Annals of Clinical Oncology最新文献

{"title":"KRAS Mutation as Predictor Factor in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer","authors":"Flamarique Sonia, A. Gemma, M. Campo, F. Arias, G. David, M. Rodríguez","doi":"10.31487/J.ACO.2019.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.ACO.2019.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Standard treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) includes neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision (TME). The role of KRAS as a biomarker in rectal cancer remains equivocal. We evaluate the Tumor Regression Grade (TRG), Relapse-Free Survival (RFS) and Overall Survival (OS) according to the KRAS oncogene status in LARC.\u0000Material and Method: We evaluated the KRAS status in 23 patients with LARC. Tumor DNA was obtained from pretreatment biopsy tissues. \u0000Results: KRAS mutation was found in 30,4% of the patients. TRG (1-2) after CRT were 56,2% and 42,8%, for wild-type and mutant KRAS groups (p= NS). After a median follow-up of 31 months, there was no difference in RFS (47,7 vs 23,3 months) or OS (51,5 vs 30 months) between wild-type and mutant-type KRAS groups, respectively.\u0000Conclusions: Although KRAS status seems to have slightly better prognosis in LARC, it does not reach significant results (probably due to insufficient sample) in TRG, RFS or OS.","PeriodicalId":320563,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Oncology","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132587645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significance of Body Composition and Systemic Inflammation in Patients with Operable Colon Cancer Treated with Curative Intent","authors":"W. Hong, H. Rouse, M. Moore, W. Hsin","doi":"10.31487/J.ACO.2019.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.ACO.2019.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Muscle abnormalities and systemic inflammation have been associated with cancer progression and poor disease outcomes in patients with colon cancer. These factors are easily evaluated and can potentially be modified to improve outcomes. The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between computed tomography (CT) derived measures of body composition, including low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and low muscle radiodensity (myosteatosis). It will also examine their association with systemic inflammation and determine whether these factors impact hospital length of stay for patients undergoing resection of their primary colorectal cancer.\u0000Methods: This study included 133 patients with stage I to III colon cancers diagnosed from 2011 through 2018 who underwent resection with curative intent. CT scans were used to identify sarcopenia and myosteatosis using predefined sex-specific and body mass index (BMI)-specific thresholds. The primary measure for systemic inflammation was the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Tumour and patient characteristics were recorded. The primary outcome was hospital length of stay. Associations between body composition and systemic inflammation were examined using linear regression analyses, and their relationship with post-surgical length of stay was determined using logistic regression analyses.\u0000Results: A significant proportion of patients were overweight or obese (60.9%). Sarcopenia and myosteatosis were highly prevalent (41.4% and 39.1% respectively). Muscle mass and muscle radiodensity were not significantly correlated with each other. Male sex (p < 0.001) and higher BMI (p < 0.001) were associated with greater muscle mass. Male sex (p = 0.020) was also associated with greater muscle radiodensity but higher BMI (p < 0.001) was associated with lower muscle radiodensity. Inflammation was present in 39.1% of patients. Elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was associated with longer length of stay (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.04-1.61, p = 0.019).\u0000Conclusion: Sarcopenia and myosteatosis were prevalent among colon cancer patients, despite many of them being overweight or obese. Systemic inflammation was associated with prolonged length of stay post-surgery and could potentially be utilised to delineate patients with poorer recovery and who may benefit from additional monitoring or interventions to reduce the length of hospitalisation. These commonly collected markers could enhance prognostication and identify patients with a poorer outcome.","PeriodicalId":320563,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Oncology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132120932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic Profiling for Patients with Solid Tumors: A Single-Institution Experience","authors":"A. Refae, Ali M. Bayer, E. Ibrahim, I. Mansoor, Nasir Saleem, O. A. Almasri, Rafat I. AbuShakra, Wesal M. Eldahna","doi":"10.31487/J.ACO.2019.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.ACO.2019.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Genomic tumor profiling is a novel technique that led to the identification of many genomic alterations in tumor tissues that could be exploited to deliver precise therapy to individual patient. Lack of data from Saudi Arabia about the utilization of that technology and its potential impact on clinical outcome has prompted this study.\u0000Patients and Methods: Tumor tissues from 50 consecutive adult patients with metastatic solid cancer that is refractory to standard of care, were gnomically profiled.