Annals of Punjab Medical College最新文献

{"title":"Transition from Multi-portal to Uni-portal Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Modern Era Requirement","authors":"Javed Mirdad Tarar, Kashif Nadeem, Durre Sadaf Khan, M. Iqbal","doi":"10.29054/APMC/2020.999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29054/APMC/2020.999","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Every passing day brings new innovations to medical science and Thoracic Surgery is no exception to it. We have witnessed gradual evolution in VATS from multiple ports to single port over the last two decades. Objective: To evaluate whether this evolution is worth in terms of minimizing the postoperative complication. Study Design: Prospective randomized observational trial. Settings: Aseer Central Hospital, Abha-Saudi Arabia. Duration: Two years and 6 months from September 15, 2017 to March 15, 2020. Methodology: A total of 68 patients were studied who were operated by same surgical team under identical operative environment. Both diagnostic and therapeutic VATS procedures were included in our study. Histologically proven Bronchogenic Carcinoma resection in order to exclude stage to stage bias. Results: Different variables including Anesthesia and operative times, blood loss and post-operative surgical complications were found to be same in both operative procedures. However, patients with Uni-portal VATS experienced much less pain post operatively, their chest drains were removed earlier and consequently they had shorter hospital stay over all. Conclusion: Uni-portal VATS has similar efficacy and safety as Multi-portal VATS yet it results in faster recovery and shorter hospital stay.","PeriodicalId":319424,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Punjab Medical College","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116207208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Obesity Effects of Aloe Vera Whole Leaf and Sitagliptin in Diabetic Rats","authors":"S. Javaid, A. Waheed","doi":"10.29054/APMC/2020.1023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29054/APMC/2020.1023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aloe Vera, a medicinal herb, has been used for centuries in therapeutics and cosmetology. Objective: To compare Antiobesity effects of Aloe Vera whole leaf with new antidiabetic drug, Sitagliptin on streptozotcin induced diabetic rats. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial. Settings: Department of Pharmacology, Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi in collaboration with NIH, Islamabad, Pakistan. Duration: One year from September 2019 to August 2020. Methodology: Young Sprague Dawley rats, n=40, weighing 220-250 grams were taken and randomly divided into Groups A and B. Group B was fed on high fat diet for two weeks to develop insulin resistance. After induction of diabetes, with low dose streptozotocin, Group B was subdivided into: GroupB1 (Diabetic Control), Group B2 (Aloe Vera whole Leaf treated), Group B3 (Sitagliptin treated). Body weight was measured in all rats every week to assess progress of study, and finally on completion of study (on Day 60). SPSS version 25 was applied for statistical analysis. One-way ANOVA test was used for assessing any difference in the mean values. Post-hoc Turkey analysis was done to compare inter-group mean differences. P value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean body weight of Group A was 235.50g, Group B1 272.00g, B2 249.90g and B3 248.70g respectively. Rats in each of Group B2 and Group B3 had significant reduction in body weight compared to Group B1, with no statistically significant intergroup differences in results of Group B2 and B3. Conclusion: Aloe Vera whole leaf extract significantly decreased body weight with almost similar efficacy to Sitagliptin in diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":319424,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Punjab Medical College","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114959386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Risk of Malignancy Index in the Preoperative Assessment of the Patients with Ovarian Mass","authors":"Humaira Zafar, Mubashra Naz, Umber Fatima, A. Fatima, Attiaya Yasmeen","doi":"10.29054/APMC/2020.835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29054/APMC/2020.835","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adnexal masses indicate a variety of gynecological and non-gynecological disorders, which may be benign or malignant. Early detection of malignancy is crucial to a proper planning of treatment and improvement of survival. Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate predictive value of risk of malignancy index (RMI) in differentiating between benign and malignant ovarian masses preoperatively. Study Design: Cross sectional (Validation) study. Settings: Obstetrics & Gynecology Department of Madinah Teaching Hospital affiliated with University Medical & Dental College Faisalabad Pakistan. Duration: One year from January 2018 to December 2018. Methodology: Total 86 patients were included in the study. Ultrasound was performed then staging laparotomy done followed by histopathological examination. Results: A total of 86 patients were included in the study. Out of which 50 patients (58.1%) were premenopausal and 36 patients (41.9%) were menopausal. The mean age of the patients was 55.79 years. According to histopathological examination of the specimens 44 were malignant and 42 were benign. The sensitivity of the RMI for malignant ovarian tumor is 70.45% and specificity is 69.05%. Conclusion: RMI was considered to have significant importance in preoperative evaluation and treatment of women with an adnexal mass, and was helpful in-patient referral to higher Centre for suitable and effective surgical intervention.","PeriodicalId":319424,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Punjab Medical College","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132924800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Atrophic Mandibular Fractures in Pakistan – Changing Trends with Preference to Extra-Oral Approach","authors":"Kirn Zulfiqar, A. Chatha, Saman Chaudhary","doi":"10.29054/APMC/2020.1117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29054/APMC/2020.1117","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With the ever-increasing incidence of facial trauma in geriatric population, it is very important to improve the care given to these patients. This study has been focused on determining a better approach for management of atrophic mandibular fractures.  Objective: To compare the frequency of complications of extra-oral versus intra-oral approach for the management of atrophic mandible fractures. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Settings: Outdoor patient of department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. Duration: One year, 20th January, 2018 till 20th January, 2019. Methodology: Seventy consecutive patients were included in this study from the OPD of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. All the patients were randomly assorted in the both groups, group A being the intra-oral approach and group B being the extra-oral approach. The outcome was determined on the basis of presence or absence of mal-union or non-union after the fractures were treated. Results: The mean age of cases in extra and intra oral group was 76.54±8.13 years and 73.66± 8.04 years. In extra-oral group, there were 21(60%) male and 14(40%) females and in intra-oral group, there were 25(71/4%) male and 10(28.6%) female cases. In extra –oral group 3(8.6%) cases had complication and in intra-oral group 2(5.7%) cases had complications, the frequency of complication in both groups, p-value >0.05. Among complications in extra-oral group 2(5.7%) cases had non-union and 1(2.9%) had malunion and in intra-oral group 1(2.9%) cases had non-union and malunion each. The frequency of type of complication was statistically same in both group, p-value >0.05.  Conclusion: The incidence of complications is statistically same in both groups. Hence, we encourage the use of extra-oral approach for management of atrophic fractures of mandible.","PeriodicalId":319424,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Punjab Medical College","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133323462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media Contributory Factors and their Prevention","authors":"N. Akhtar, M. Haneef, Asma Naeem","doi":"10.29054/APMC/2020.858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29054/APMC/2020.858","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media has declined in the developed countries because of better health resources and better socioeconomic status of the people, but it still remains a major health problem in developing countries like Pakistan. Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is relatively common among illiterate people having poor socioeconomic status residing in the rural areas. Objective: To identify the contributory factors responsible for chronic suppurative otitis media and to devise strategies to prevent them. Study Design: Cross sectional observational study. Settings: This study was conducted in the department of ENT and Head & Neck surgery allied hospital (FMU) Faisalabad Pakistan. Duration: Two years from September 2016 to August 2018. Methodology: A total of 150 patients with CSOM, both tubotympanic and atticoantral types, were included. The patients of either gender with CSOM, both tubotympanic and atticoantral types, ranging from 03 to 64 years and giving consent for any surgical intervention if required were included in the study. Patients below 03years and above 64 years, having acute suppurative otitis media with complication, and patients not willing for any surgical intervention were excluded from the study. Results: Out of 150 patients of the study 60% patients were males and 40% were females with male : female ratio of 1.5 : 1. The age range was found to be 3-64 years with mean age of 28.9 years. Socioeconomic status showed that 62.8% patients with CSOM belonged to poor class (tubotympanic-46.8% & atticoantral -16%), 23.9% patients had middle class (tubotympanic-16.6% & atticoantral-7.3%) and 13.3% patients belonged to upper class (tubotympanic - 11.3% & atticoantral – 2%). 84 patients (56%) were under matric (tubotympanic-42% & atticoantral – 14%). 