C. Shon, D. Saylak, D. Zollinger, A. K. Mukhopadhyay
{"title":"Development of Lightweight Roadside Safety Barriers using Foaming Admixture: Phase I - Properties of Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Cellular Concrete","authors":"C. Shon, D. Saylak, D. Zollinger, A. K. Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.14359/18739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/18739","url":null,"abstract":"The roadside safety barrier is a protective barrier that is erected around a racetrack or in the middle of a dual-lane highway in order to reduce the severity of accidents. Recently, interest in portable roadside safety barriers has heightened the interest in the development of a low-cost and high-performance alternative to the conventional safety barrier system. A study has been undertake to characterize fresh and hardened properties of flue gas desulfurizaiton (FGD) cellular concrete (CC) using foaming admixture towards the development of lightweight roadside safety barrier. Test results indicate that FGD CC using a foaming admixture can be effectively used in manufacturing lightweight roadside safety barriers.","PeriodicalId":319247,"journal":{"name":"SP-243: 9th Canmet/ACI Int Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116282856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efflorescence of Concrete Products for Interlocking Block Pavements","authors":"H. Nhar, Takeshi Watanabe, C. Hashimoto, S. Nagao","doi":"10.14359/18740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/18740","url":null,"abstract":"Today, a number of engineering structures and buildings are being constructed to match environmental and urban landscape. From an aesthetics point of view, occurrences of efflorescence on colored concrete, unfinished concrete and concrete products of these structures are critical problems. This research aimed to study and compare the efflorescence of concrete products that substituted cement with industrial by-products namely, fly ash, blast furnace slay and gypsum and normal concrete. Both concrete products and normal concrete were manufactured for paving application in the form of interlocking blocks. This paper uses the term “non-cement” concrete to refer to the concrete that is not using industrial cement. A methodology is presented that enables a quantitative evaluation of the total, soluble and insoluble efflorescence and this methodology was used to analyze both non-cement concrete and normal concrete specimens. The results show that the insoluble efflorescence of non-cement concrete is less than that of normal concrete.","PeriodicalId":319247,"journal":{"name":"SP-243: 9th Canmet/ACI Int Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125725024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluating Drying Shrinkage of Self-Compacting Concrete in a Caisson Using Numerical Methods","authors":"T. H. Liu, How-Ji Chen, H. Liao, C. I. Lin","doi":"10.14359/18745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/18745","url":null,"abstract":"Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC), characterized by the high flowability and high resistance to segregation, is due to the high amount of paste (including cement and mineral admixtures) in contrast with normal concrete (NC). However, the high amount of paste will limit the volume fractions of coarse aggregate and reduce tendency of coarse aggregate to suppress drying shrinkage deformations. For this reason, SCC can be expected to produce higher values of drying shrinkage than NC. In order to assess the drying shrinkage of SCC quantitatively for application to offshore caisson foundations, the formulas presented in this paper are used to predict the values of drying shrinkage in SCC according to the corresponding mixture proportioning. Additionally, a finite element (FE) model, which assumes concrete to be a homogeneous and isotropic material and follows the actual size and environmental conditions of the caisson, is utilized to simulate situations of stress distribution and deformations in the SCC caisson resulting from the drying shrinkage. The likelihood of cracking and the behavior of drying shrinkage of the SCC caisson are drawn from the analytic results calculated by the FE model proposed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":319247,"journal":{"name":"SP-243: 9th Canmet/ACI Int Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132049471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plastic Shrinkage Reduction Potential of a New High Tenacity Monofilament Polypropylene Fiber","authors":"Ramakrishnan, R. Zellers, A. Patnaik","doi":"10.14359/18742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/18742","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the evaluation of a new high tenacity monofilament polypropylene fiber for the reduction of plastic shrinkage cracks in concrete. The crack reduction potential of the fiber was studied using cement-rich concrete and the performance of the fiber was compared with that of three other presently available fibers (Fiber B, Fiber C, and Fiber D). Performance of these fibers was evaluated by comparing the area of plastic