\u0000Results: Patients' median age was 56 years, and female constituted 76% of the series. All patients were heavily pretreated, with 52% having either breast, lung cancer, or ovarian cancer. In 88% of patients at least one genetic alteration was detected. Tumor profiling has guided the management decisions in 58%, 87%, and 14% of the overall patient population, breast cancer patients, and lung cancer patients, respectively. Meaningful disease response rates (complete remission, partial remission, and stable disease) were similar among those whose therapy decision was guided by tumor profiling (25 of 29 patients; 86%) and those where the therapy decision was not guided by the genomic findings (25 of 29 patients; 86% vs. 17 of 21 patients; 81%; P = 0.72). On the other hand, the median progression-free survival (PFS) determined from the time of making therapy decision based on the tumor profiling results was significantly longer among those whose management was supported by the findings (12.0 vs. 5.2 months, respectively; the hazard ratio and its 95% CI was 0.32 [0.13-0.81]; P = 0.017). While overall survival difference could not be estimated, the 12-months survival was 64% vs. 53% in the supported and the unsupported groups, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: This preliminary experience demonstrated the feasibility and the clinical benefit of tumor profiling for cancer patients in Saudi Arabia. Tumor profiling is a promising novel technology; however, further research is required to address some of the inherent challenges to achieve the desired benefit.","PeriodicalId":320563,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Oncology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125326896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor of the Adrenal Gland: Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"T. Mahasneh, Ali Al-daghmin, Khloud Al-Qasem, Sayel H. Zraikat, Sohaib Alhamss","doi":"10.31487/J.ACO.2019.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.ACO.2019.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Malignant rhabdoid tumor was first thought to be a subtype of wilm’s tumor, which was later disproven by Haas et al. and was categorized as a separate entity. \u0000Malignant rhabdoid tumors are mainly present in the kidneys of children, however, cases of extra renal malignant rhabdoid tumor were reported in the literature. In this report we describe a case of extra renal malignant rhabdoid tumor in the adrenal gland.\u0000Malignant rhabdoid tumor is a highly aggressive neoplasm with very poor prognosis. Due to the rarity of the disease, no universal treatment regimen has been developed yet, where treatment options include the surgical removal of the tumor, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a multimodality approach of management.\u0000In this report we present a case of 21-year-old lady with MRT in the adrenal gland, who had neoadjuvant radio-chemotherapy followed by laparoscopic adrenalectomy.","PeriodicalId":320563,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132047432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid Biopsy in Early Breast Cancer: A Preliminary Report","authors":"A. Rulli, C. Antognelli, A. Siggillino, V. Talesa, Zayik Svitlana, L. Izzo, D. Messineo, V. Ludovini, P. Covarelli","doi":"10.21203/rs.2.11906/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.2.11906/v1","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Liquid biopsy (LB) is a technique that utilizes circulating biomarkers from cancer patients to\u0000provide information regarding the genetic landscape of the cancer. LB is emerging as an alternative and\u0000complementary diagnostic and prognostic tool to surgical biopsy and is expected to provide the tool for the\u0000implementation of precision oncology in clinical settings. In fact, it may contribute to enhance\u0000understanding of tumor heterogeneity and permitting the dynamic monitoring of treatment responses and\u0000genomic variations. Thus, LB is a promising method for the management of cancer, including breast cancer\u0000(BC), whose incidence in Italy is progressively increasing. Previous studies focused mainly on patients with\u0000advanced-stage BC. In the present study we evaluated the number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), the\u0000quantity of cell free tumor DNA (cftDNA) and the analysis of the mutational profile of DNA from CTCs\u0000(ctcDNA) and cftDNA in early stage BC patients.\u0000Methods: Matched pre- and post-surgery blood samples were collected from 47 early stage BC patients.\u0000CTCs enumeration was done using Isoflux system, molecular profile of ctcDNA and cftDNA was performed\u0000with the Spotlight 59 Panels kit on a MiSeq Illumina instrument.\u0000Results: Eighty percent of samples was CTCs-positive, while healthy controls were all CTCs-negative.\u0000Forty-four patients provided a pre-surgery and 21 post-surgery sample. By comparing the number of CTCs\u0000post-surgery with that of pre-surgery, we found that 66% of patients showed a decreased number of CTCs,\u000014% of patients continued to have the same number of CTCs, while, interestingly, 19% of patients showed\u0000an increased number of CTCs. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of ctcDNA and cftDNA showed that\u000052% of samples had mutations in 9 genes (TP53, CDKN2A, FBXW7, PTPN11, KRAS, NRAS, BRAF,\u0000IDH1, ALK) and in 5 genes (PIK3CA, APC ALK, KRAS, TSC1), respectively, with KRAS and ALK\u0000overlapping and TP53 being the most frequently mutated gene in ctcDNA analysis.\u0000Conclusions: LB could facilitate early detection of minimal residual disease, aiding in the initiation of\u0000adjuvant therapy to prevent recurrence and progression towards metastasis, enhance individualized\u0000treatment and longitudinal screening, thus improving the clinical management and outcome of patients with\u0000early BC.","PeriodicalId":320563,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Oncology","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129174744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Giant Enchondroma Mimicking Sarcoidosis: Report of Case and Review of the Literature","authors":"A. Atik, Koray Ba delio lu, N. Şahin, S. Sargin","doi":"10.31487/J.ACO.2019.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.ACO.2019.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcoidosis of the humerus is exceptionally rare and only a few cases have been reported. In this mini-review, a case of enchondroma in proximal humerus mimicking sarcoidosis and the features of bone involvement of sarcoidosis were reviewed.