Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity最新文献

The Paroxetine 352 Bipolar Study Revisited: Deconstruction of Corporate and Academic Misconduct 帕罗西汀352躁郁症研究重访:解构企业和学术不端行为

Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity Pub Date : 2019-11-05 DOI: 10.35122/jospi.2019.958452

J. Amsterdam, L. McHenry

{"title":"The Paroxetine 352 Bipolar Study Revisited: Deconstruction of Corporate and Academic Misconduct","authors":"J. Amsterdam, L. McHenry","doi":"10.35122/jospi.2019.958452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35122/jospi.2019.958452","url":null,"abstract":"Medical ghostwriting is the practice in which pharmaceutical companies engage an outside writer to draft a manuscript submitted for publication in the names of “honorary authors,” typically academic key opinion leaders. Using newly-posted documents from paroxetine litigation, we show how the use of ghostwriters and key opinion leaders contributed tothe publication of a medical journal article containing manipulated outcome data to favor the proprietary medication.The article was ghostwritten and managed by SmithKline Beecham, now GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and Scientific Therapeutics Information, Inc. without acknowledging their contribution in the published article. The named authors with financial ties to GSK had little or no direct involvement in the paroxetine 352 bipolar trial results and most had not reviewed any of the manuscript drafts. The manuscript was originally rejected by peer review; however, its ultimate acceptance to the American Journal of Psychiatrywas facilitated by the journal editor who also had financial ties to GSK. Thus, GSK was able to take an under-powered and non-informative trial with negative results and present it as a positive marketing vehicle for off-label promotion of paroxetine for bipolar depression. In addition to the commercial spin of paroxetine efficacy, important protocol-designated safety data were unreported that may have shown paroxetine to produce potentially harmful adverse events.","PeriodicalId":318895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126649221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Behind the Scenes at JOEH: Questionable Actions Lead to the Publication of an Industry-funded Benzene Exposure Article and Refusal to Publish Letter to the Editor JOEH的幕后:有问题的行为导致行业资助的苯暴露文章的发表和拒绝发表致编辑的信

Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity Pub Date : 2019-10-10 DOI: 10.35122/jospi.2019.1.875441

Melvyn Kopstein

{"title":"Behind the Scenes at JOEH: Questionable Actions Lead to the Publication of an Industry-funded Benzene Exposure Article and Refusal to Publish Letter to the Editor","authors":"Melvyn Kopstein","doi":"10.35122/jospi.2019.1.875441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35122/jospi.2019.1.875441","url":null,"abstract":"This Commentary discusses the decision-making and conduct of the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene (JOEH) and its Editor in Chief (EIC) regarding two versions of a scientifically flawed benzene exposure article published in JOEH.1,2 The author of this commentary submitted a letter to the editor concerning an “Accepted” manuscript (AM)1 published on the JOEH website. JOEH did not publish the letter, but permitted the authors to make at least nine substantive revisions to the AM that were all responsive to Letter 1. The AM was removed from the JOEH website and replaced by a Short Report (SR)2 having the same title. Questions of publishing ethics arise as a result of the refusal by JOEH to publish any of my additional Letters to the Editor, submitted between May and December of 2018. JOEH failed to address author conflicts of interest and major analytical testing anomalies that led to scientifically untenable results. Further, JOEH did not require the authors to disclose that 1) all tabulated results were drawn from an unpublished 2017 report prepared by the authors for the study sponsor (CRC Industries), and 2) one of the authors based her testimony on behalf of CRC on the unpublished report in at least two trials. JOEH’s refusal to publish the Letters to the Editor regarding undisclosed conflicts of interests, flawed scientific results, misleading conclusions, and other issues brings up numerous ethical questions.","PeriodicalId":318895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121891109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cognitive Disorders Among Incoming College Football Athletes: Legal and Medical Implications of Undisclosed Inclusion in Concussion Research 新入职大学橄榄球运动员的认知障碍:未公开纳入脑震荡研究的法律和医学意义

Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity Pub Date : 2019-06-06 DOI: 10.35122/JOSPI.2019.873611

