Xiangyu Zeng, Lukuan Xing, Youlong Wu, Yuanming Shi
{"title":"Beamforming Design for Integrated Sensing and SWIPT System","authors":"Xiangyu Zeng, Lukuan Xing, Youlong Wu, Yuanming Shi","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977463","url":null,"abstract":"In order to achieve high spectrum utilization, it is necessary to consider the employment of the Integrated Sensing and Communication for the future wireless communication systems. On the other hand, since the radio signal for wireless communication can carry energy at the same time, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) becomes a popular and helpful technology to enhance the energy transmission efficiency. In order to further improve the spectrum efficiency, we propose to design an integrated sensing and SWIPT (iS2WIPT) system, where a base station transmits combined signals to perform downlink multiuser communication, multiuser energy harvesting and radar target sensing simultaneously. We further formulate the problem as designing the transmit beamforming to minimize the beampattern matching error subject to the given total transmit power budget and the quality-of-service (QoS) constraints at all users, i.e., the individual signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) requirements at information users (IUs) and energy harvesting requirements at energy users (EUs). So as to solve the intractable nonconvex problem, we provide a difference-of-convex-functions (DC) representation for the problem and further solve it with global convergence guarantees. Numerical results clearly show that our proposed DC algorithm outperforms the classical semidefinite relaxation algorithm significantly under different situations. What is more, the results show that there is a tradeoff between the radar sensing performance and the QoS requirements of downlink users (both IUs and EUs).","PeriodicalId":320707,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 33rd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125405031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Xu, Hongmin Huang, Yakun Zhao, Ruofan Wang, Lin Lin
{"title":"Prioritized Contention Access Based MAC Protocol for In-Vivo Wireless NanoSensor Networks","authors":"Juan Xu, Hongmin Huang, Yakun Zhao, Ruofan Wang, Lin Lin","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977528","url":null,"abstract":"Terahertz based in-vivo Wireless NanoSensor Networks (iWNSNs) is a new type of NanoSensor Networks which take terahertz wave as its carrier and works in the human body. Multiple nano devices in the network are connected by wireless communication. The propagation characteristics of terahertz wave in-vivo are different from those in free space, and there are more serious molecular absorption noises and path losses. Besides, the nano devices are limited in battery energy, so the existing MAC (Medium Access Control) protocols cannot be directly utilized in the Terahertz based in-vivo Wireless NanoSensor Networks. To investigate the MAC protocol which is suitable for the Terahertz based on iWNSNs Networks, this paper proposes a Prioritized Contention Access Based MAC protocol (PCAB-MAC). Nanosensor nodes access the channel through competition, and a two-way handshake is established to ensure nodes can transmit data undisturbed. Considering that data has different priorities, the PCAB-MAC adopts a policy based on priority, and sets different backoff windows for data of different priorities to ensure priority transmission. The simulation results show that the PCAB-MAC protocol can ensure data transmission without conflict, and has excellent performance in delay and throughput.","PeriodicalId":320707,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 33rd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129771543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"OTFS-FMCW Waveform Design for Low Complexity Joint Sensing and Communication","authors":"Salah Eddine Zegrar, S. Rafique, H. Arslan","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977883","url":null,"abstract":"Joint sensing and communication (JSAC) systems are becoming attractive technologies since they can map the radio environment while performing communication using the same frequency bands. This is achieved by radar signal processing of the received signal that is composed of a known waveform. However, varying the waveform used for JSAC will create a trade-off between throughput and computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a joint orthogonal time-frequency space (OTFS)-frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) waveform design to perform JSAC to achieve high data rates due to OTFS and low-complex simple radar receiver thanks to FMCW. This is done by exploiting the simultaneous locality property of the FMCW in both time-frequency and delay-Doppler domains to orthogonally superimpose OTFS and FMCW, and use them for communication and sensing, respectively. Then, we provide an analysis of the computational complexity of the proposed design. The conducted simulation results demonstrate that the proposed waveform design can achieve accurate low-complexity radar parameters estimation while preserving high data rates.","PeriodicalId":320707,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 33rd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128796306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frame Arrival Timing in LoRaWAN: Capacity Increase With Repeated Transmissions and More Channel Attenuation","authors":"M. Heusse, C. Caillouet, A. Duda","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977660","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers a LoRaWAN cell in which devices access the channel