\u0000A 41-year-old female who was diagnosed with sarcoidosis in 2009 had used corticosteroids for 4 months. She had not any symptoms until 2014. She was admitted the clinic with a 2-month-history of erythema nodosum on her legs and right shoulder pain. Values of laboratory tests were all within normal limits except erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein levels. The mass in the proximal metaphyseal humerus has the characteristic as a medullary lesion which had calcifications in CT sections. MR images that the mass had low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and heterogeneous high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. It had irregular nodular contrast and the mass did not cause the expansion of the bone. Increased activity was observed on scintigraphy. We suspected the mass which was realized incidentally in a patient with sarcoidosis, could be bone sarcoidosis. As a result of our biopsy, it was enchondroma.\u0000Bone neoplasms should be kept in mind in issues like our case report.","PeriodicalId":320563,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Oncology","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115609652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant adrenocortical carcinoma simulating a liver tumor","authors":"A. B. Miled, C. Dziri, H. Jerraya, I. Bouasker, Mohamed Ali, R. Nouira, W. Dougaz","doi":"10.31487/j.aco.2019.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.aco.2019.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor which can reach large sizes if it is nonfunctioning. In\u0000that situation, it can pose diagnosis dilemmas regarding the origin and the nature of the tumor. We reported\u0000a case of non-secreting and large right Adrenocortical carcinoma which arose in the posterior costophrenic\u0000angle mimicking a liver tumor. A 45-year-old man presented with a voluminous abdominal mass in the right\u0000upper quadrant. The different imaging modalities including ultrasound computed tomography and magnetic\u0000resonance imaging were discordant as regards the hepatic or the adrenal origin of the tumor. Percutaneous\u0000biopsy allowed to determine the diagnosis of the cortico-adrenal tumor. The patient underwent laparotomy.\u0000The tumor which arose from the right adrenal gland was resected. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of\u0000adrenocortical carcinoma with histological factors of poor prognosis. The patient was given Mitotane as\u0000adjuvant therapy. After six years of follow-up, a tumor recurrence has been diagnosed.","PeriodicalId":320563,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Oncology","volume":"255 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122643777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mohs Micrographic Surgery Sine Microscopy: Is mass spectrometry an upcoming intraoperative cancer margin assessment tool?","authors":"L. Chan","doi":"10.31487/j.aco.2018.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/j.aco.2018.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"A special kind of skin cancer surgery, named Mohs micrographic surgery (or Mohs surgery), was invented by a University of Wisconsin Otolaryngologist, Dr. Frederick Mohs [1]. The initial Mohs surgery procedure, also called chemosurgery, employed a zinc chloride-containing chemical paste to destroy cancerous tissue layer by layer under microscopic control [1]. The procedure was subsequently modified to the current and well-accepted form, where patients affected by non-melanoma skin cancers of certain facial locations, recurrent skin cancers, or skin cancers with certain aggressive histologic features would be treated by a layered excisional procedure without the pain associated with zinc chloride paste [2]. The current procedure, with the ability to determine cancer margin in an intraoperative fashion, utilizes microscopic examinations of stained frozen sections obtained from an excised layer of orientation-marked skin where the clinical cancer is visually observed, while the patient waits for the result. Microscopic identification of cancer at the margin of excised skin layer will necessitate the return of the patient to the surgical table for addition layer of excision [3]. The process repeats if needed, until all margins are clear of skin cancer, at which point the Mohs surgeon will close the wound defect, commonly utilizing adjacent tissue transfer technique called flap [4].","PeriodicalId":320563,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Oncology","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127036812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemokines are Underestimated in Preventing the Metastasizing and The Immune Elimination of Ovarian Cancer","authors":"R. Torensma, P. Zusterzeel","doi":"10.31487/J.ACO.2019.04.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.ACO.2019.04.04","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays the positive immune involvement in the eradication of tumor cells is assigned to the adaptive\u0000immune response. By awakening of in vivo responding T cells that are suppressed by the tumor and prevents\u0000immunological cure of the cancer. Normally activated T cells are well-ordered by several late occurring\u0000inhibitors to contain the response to the unknown invaders and spare the normal cells. The tumor strengthens\u0000this inhibitory response to escape from immune elimination. Immunotherapy is to unleash the full capacity\u0000of the adaptive immune system by blocking this inhibitor response by monoclonal antibodies but with the\u0000potential drawback of autoimmune phenomena. Cytokines and chemokines became in oblivion after their\u0000suspected necrosis of the tumor (TNF) did not fulfil their initial hope. Ovarian cancer is in most cases\u0000already metastasized to the peritoneum and omentum. Here, we show that on the one hand chemokines\u0000produced by Th2, CD8 and NK cells inhibit cancer spreading and thus leads to a better operability and better\u0000survival. Chemokine receptors are expressed by the tumor that are a decoy by binding chemokines that\u0000normally should attract antigen cross-presenting dendritic cells that start an enforced T cell response to\u0000replace the exhausted T cells","PeriodicalId":320563,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical Oncology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116936264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}