57.2% patients were rural residents and 42.8% patients were urban residents in case of tubotypmpanic type of CSOM while 55.2% patients were rural and 44.8% patients were urban in case of atticoantral type of CSOM. SPSS software version 10 was used to analyse the data. Chi square test was applied for analysis. Tubotympanic type of CSOM cases were treated conservatively along with surgical treatment where indicated. All cases of atticoantral type of CSOM were treated by surgery. Conclusion: CSOM is still an important public health problem in developing countries like Pakistan due to poverty, illiteracy, malnutrition, lack of health education and people living in substandard & rural areas. It is the need of the hour that health education programs should be organized to raise the awareness about the disease among the people.","PeriodicalId":319424,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Punjab Medical College","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125547250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of 17 Beta Estradiol in Etiology of Premenstrual Syndrome in Medical Students","authors":"S. Saeed, M. Saeed, Aysha Azhar, A. Saeed","doi":"10.29054/apmc/2020.744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29054/apmc/2020.744","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To calculate the incidence of PMS (premenstrual syndrome) in young medical female students. To check relation of serum 17β estradiol with affective symptoms of PMS. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Settings: The Department of Biochemistry, The University of Faisalabad (TUF). Duration: 3 months from September 2017 to November 2017. Methodology: The study groups included 50 controls and 31 patients of the age group 18-28 years. Their symptoms of PMS were noted by questionnaire. Blood sampling of participants was performed in luteal phase of cycle. Serum 17β estradiol was estimated with the help of ELISA. Results: The T-test was used to consider a comparison between the affective symptoms of PMS in patients and controls and for comparison of estradiol between the both groups. While comparing estradiol between the both groups, P value is non-significant. For the symptoms of PMS, P value was significant between patients and control group. Conclusion: It suggests that the fluctuations in serum estradiol level are not the only cause of affective symptoms of PMS in this study. There may be other factors responsible for the symptoms in selected subjects such as life style, dietary habits or genetics.","PeriodicalId":319424,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Punjab Medical College","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121889556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometrial Hyperplasia in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients Having Raised Endometrial Thickness","authors":"S. Farooq, F. Memon, F. Khan, Urooj Naz, A. Hira, A. A. Jabbar","doi":"10.29054/APMC/2020.769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29054/APMC/2020.769","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the frequency of endometrial hyperplasia in polycystic ovarian syndrome patients having raised endometrial thickness at tertiary care Hospital. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Settings: Study was conducted at obstetrics and gynaecology department of Dow University Hospital Karachi Pakistan. Duration: Six months from November 2015 to May 2016. Methodology: Both primary and secondary infertile women having polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) with raised endometrial thickness, age between 18-45 years and willing to participate in the study were included. Patients were evaluated during first week in follicular phase. For evaluating endometrial thickness (ET) of patients, endometrial biopsy and transvaginal sonography were done. Endometrial tissues were taken from patients and were sent to diagnostic laboratory for histopathology and endometrial hyperplasia assessment. All the data was recorded in self-made proforma and analysed by SPSS version 20. Results: Total 90 patients were studied; their mean age was 28.6+4.56 years, with mean duration of infertility as 5.15+1.4 years. Endometrial hyperplasia among patients of polycystic ovarian syndrome was 31.1%. Age >29 years, infertility >5 years, diabetes and smoking were significantly associated with endometrial hyperplasia, (P=0.001). There was no significant impact of BMI, parity and hypertension on frequency of endometrial hyperplasia; p-values were quite insignificant. Conclusion: In the polycystic ovarian experiencing women with raised endometrial thickness, the endometrial hyperplasia was 31.1%. Elevated age, prolonged duration of infertility, diabetes and smoking may be risk factors of endometrial hyperplasia.","PeriodicalId":319424,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Punjab Medical College","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130674008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Pneumatic Retinopexy in Selected Cases of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment","authors":"Ejaz Ahmad Javed, H. Subhani","doi":"10.29054/apmc/2020.861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29054/apmc/2020.861","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the final anatomical success (Retinal attachment) after pneumatic retinopexy in patients having rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with superior breaks. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Settings: Ophthalmology Department Allied Hospital (Faisalabad Medical University) Faisalabad Pakistan. Duration: Two years & 6 moths from January 2016 to June 2018. Methodology: This study was done on 78 diagnosed cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with superior breaks.  These cases underwent Pneumatic Retinopexy (PR) by injecting 0.5ml of SF6 in the vitreous cavity and Cryopexy to the break in the same setting followed by proper positioning. Final anatomical success (Retinal attachment) after pneumatic retinopexy in patients having rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with superior breaks was recorded in 69 patients (88.5%). Results: Pneumatic Retinopexy showed 88.5% success in selected cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and 11.5% failure after this procedure. Conclusion: The post-operated anatomical and functional results were excellent so favoring this technique to be applied as primary procedure for repair of Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).","PeriodicalId":319424,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Punjab Medical College","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126274373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosis of Spinal Tuberculosis","authors":"Nosheen Ahmad, S. Irshad, Amna Rehan, Abdul Rauf, Asim Shaukat, Sehrish Israr","doi":"10.29054/APMC/2020.839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29054/APMC/2020.839","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing spinal tuberculosis, taking histopathology findings as gold standard. Study Design: Descriptive, Cross-sectional Validation study. Settings: Department of Radiology, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad-Pakistan. Duration: 6 months. Methodology: A total of 147 patients with suspected spinal tuberculosis of age 25-65 years of either gender were included. Patients with h/o of anti-tuberculous therapy, h/o trauma to spine and contraindication of MRI were excluded. All the patients were then underwent magnetic resonance imaging of spine and were looked for presence or absence of 0073pinal tuberculosis. MRI findings were compared with histopathology. Results: Mean age was 49.82 ± 11.00 years. Out of these 147 patients, 95 (66.67%) were male and 52 (33.33%) were females with ratio of 1.8:1. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosing spinal tuberculosis, taking histopathology findings as gold standard was 92.13%, 84.48%, 90.11%, 87.50% and 89.12% respectively. Conclusion: This study concluded that magnetic resonance imaging is the non-invasive modality of choice with high diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing spinal tuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":319424,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Punjab Medical College","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115058412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histomorphometric Effects of Smokeless Tobacco on Submandibular Gland in Albino Rat","authors":"S. Javed, S. Soomro, P. Khalid, N. Memon, Noorul ane Mughal, Aqsa Shah","doi":"10.29054/APMC/2020.957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29054/APMC/2020.957","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Use of the smokeless tobacco is a major public health problem. Oral mucosal hyper keratinization occurs due to smokeless form of tobacco. Objective: To determine the Submandibular Gland injuries induced by smokeless tobacco in Albino Rat. Study Design: Experimental study. Settings: Department of Oral biology, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro-Pakistan. Duration: From November 1, 2015 to April 30, 2016. Methodology: Aalbano healthy rats were used to observe smokeless tobacco effects on submandibular glands. After initial weight record, rats were placed in three groups (A, B, C); Group-A (control group), group-B and group-C were fed with tobacco; non-smokeless, smokeless 5%, and smokeless 10%, respectively. During experiment, weight gain was recorded weekly and sub-mandibular gland weight was measured at the end of the trial. T-test was applied to analyze the data. H & E stain and reticulin stain were used to observed structural integrity of submandibular gland. All the data was recorded in the self-made proforma. Results: Overall body weight and submandibular weight were decreased in B and C groups as compared to control group. In group A, seromucinous acini was seen in parenchymal tissue, cuboidal epithelium showed duct line and red blood cells distended vessels. Stromal changes, narrow duct lumen and reasonable damage in parenchymal tissue with atrophy were detected in group B. Stromal tissues increased and atrophy of acini were observed in H and E stain during histological study. Further, as compared to control groups, in group B and C under reticulin stain and stromal tissues were enlarged with pragmatic vascular collapse. Conclusion: This study revealed abnormal histological changes in submandibular gland of albino female rats by oral use of smokeless tobacco.","PeriodicalId":319424,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Punjab Medical College","volume":"310 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122779696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}