using the unslotted ALOHA protocol. We propose a model of this access method that combines the effects of collisions with channel fading, by which reception may get buried in noise. Unlike the existing models of LoRaWAN,our model takes into account the frame arrival timing: it distinguishes, on the one hand, the interference created by earlier transmissions with respect to the frame of interest, and on the other hand, the interference by the frames arriving later on. From the results of the model, we draw three observations regarding the improvement of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR). First, it puts back under the spotlight the often overlooked fact that repeating frames is always beneficial when the desired PDR is above 60%, even though the extra packet transmissions create more collisions. Second, as soon as the node density becomes notable and collisions have a similar impact on losses as attenuation, adding a smaller spreading factor SF6 modulation into the cell list of transmission parameters allows increasing the coverage range. Third, the model shows that cell capacity sometimes grows with the distance to the gateway or with decreased node transmission power, a trend seldom observed in wireless networks.","PeriodicalId":320707,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 33rd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126880717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"OTFS-Based Massive MIMO with Fractional Delay and Doppler Shift: The URLLC Case","authors":"Junjuan Feng, H. Ngo, M. Matthaiou","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9978028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9978028","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS)-based uplink multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) systems in the ultra-reliable-and-low-latency communication (URLLC) space. The maximum-ratio-combining (MRC) scheme is first applied at the base station (BS) to combine all the received symbols and then the maximum likelihood (ML) decoding metric is employed to decode the intended symbols. To better characterize the system performance, we consider the ideal pulse shape functions at both users and BS side while the effect of fractional delay and Doppler shift (FDDS) is also taken into account. Based on this, we first derive the theoretical refined achievable coding rate under short-packet transmission for both joint and individual decoding at the BS. Subsequently, the corresponding asymptotic results under massive MIMO are presented. Capitalizing on these results, we draw a series of interesting insights: i) when the sampling resolution along the delay domain is not high enough, the achievable coding rate is more accurate than the channel capacity as the performance metric; ii) almost no diversity gain is obtained for the FDDS under the case considered in this paper; iii) the achievable coding rate is agnostic to the users' speed.","PeriodicalId":320707,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 33rd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130456654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Wireless Emulator for Large-Scale IoT Applications","authors":"H. Harada, Hiroko Masaki","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977775","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, to evaluate large-scale IoT applications comprising numerous radio devices, we developed a wireless emulator that can evaluate various radio communication systems in cyberspace, without requiring actual radio devices, in addition to verifying transmission performance in an operation similar to actual operations. Because the wireless emulator can separately and independently operate each radio node by porting software that realizes protocols other than the physical layer on the actual radio device to the emulator, the software can be implemented in the actual radio device as it is after completing the emulation. Furthermore, in the emulator, the topology of the network can be altered freely in cyberspace. Moreover, because the simulation of the physical layer is analyzed independently in the emulator, various applications can be evaluated, regardless of mobile and fixed communications. In this study, the Wi-SUN FAN system was adopted as the evaluation example of the wireless communication system using this emulator, star and tree topologies with Wi-SUN FAN nodes were formed in cyberspace, and transmission characteristics, such as average packet transmission success rate and average delay time, were evaluated. The characteristics were compared with the computer simulation results without actual operations and were consistent.","PeriodicalId":320707,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 33rd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134372214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low-Complexity Self-Interference Cancellation for Frequency Division Duplex in Adjacent Channels","authors":"Ephraim Fuchs, Thomas Handte, S. Brink","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977904","url":null,"abstract":"We consider a frequency division duplex (FDD) scheme in which two wireless communication devices simultaneously transmit and receive on adjacent channels. Inevitable out-of-band (OOB) emissions caused by the transmission on one channel induce self-interference on the adjacent channel. As a result, receiver sensitivity severely degrades by self-interference from the transmitter of the same device. Therefore, we propose a novel self-interference cancellation (SIC) method, that has a lower complexity compared to existing approaches. It comprises digital linear SIC in frequency domain and power amplifier backoff adaption to mitigate both linear and nonlinear components. We further present and evaluate an OOB emission model of a transmitter which is subsequently used to analyze the performance of the proposed SIC method. Our simulation results highlight capabilities and limitations of the proposed SIC method in different scenarios. It turns out that the proposed method can significantly reduce the error vector magnitude of a received signal in FDD operation. Prerequisites of the cancellation method and impact to protocol design are thoroughly discussed.","PeriodicalId":320707,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 33rd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130879727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biao Dong, Guozhen Xu, Xue Fu, Heng Dong, Guan Gui, H. Gačanin, F. Adachi