shrinkage cracks developed in control slabs (with no fibers) with the crack area of fiber reinforced concrete slabs. For example, the reduction of the crack area due to the addition of the new high tenacity monofilament fiber was 91 percent for a dosage of 0.593 kg/m(3) [1.0 lb/yd(3)], 86 percent for 0.297kg/m(3) [0.5 lbs/yd(3)] and 57 percent for 0.196 kg/m(3) [0.33 lbs/yd(3)]. The results indicate that the new fiber with fiber length of about 18 mm[3/4 inch], and a fiber dosage of 0.593 kg/m(3) [1.0 lb/yd(3)] was most effective in reducing the plastic shrinkage cracks in concrete. For the same fiber quality, three other fibers were less effective in reducing cracks.","PeriodicalId":319247,"journal":{"name":"SP-243: 9th Canmet/ACI Int Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123666632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Kurgan, G. Crawford, J. I. Mullarky, S. Vanikar, J. Ruiz, D. Rozycki
{"title":"HIPERPAV® Case Studies: Forensic and Proactive Applications of Innovative Software for Assessing Uncontrolled Cracking Potential in Concrete Pavements","authors":"G. Kurgan, G. Crawford, J. I. Mullarky, S. Vanikar, J. Ruiz, D. Rozycki","doi":"10.14359/18747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/18747","url":null,"abstract":"The balance between productive construction operations and a quality final product is a constant challenge facing today’s owners and contractors. In the pavement industry, innovative technologies such as the HIPERPAV®II system allow this balanced goal to be obtainable. The software is also a viable option for addressing forensic studies of premature distress. The software is also a viable option for addressing forensic studied of premature distress. Both proactive and forensic applications are addressed in this paper through the use of case studies. HIPERPAV® models the impact of specific construction operations, concrete mixtures, geometric design, and environmental factors on early age strength and stress development during the construction phase. These combined factors in addition to the traffic loading affect the overall long-term performance of the pavement. The first three case studies review the proactive scheduling of the sawing operations, changes that can be made to minimize the risk of high thermal stresses when a cold front is expected soon after concrete placement, and the time of concrete placement during high temperature conditions. The last case study addresses a forensic investigation where the effect of coarse aggregate type on a continuously reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP) is determined. All case studies emphasize the influence of HIPERPAV®II during the construction planning phase or the usefulness of the software in a forensic investigation.","PeriodicalId":319247,"journal":{"name":"SP-243: 9th Canmet/ACI Int Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127045933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Validity of 0.45 Power Chart in Obtaining the Optimized Aggregate Gradation for Improving the Strength Aspects of High-Performance Concrete","authors":"R. Panchalan, V. Ramakrishnan","doi":"10.14359/18746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/18746","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation to determine the validity of 0.45-power chart in obtaining the optimized aggregate gradation for improving the strength characteristics of high-performance concrete (HPC). Historically, the 0.45 power chart has been used to develop uniform gradations for asphalt mixture designs. However, it has now been widely used to develop uniform gradations for portland cement concrete mixture designs. Some reports have circulated in the industry that plotting the sieve opening raised to the 0.45 power chart has been evaluated using quartzite aggregates. Aggregates of different sizes and gradations were blended to exactly fit the gradations of curves raised to 0.35, 0.40, 0.45, 0.50 and 0.55. Five mixtures, which incorporated the aggregate gradations of the five power curves, were made and tested for compressive strength and flexural strength. A control mixture was also made whose aggregate gradations did not match the straight-line gradations of the 0.45 power curve. This was done by using a single size aggregate and sand. The water-cement ratio and the cement content were kept constant for all six mixtures. The results showed that the mixture incorporating the 0.45 power chart gradations gave the highest strength when compared to other power charts and the control concrete. Thus the 0.45 power curve can be adopted with confidence to obtain the densest packing of aggregates and it may be universally applicable for all aggregates.","PeriodicalId":319247,"journal":{"name":"SP-243: 9th Canmet/ACI Int Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114169725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimizing Reactive Powder Concrete Mixtures for Producing Thin Precast Elements","authors":"Corinaldesi, G. Moriconi","doi":"10.14359/18743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/18743","url":null,"abstract":"In this project several reactive powder concretes (RPCs) were