{"title":"Equipotential Energy Exchange Depends on Density of Matter","authors":"J. Czajko","doi":"10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130702.2752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130702.2752","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Potential energy exchanged for work done by radial/center-bound gravitational force field along equipotential surfaces (where the radial potential remains unchanged by definition), depends also on density of matter of the source mass that is responsible for generating the locally dominant field. To the extent that equipotential hence nonradial parts of trajectory paths (of the objects that move within the field) are exposed to the (nonrotating) field’s influence, the moving objects’ energy is lost (regardless of direction of the nonradial part of their motion) and transferred to the field. Mathematically derived, with the use of (new) synthetic mathematics, a new law governing nonradial exchange of potential energy generalizes the previous law that has been derived from physical considerations and had already been confirmed by several experiments and observations.","PeriodicalId":319071,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mathematical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115617553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Innovation and Martingale Pricing of Mortgage Insurance Under O-U Process","authors":"Liping Chen","doi":"10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130701.606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130701.606","url":null,"abstract":"Give an innovative design for housing mortgage insurance in the basis of the guarantee insurance, then obtain the pricing formula of the mortgage insurance by using the method of martingale pricing, when the unpaid part is a constant and the real estate price is driven by the process of O-U index.","PeriodicalId":319071,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mathematical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125241860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Tensor Products of Unital Quantales","authors":"Shaohui Liang","doi":"10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130701.731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130701.731","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the definition of bimorphism of unital quantales is given, Base on the tensor product of completed lattice, the concrete forms of the tensor product of unital quantales is obatined, and some properties of their are discussed.","PeriodicalId":319071,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mathematical Sciences","volume":"79 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134367958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generalized Second-Order Duality for a Continuous Programming Problem with Support Functions","authors":"I. Husain, S. Srivastava","doi":"10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130701.6137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130701.6137","url":null,"abstract":"A generalized second-order dual is formulated for a continuous programming problem in which support functions appear in both objective and constraint functions, hence it is nondifferentiable. Under second-order pseudoinvexity and second-order quasi-invexity, various duality theorems are proved for this pair of dual continuous programming problems. Special cases are deduced and a pair of dual continuous programming problems with natural boundary values is constructed and it is pointed out that the duality results for the pair can be validated analogously to those of the dual models with fixed end points. Finally, a close relationship between duality results of our problems and those of the corresponding (static) nonlinear programming problem with support functions is briefly mentioned.","PeriodicalId":319071,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mathematical Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121764596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fritz John Type Duality in Nondifferentiable Continuous Programming with Equality and Inequality Constraints","authors":"I. Husain, A. Ahmed, Abdul Raoof Shah","doi":"10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130701.6138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130701.6138","url":null,"abstract":"A Fritz John type dual for a nondifferentiable continuous programming problem with equality and inequality constraints which represent many realistic situations is formulated using Fritz John type optimality conditions instead of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type conditions and thus does not require a regularity condition. Various duality results under suitable generalized convexity assumptions are derived. A pair of Fritz John type dual continuous programming with natural boundary conditions rather than fixed end points is also presented. Finally, it is pointed that our duality results can be considered as dynamic generalizations of those of a nondifferentiable nonlinear programming problem in the presence of equality and inequality constraints recently treated in the literature.","PeriodicalId":319071,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mathematical Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129736593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation of Exchange Rates of Nigerian Naira Against US Dollar, British Pound and the Euro Currency","authors":"Oyelami Benjamin Oyediran, Edooghogho Afieroho","doi":"10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130602.2696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130602.2696","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a simulation is carried out to study the exchange rate of the Nigerian Naira against the exchange rates of the US dollar, British pound and the Euro currency. Monte Carlo simulation is made for three factors exchange rate model using Euler--Maruyama forward difference approximation. The model was calibrated using polynomial regression analysis. The Naira is found to be appreciated more in value when compared to the dollar, the pound and euro. The result obtained shows that the interest does not have much influence on the value of the exchange rates.","PeriodicalId":319071,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mathematical Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126025478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predator Harvesting in Systems with One Predator and Two Prey Habitats","authors":"R. P. Jaju, David Owen, B. Bhatt","doi":"10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130602.3449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130602.3449","url":null,"abstract":"Harvesting of the predator in systems consisting of one predator and two preys where the preys live in two different habitats is considered. It is assumed that the prey species have resources in abundance and the predator specie is able to switch to the most abundant prey specie. We consider two types of predator harvesting. One is when we harvest a fixed amount of predators (constant harvest quota) and the other is when we harvest a fixed percentage of the predators (constant harvest effort). Stability analysis is carried out and hypothetical cases are used to support our analysis.","PeriodicalId":319071,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mathematical Sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115087405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Related Distribution of Prime Numbers","authors":"Kaifu Song","doi":"10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130602.478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130602.478","url":null,"abstract":"The surplus model is established, and the distribution of prime numbers are solved by using the surplus model.","PeriodicalId":319071,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mathematical Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124884839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Multivariate Linear Regression on the Effect of Foreign Trade on Foreign Exchange Rates of Naira Using Bootstrap Approach","authors":"H. Obiora-Ilouno, J. I. Mbegbu","doi":"10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130602.1988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130602.1988","url":null,"abstract":"This paper fits a multivariate linear Regression model for the relationship between four response variables; foreign trades (cost of oil imported, cost of non-oil imported, cost of oil exported and cost of non-oil exported) and two predictor variables; foreign exchange rate of US Dollar and Pounds Sterling between 1960--2010. The null hypothesis that no linear relationship exists between foreign trades and foreign exchange rate were proposed. The model indicates an adequate relationship between the foreign trade and exchange rate. We observed from model 1 to model 4 of the multivariate linear regression that the multivariate bootstrap method when compared with the analytic method yielded a reduced standard error. This shows that multivariate bootstrap is good methods in controlling variation among observations. We further observed that the exchange rate of US Dollar and Pounds Sterling contributed 68% effect on the Nigerian foreign trades while 32% may be attributed to other unexplained factors. This indicates that multivariate bootstrap method offer considerable potentials in the estimation of multivariate linear regression parameters. Thus, the results reveal that bootstrap resampling allows empirical assessment of the analytical model and it is a good approximation to the analytical model.","PeriodicalId":319071,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mathematical Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116615042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Penetration of Mathematical Culture in Teaching Mathematics","authors":"Hongyi Li, Di Zhao","doi":"10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130602.784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3968/J.SMS.1923845220130602.784","url":null,"abstract":"Mathematical literacy constitutes an indispensable part of mathematical education. In order to prompt students' ability of solving problems, mathematical educators should take the responsibility to impart mathematical culture to students, guide them to grasp the mathematical thoughts and spirit, and provide corresponding practices. The reason lies on that one can extract the mathematical spirit and thinking patterns from such mathematic culture, which will benefit him throughout his life, even if he has forgotten mathematical concepts and corresponding properties.","PeriodicalId":319071,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mathematical Sciences","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133554654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}