SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal最新文献

IL-6 as a Surrogate Biomarker: The IL-6 Clinical Value for the Diagnosis of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. IL-6作为替代生物标志物:IL-6在胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病诊断中的临床价值

SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-17 DOI: 10.46940/semrj.02.1007

R. Rafik, RR Andrew, RR Mark, Alaa I

引用次数: 0

Inflammatory Biomarkers and Chronic Diseases: The Link to COVID-19. 炎症生物标志物和慢性疾病:与COVID-19的联系。

SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-02-11 DOI: 10.46940/semrj.02.1006

{"title":"Inflammatory Biomarkers and Chronic Diseases: The Link to COVID-19.","authors":"","doi":"10.46940/semrj.02.1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46940/semrj.02.1006","url":null,"abstract":"1. Abstract\u0000The COVID-19 disease and pandemic eruption have caused a major concern for patients and healthcare systems globally. Immunological therapies are among the areas that require a lot of attention as the immunological consequences of the infection are neither well defined nor well understood. All medical reports indicate that severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection has a fatal outcome often results from alveolar injury that impedes airway capacity and multi-organ failure. Both of these complications are associated with the hyper production of cytokines that is known by the term cytokine storm and also called cytokine release syndrome. Strong body of clinical reports show that both mild and severe forms of disease result in cytokine secretion through changes in circulating leukocyte subsets. This is accompanied by elevated level of cytokines production. The milieu of cytokines produced includes IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, TNF, GM-CSF, IP-10 (IFN-induced protein 10), IL-17, MCP-1, MCP-3 and IL-1ra. With no surprise immune-therapies that target the immune response and curtail the cytokine storm in coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) patients have become a focus of recent clinical trials. In this mini-review we are also highlighting the importance of monitoring closely the levels of the cytokines as a true measure for the patient`s status and immunity level.","PeriodicalId":318249,"journal":{"name":"SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122905390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance Mechanisms: The Link to Inflammation and Type 2 Diabetes. 脂质诱导的胰岛素抵抗机制:与炎症和2型糖尿病的联系。

SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal Pub Date : 2021-01-21 DOI: 10.46940/semrj.02.1005

{"title":"Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance Mechanisms: The Link to Inflammation and Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"","doi":"10.46940/semrj.02.1005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46940/semrj.02.1005","url":null,"abstract":"1. Abstract\u0000Insulin Resistance is the leading cause of Type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM] onset. It occurs as a result of disturbances in lipid metabolism and increased levels of circulating free fatty acids [FFAs]. FFAs accumulate within the insulin sensitive tissues such as muscle, liver and adipose tissues exacerbating different molecular mechanisms. Increased fatty acid flux has been documented to be strongly associated with insulin resistant states and obesity causing inflammation that eventually causes type 2-diabetes development. FFAs appear to cause this defect in glucose transport by inhibiting insulin –stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 [IRS-1] and IRS-1 associated phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase activity. A number of different metabolic abnormalities may increase intramyocellular or intrahepatic fatty acid metabolites that induce insulin resistance through different cellular mechanisms. The current review point out the link between enhanced FFAs flux and activation of PKC and how it impacts on both the insulin signaling in muscle and liver as shown from our laboratory data and highlighting the involvement of the inflammatory pathways importance. This embarks the importance of measuring the inflammatory biomarkers in clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":318249,"journal":{"name":"SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132642128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Endocrine Role of Adipose Tissue and Its Management of Obesity-Related Diseases. 脂肪组织的内分泌作用及其对肥胖相关疾病的管理。

SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal Pub Date : 2020-11-10 DOI: 10.46940/semrj.01.1004

引用次数: 0

Do DPP-4 Inhibitors Protect against COVID-19? DPP-4抑制剂能预防COVID-19吗?

SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-16 DOI: 10.46940/semrj.01.1003

{"title":"Do DPP-4 Inhibitors Protect against COVID-19?","authors":"","doi":"10.46940/semrj.01.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46940/semrj.01.1003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Limited retrospective data suggest that the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin may decrease mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes admitted with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).\u0000Objective: To review the strength of evidence that supports possible protective role of sitagliptin in COVID-19.\u0000Methods: PUBMED search until October 5, 2020. Search terms included COVID-19, sitagliptin, DPP-4, CD26, mortality, diabetes. Retrospective studies and pertinent animal and human studies are reviewed.\u0000Results: One retrospective study (n=338) showed that sitagliptin use before hospitalization was associated with significant mortality reduction of approximately 60% in patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19. Pre-admission sitagliptin administration was associated with greater number of hospital discharge, improvement of clinical status, reduced risk of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU) and need for mechanical ventilation compared with patients who were not receiving sitagliptin. In addition, there was significant decrease in some pro-inflammatory markers in the sitagliptin group. Another small retrospective study of 9 patients who were taking a DPP-4 inhibitor prior to admission did not find any significant effect of DPP-4 inhibitors on mortality and clinical outcomes after hospitalization.\u0000Conclusions: Weak evidence from observational studies suggests possible beneficial effects of sitagliptin use before hospital admission in patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19. Randomized trials are urgently needed to clarify the efficacy and safety of in-hospital sitagliptin administration in patients with COVID-19 with and without type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":318249,"journal":{"name":"SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134132308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Thyroid Status in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19. COVID-19住院患者甲状腺功能状况评价

SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal Pub Date : 2020-09-30 DOI: 10.46940/semrj.01.1002

{"title":"Evaluation of Thyroid Status in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19.","authors":"","doi":"10.46940/semrj.01.1002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46940/semrj.01.1002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000Background: Preliminary data suggest that thyroid dysfunction may commonly occur in association with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).\u0000Objective: To clarify the significance of abnormal thyroid tests in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital. \u0000Methods: PUBMED search of English literature until September 22, 2020. Since there is lack of randomized trials, case reports, retrospective studies, and National guidelines are reviewed.\u0000Results: Retrospective studies suggest that 7%-60% of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital display thyroid hormone alterations typical of non-thyroidal illness (NTI). The extent of thyroid hormone changes correlates with severity of COVID-19. In NTI, thyroid hormones normalize with recovery of COVID-19 without specific treatment. Measurement of thyroid hormones in admitted COVID-19 patients without symptoms or signs suggestive of abnormal thyroid function may lead to unnecessary further investigations and increase cost. In addition, routine measurement of thyroid hormones can create confusion in interpretation of results. Other new onset thyroid diseases are rarely reported in admitted COVID-19 patients. Only 4 well-documented cases of subacute thyroiditis were reported in association with infection with COVID-19. \u0000Conclusions: Alterations of thyroid hormones due to NTI are common in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and return to normal spontaneously with recovery without thyroid-directed therapy. Routine measurement of thyroid hormones is not indicated in patients who do not have pertinent thyroid symptoms or signs.","PeriodicalId":318249,"journal":{"name":"SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131903940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Thyroglossal Cyst: A Case and a Description of the Early Documentation in the Medical Literature. 甲状舌囊肿:一例及早期医学文献描述。

SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal Pub Date : 2020-09-10 DOI: 10.46940/semrj.01.1001

Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi

{"title":"Thyroglossal Cyst: A Case and a Description of the Early Documentation in the Medical Literature.","authors":"Aamir Jalal Al-Mosawi","doi":"10.46940/semrj.01.1001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46940/semrj.01.1001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thyroglossal cyst is a birth defect resulting from persistence of the thyroglossal duct. The aim of this paper is to present a case of pediatric thyroglossal cyst and to briefly describe the early documentation of the condition in the medical literature.\u0000Patients and methods: A case of childhood thyroglossal cyst is presented and a deep review of the literature is made with the aim of describing the early documentation of the condition in the medical literature\u0000Results: The occurrence of median cervical cysts was reported during the 1800s. However, Strübing (1892) was most probably the first to suggest that most of these reported cases had cysts of thyroglossal origin and not of branchial origin. In 1894, Herbert E Durham supported the suggestion of Strübing and described three cases of thyroglossal cyst. Walter Ellis Sistrunk developed the improved surgical method for the treatment of thyroglossal cyst during the 1920s that is still practiced until now. \u0000Conclusion: Herbert E Durham and Walter Ellis Sistrunk are the pioneers who are accredited for most of our current understanding of the clinical therapeutic aspects of thyroglossal cyst.","PeriodicalId":318249,"journal":{"name":"SunKrist Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133250800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0