studied. In particular the paper studied their mechanical performance in relation to the type of cement used, the dosage of silica fume, and the amount of steel fibers. Compressive strength, flexural strength, and tangent elastic modulus was monitored with age for RPCs prepared with a water to cement ratio of 0.25. Silica fume was added to the mixture at a dosage up to 27% by weight of cement. An acrylic-based superplasticizing admixture was used at a very high dosage of about 10% by weight of cement in order to achieve very fluid workability. Optimum mechanical performance was obtained for the mixture prepared by using steel fibers at 20% by weight of cement and by adding silica fume at 26% by weight of cement. This mixture was characterized by 28-day compressive strength of 145 MPa, flexural strength of 35 MPa, and tangent elastic modulus of about 57 GPa. On the basis of experimental results, the use of reactive powder concretes for manufacturing thin precast elements appears to be competitive with other and more traditional methods and technologies.","PeriodicalId":319247,"journal":{"name":"SP-243: 9th Canmet/ACI Int Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126011282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Experimental Evaluation of the Compatibilty of NSF and PCE Superplasticizers with Different Cement Types","authors":"L. Coppola, P. Marcassoli, S. Lorenzi","doi":"10.14359/18748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/18748","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with variability in the performance of seven different superplasticizers that were chosen among those of most common use belonging to the naphthalene (NSF) and polycarboxylate-based (PCE) families. In particular, compatibility of two naphthalene-based and five polycarboxylate-based admixtures with six different cements available on the Italian market was evaluated by measuring water reduction to manufacture mortars with the same workability at the end of mixing. Two different lots of the same cement (same plant) were used: lot 1 and 2 produced, on September 2005 and March 2006 respectively. Flow attention up to sixty minutes and tendency to entrap air in the mortars were measured. Results confirmed that the average water reduction and flow retention properties are better for PCE compare to NSF superplasticizers. However, experimental data confirm as the performance of PCE admixtures are more strongly dependent on the cement type than those of NSF polymers. No differences were detected in terms of the air entrapped between the two superplasticizer families, except for the ACR(5) superplasticizer.","PeriodicalId":319247,"journal":{"name":"SP-243: 9th Canmet/ACI Int Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125350162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Metakaolin and Silica Fume on the Properties of Lightweight Self Consolidating Concrete","authors":"M. Hubertová, R. Hela","doi":"10.14359/18741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/18741","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with the development of lightweight self-consolidating concrete, especially with the comparison of the effect of metakaolin and that of silica fume on the properties of this concrete. The use of metakaolin for improving the durability and for achieving better physico-mechanical properties of concrete is relatively new approach in concrete technology. The experimental works which are described in this paper are used for the manufacture of lightweight self-consolidating concrete of different fractions of the expanded clay lightweight aggregate Liapor with different fractions of normal weight aggregate. The metakaolin used of Czech production.","PeriodicalId":319247,"journal":{"name":"SP-243: 9th Canmet/ACI Int Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130284029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"Optimization of Mixture Proportions of Normal, High-Performance and Self-Compacting Concrete\"","authors":"B. Persson","doi":"10.14359/18744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/18744","url":null,"abstract":"This paper outlines an experimental and numerical study on the optimization of mixture proportions in concrete. For this purpose about 500 mixture proportions were studied in the laboratory and compared with about 500 mixture proportions from industry. Normal, high-performance and self-compacting concrete were included in the investigation. Additives, such as fly ash, limestone filler, silica fume and slag and different kinds of cement were included in the program. The w/c varied between 0.15 and 1, with 28-day cylinder strength ranging from 20 to 120 MPa. The results show with high significance that ideal particle distribution curves exist fro each cement and concrete type taking into account also the related water demand and the correlation between w/c and strength. The study resulted in a highly efficient commercially available computer program.","PeriodicalId":319247,"journal":{"name":"SP-243: 9th Canmet/ACI Int Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124918232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}