{"title":"Decentralized Automatic Modulation Classification Method Based on Lightweight Neural Network","authors":"Biao Dong, Guozhen Xu, Xue Fu, Heng Dong, Guan Gui, H. Gačanin, F. Adachi","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9978060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9978060","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the computing capability and memory limitations, it is difficult to apply the traditional deep learning (DL) models to the edge devices (EDs) for realizing automatic modulation classification (AMC). In this paper, a lightweight neural network for decentralized learning-based automatic modulation classification (DecentAMC) method is proposed. Specifically, group convolutional neural network (GCNN) is designed by replacing the standard convolution layer with the group convolution layer, replacing the flatten layer with the global average pooling (GAP) layer and removing part of fully connected layers. DecentAMC method is achieved by the cooperation in which multiple EDs update and upload the model weight to a central device (CD) for model aggregation to avoid the data privacy disclosure. Experimental results show that the proposed GCNN-based DecentAMC method can improve training efficiency to about 4 times and 57 times than that of GCNN-based centralized AMC (CentAMC) and CNN-based DecentAMC respectively. GCNN-based DecentAMC method can effectively reduce the communication cost and save storage of EDs when compared with CNN-based DecentAMC. Meanwhile, the time complexity and the space complexity of GCNN is significantly decreased when compared with CNN and SCNN, which is suitable to be deployed in EDs.","PeriodicalId":320707,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 33rd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131066726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liqin Ding, A. Vilenskiy, Rahul Devassy, M. Coldrey, T. Eriksson, E. Ström
{"title":"Shannon Capacity of LOS MIMO Channels with Uniform Circular Arrays","authors":"Liqin Ding, A. Vilenskiy, Rahul Devassy, M. Coldrey, T. Eriksson, E. Ström","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977586","url":null,"abstract":"The Shannon capacity for the line-of-sight (LOS) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel between two perfectly aligned uniform circular arrays (UCAs) is derived from first principles in a tutorial fashion. It is well known that harmonically related complex exponentials (also known in the literature as orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes) are eigenmodes for the spatially continuous channel. We show that the corresponding eigenvalues can be expressed as Bessel functions of the first kind. We also show that the spatially discrete channel between two UCAs with the same finite number of Hertzian dipole antennas on both sides has eigenmodes that are spatially sampled continuous OAM modes, and discrete eigenvalues that are aliased versions of the continuous eigenvalues. Through numerical solution of Maxwell's equations, we verify that the discrete eigenvalues for UCAs with realistic dipole antennas are the same as with the Hertzian dipoles for the studied geometries (1 km hop distance, UCA radius 1 and 2 m, carrier frequency 70 GHz) as long as antenna spacing is not very dense.","PeriodicalId":320707,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 33rd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133516497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Point Cloud Ray-Launching Simulations of Indoor Multipath Channels at 60 GHz","authors":"Pasi Koivumäki, K. Haneda","doi":"10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9977493","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we present a novel ray-launching (RL) method for field prediction utilizing a laser-scanned point cloud model of the environment. The method takes advantage of the high level of detail found in the point cloud to simulate propagation of rays as they undergo reflection and transmission through local surfaces represented by points of the point cloud. The method is implemented using MATLAB's Parallel Computing Toolbox and its GPU Computing library for straightforward parallelization and acceleration of computations. Indoor multipath channels are simulated at the 60 GHz band and compared to their measured counterparts to study accuracy of the presented method. Up to 6 reflections and 3 transmissions can be simulated in approximately 6 minutes. Utilizing a post-processing step to eliminate propagation paths with near-identical trajectories, an issue seemingly unique to point clouds, the channel is well reproduced in terms of path gains and a relative error of less than 10% for delay spread.","PeriodicalId":320707,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE 33rd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127463486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}