Ted Tatos, D. Comrie

{"title":"Cognitive Disorders Among Incoming College Football Athletes: Legal and Medical Implications of Undisclosed Inclusion in Concussion Research","authors":"Ted Tatos, D. Comrie","doi":"10.35122/JOSPI.2019.873611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35122/JOSPI.2019.873611","url":null,"abstract":"Concussion research in the United States commonly relies on collegiate athletes as study subjects. Such research recognizes learning disabilities and attention deficit disorders (LD/ADHD) as co-morbidities that should be addressed in concussion research and management. This forensic study has three objectives: 1) to investigate the prevalence of such diagnoses and examine neuropsychological test results among incoming college football players at a major US university 2) to examine how LD/ADHD diagnoses were addressed in concussion research that included such athletes, and 3) to address the implication of these results for ongoing concussion litigation. This study observed LD/ADHD rates among football athletes exceeding 50% in multiple cohort-years, a degree of magnitude greater than the rate among general college student populations. Neuropsychological testing revealed scores among some incoming freshman college football players consistent with those of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Evidence of cognitive impairment among incoming college football players raises concern over the potential effects of cumulative exposure to head trauma and the increased risk associated with continued participation in collision sports. We discuss the implications of our findings for concussion litigation and research ethics.","PeriodicalId":318895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117329475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Massive Faculty Donations and Institutional Conflicts of Interest 大量的教师捐赠和机构利益冲突

Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity Pub Date : 2019-04-11 DOI: 10.35122/JOSPI.2019.740579

B. Kahr, M. Hollingsworth

{"title":"Massive Faculty Donations and Institutional Conflicts of Interest","authors":"B. Kahr, M. Hollingsworth","doi":"10.35122/JOSPI.2019.740579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35122/JOSPI.2019.740579","url":null,"abstract":"Most research universities have concrete policies for navigating the conflicts of interest of faculty members. Policies that might constrain university administrators acting on behalf of their schools, so-called institutional conflicts of interest, are absent or poorly developed at most places that could benefit from them. Researchers have argued for the illustration of institutional conflicts as a foundation for policy development. Here, we show the failure of research accountability when a faculty member made massive gifts to a leading American public research university, the University of Washington in Seattle, thereby creating allegiances that undermined commitments to academic values. Correspondence, some from thousands of pages acquired through the Washington State Public Records Act, show faculty colleagues, department chairs, deans, a provost, presidents, and the Board of Regents soliciting and accepting the donor's money but not sufficiently guarding the integrity of science when that was required. These records offer a rare look inside a university scientific misconduct investigation, a process typically shrouded in secrecy under the guise of confidentiality. They amount to a forensic analysis of what can go wrong with science at the nexus of a secret history of misconduct, spectacularly ambitious science, and large donations. The inabilities of federal and state authorities to reckon with institutional conflicts of interest are highlighted. The collective inaction can be understood within Lessig’s framework of institutional corruption. The failings described herein are metaphorical holes in the safety net intended to protect the integrity of American science, a shared practice that is under increasing strain. All public records are available from the authors upon request. Those cited here are included in an appendix posted by the journal.","PeriodicalId":318895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122228700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Academic Publishing and Scientific Integrity: Case Studies of Editorial Interference at Taylor & Franci 学术出版与科学诚信:Taylor & Franci编辑干预案例研究

Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity Pub Date : 2019-04-11 DOI: 10.35122/JOSPI.2019.848394

B. Kahr, L. McHenry, M. Hollingsworth

引用次数: 2

Asbestos and insurance interests continue to use discredited scientific argument to sell asbestos and to deny justice to asbestos victims 石棉和保险利益集团继续使用不可信的科学论据来销售石棉，并拒绝为石棉受害者伸张正义

Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity Pub Date : 2019-04-11 DOI: 10.35122/JOSPI.2019.719640

Kathleen Ruff, Eliezer João de Souza, F. Giannasi, Evelyn Glensk, M. Hindry, Linda H. Reinstein, A. Prieto, Gopala Krishna, L. Kazan-Allen, Eric Jonckheere, Robert Vojakovic, P. Iselin

引用次数: 2

An Introduction to the Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity 《科学实践与诚信》杂志简介

Journal of Scientific Practice and Integrity Pub Date : 2019-04-10 DOI: 10.35122/jospi.2019.873868

Tess Bird, D. Egilman

引用次数: 1