the policymaking at the local level. Therefore, this study suggests revising the design of the local government with a focus on eligibility criteria for the candidates. Moreover, to ensure the political empowerment of women, policymakers should focus on other alternatives like women education, political awareness, and monitoring by the civil society and media.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127929126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effects of Militancy and Military Operations on Pashtun Culture and Religion in FATA","authors":"Surat Khan, T. Wazir, A. Khan","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/3.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/3.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Two events in the last five decades proved to be disastrous for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), now part of KP province: the USSR invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 and ‘War on Terror' initiated by the US against militants in Afghanistan in 2001. After the incident of 9/11, FATA became the centre of global terrorism and emerged as the most dangerous place. Taliban’s rule was overthrown in Kabul, and they escaped and found refugees across the eastern border of Afghanistan with Pakistan. This paper aims at studying the emergence of Talibanization in FATA and its impacts on the local culture and religion. Furthermore, the research studies the effects of military operations on FATA’s cultural values and codes of life. Taliban, in FATA, while taking advantage of the local vulnerabilities and the state policy of appeasement, started expanding their roots and networks throughout the country. They conducted attacks on the civilians and security forces particularly when Pakistan joined the US ‘war on terror.’ Both the militancy and the military operations have left deep imprints thus affected the local culture, customs, values, and religious orientations in FATA.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124437292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sinem Derindere Köseoğlu, Khalid Khan, Mahmuna Ifat
{"title":"Relationship between Oil Prices and Economic Growth in GCC Countries","authors":"Sinem Derindere Köseoğlu, Khalid Khan, Mahmuna Ifat","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/3.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/3.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the relations between Oil Prices (OP) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries using the asymmetric causality test for the period of 1996-2018. The results of the standard bootstrap causality test reveal bidirectional causality between the OP and the GDP per capita in Qatar and Saudi Arabia. The results of asymmetric causality tests are different for some countries, which demonstrate the unidirectional causality running from OP+ to GDP+ in Oman and Saudi Arabia. Whereas, the bidirectional causality exists between the GDP- and OP- in Kuwait and Oman and unidirectional causality exists between the OP- and the GDP- per capita in Bahrain, Qatar, and UAE. The results support the Real Business Cycle Theory (RBC Theory), which states that external positive or negative shocks have significant impact on GDP per capita through consumption and investment channels. GCC countries should channelize the huge revenues towards other private sectors, which will create more prospects for the GDP and will provide substitution in case of arising any crisis. In addition, the GCC countries must diversify their economic activities since the OP are quite volatile and uncertain and the revenues of these countries are dependent on the OP to a large extent. Sustainable development can be achieved through a balanced path between government expenditures and future savings.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"422 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132035048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gender Inequality in Education: An Analysis of Socio-Cultural Factors and Impacts on the Economic Development of Malakand","authors":"Umer Daraz, Akhlaq Ahmad, M. Bilal","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/2.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/2.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Women’s education is the most effective channel for reducing the inequalities between men and women and ensuring the maximum participation of women in the developmental process. This study is conducted in Malakand Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Further this Paper explains the socio-cultural reasons of gender inequality in education, and to investigate that how this inequality affects the economic stability. The data is collected through questionnaire from 165 household using cluster random sampling technique. Chi-square test and correlation technique are utilized for the verification of hypotheses which proves that the gender inequality in education is as an endogenous variable and show that it can be explained to a considerable extent by cultural-religious preference, and regional factors. It is concluded from the study that, gender disparity in education reduces human per capita income. The study suggests that to improve human development in the context of per capita production, women’s education must be improved through the elimination of disparity in the text and by relaxing the socio-cultural factors.","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129778588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Teacher’s Attitudes on Academic Achievement of Students in Mathematics","authors":"K. Ullah, S. Badshah, Hina Qamar","doi":"10.47264/idea.lassij/2.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/2.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"This study is conducted to find out the factor related to teacher which may contribute to the students` achievement in mathematics. For this purpose, a sample of 605 students is collected from 14 departments of different educational institutions in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Furthermore, the data is collected from BS, 5th semester except form department of mathematics. Data is analysed through the SPSS version 20. Data is subjected to statistical analysis using various statistical tools including descriptive statistic, t-test for independent sample, odd-ratio and binary logistic regression. Findings reveal that teaching method of the teacher has a significant impact, the value of teacher’s attitude in the class is also highly significant, teacher delivery of lecture in understandable language value shows a significant impact on students achievement in Mathematics and teacher motivated in mathematics learning’s value also shows the high significant result. The value of providing teaching material is also significant. Findings also shows that teachers take interactive class, adopt positive attitude, use understandable language, motivate and provide teaching material contribute to students` academic achievements. ","PeriodicalId":321577,"journal":{"name":"Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116498283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}