Iraqi Journal for Mechanical and Materials Engineering最新文献

{"title":"EROSION WEAR AND HARDNESS SHORE D OF EPOXY RESIN FILLED WITH PISTACHIO POWDER","authors":"H. S. Fadhil, R. S. Hadi","doi":"10.32852/IQJFMME.V21I1.536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32852/IQJFMME.V21I1.536","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, erosion wear rate and hardness shore D for polymer biocomposite materials were investigated. The present bio-composites made up of differing weight percentage of pistachio shell powder (0%, 5%, 7%, and 9%) with epoxy resin was prepared by hand layout method. The erosion wear rates for bio composites obtained with under constant factors (10 hours, 60º impingement angles, sand silica particles 850μm, standoff distance 23 cm, flow rate 45 L/min, room temperature, nozzle diameter 4mm and pump diameter 50 mm). Results show that the specimen (epoxy + 9% pistachio shell powder) has the best erosion wear rate resistance and hardness shore D compared with other specimens, also the specimen reinforced by 9% pistachio shell have the lower density and highest water absorption percentage and it is found that the improving percentage for the this specimen in hardness is (11.5%) and in erosion wear rate is (775%). The study reveals that the addition of pistachio shell powder to the epoxy reduces its erosion wear rate and semi ductile behavior.","PeriodicalId":31812,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal for Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42557058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON AN EXHAUST EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF A COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE FUELED WITH DIESEL-WATER EMULSION","authors":"Abdulrahman Shakir Mahmood, Haqi I. Qatta, Saadi M. D. Al-Nuzal","doi":"10.32852/iqjfmme.v21i1.537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32852/iqjfmme.v21i1.537","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main sources of global air pollution is the undesirable gas emissions from diesel engines, as well as the accompanied particulate matters (PM). Consequently, the reduction of their amount and quality is highly recommended for clean environment. The present work includes an attempt to use diesel-water emulsion as a fuel on compression ignition (CI) engine emissions and to investigate its effect on these hurtful discharges. For this reason, tests are carried out on a single cylinder, 4-stroke CI engine with steady speed (1500 rpm) and different loads (0-100 %) operated with various proportions of diesel-water emulsions and compared it to the diesel fuel. Four samples of diesel-water emulsions are prepared at ratios of (5, 10, 15 and 20 %) by water volume in diesel and with help of Tween 20 and Oleic Acid as a surfactant to maintain its stability for long periods of time. Gas emissions of the engine are recorded for CO2, CO, HC, and NOX using an exhaust gas analyzer and smoke opacity using a device of smoke meter. Results reveal that the diesel-water emulsion significantly decreases the NOX emissions and smoke opacity. The highest reduction ratio for NOX and smoke opacity are found in case of fuel emulsion DW20, with values of 32.5 % and 39 % respectively, in comparison with that of diesel fuel.","PeriodicalId":31812,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal for Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47437351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DENSITY AND WATER ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF PMMA REINFORCED BY PEANUT AND WALNUT SHELLS POWDERS USED IN DENTAL APPLICATIONS","authors":"Zainab Moaead Abdul Monem, Qahtan Adnan Hamad, Jawad Kadhim Oleiwi","doi":"10.32852/iqjfmme.v21i1.538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32852/iqjfmme.v21i1.538","url":null,"abstract":"Poly Methyl Methacrylate resin distinguished by its low impact and fatigue strength, there are many researches that will deal with these situations. In the current study the matrix was heat cured material powder of PMMA was reinforced with peanut and walnut Shells to PMMA base material, which commonly utilize in the applications of denture. these natural powders were added in various weights fraction (4%, 8%, and 12%), and with similar average particle size (53μm) and studied Density and water absorption properties. In this study the method used to prepare the specimens is Hand Lay-Up method. The results showed that the values of density are increased when the weight fractions of both reinforcing natural particles increased and the maximum value was obtained with adding peanut shells powder at (12 wt.%.) (1.206 gm/????????3) for the composite specimens, while the values of water absorption Tests was decreased by increasing the weight fractions of both reinforcing powders peanut and walnut Shells in PMMA resin and The lowest values was obtained by adding peanut shells powder at (12 wt.% P) (0.003 % ).","PeriodicalId":31812,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal for Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43245067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DYANMIC ANALYSIS OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY OSCILLATORS IN ACTIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM","authors":"Rusul Saad Ahmed, Qasim Abaas Atiyah, Imad Abdlhussein Abdulsahib","doi":"10.32852/iqjfmme.v21i1.535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32852/iqjfmme.v21i1.535","url":null,"abstract":"Smart materials have a growing technological importance due to their unique thermomechanical characteristics. Shape memory alloys belong to this class of materials being easy to manufacture, relatively lightweight, and able to produce high forces or displacements with low power consumption. These aspects could be exploited in different applications including vibration control. A dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) can be used as an effective vibration control device. It is essentially a secondary mass, attached to an original system via a spring and damper. The natural frequency of the DVA is tuned such that it coincides with the frequency of unwanted vibration in the original system. This work aims to develop a dynamic vibration absorber with the help of shape memory alloy (SMA) springs in order to attenuate the vibration for a range of excitation frequencies. The experimental apparatus consisted of low-friction cars free to move in a rail. A shaker that provides harmonic forcing excites the system. Special attention is dedicated to the analysis of vibration reduction that can be achieved by considering different approaches exploiting temperature variations promoted either by electric current changes or by vibration absorber techniques. The results established that adaptability due to temperature variations is defined by modulus of stiffness","PeriodicalId":31812,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal for Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46220201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electro-Mechanical Co-Simulation of a 6-DOF Parallel Robot","authors":"F. Liang, Shuang Tan, Long Chen, Zhe Lin","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-68303-0_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68303-0_19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31812,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal for Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90070650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NEW METHOD FOR DEPOSITION OF CERAMIC COATING ON AL ALLOY USING DUPLEX PROCESSES OF ANODIZING AND Al2O3 MODIFIED ELECTROLYTE MICRO -ARC OXIDATION (MAO)","authors":"Samir Hamid Awad","doi":"10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i4.526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i4.526","url":null,"abstract":"  \u0000In this work, surfaces of Al 6061 alloy were coated using anodizing and micro–arc oxidation ( MAO) duplex processes. MAO electrolyte was modified using ( 2-6 g/l )Al2O3 additives . X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Vickers indenter, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Microprocessor coating thickness meter ,were employed for characterization of the deposited coatings .Results showed that the coatings contained porous oxide ?-alumina with morphologies characterized by different levels of porosity non-uniform distribution, and their thickness and hardness increased by the increasing of Al2O3 additives. The research demonstrates that a relatively hard (421-490Hv), thick (43-65?m) and uniform coatings, can successfully be deposited on preanodized Al alloy (12-15 ?m with hardness of 190Hv) using Al2O3 additives containing MAO electrolytes as a new method for more future research on surface improvements of Al alloys \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":31812,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal for Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44510983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECT OF VIBRATION ON NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER IN AN ENCLOSED SQUARE CAVITY","authors":"Baydaa Khalil Khudhair, Adel Mahmood Salh","doi":"10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i4.525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i4.525","url":null,"abstract":"  \u0000A numerical investigation has been implemented to elucidate the effect of vertical and horizontal vibration at normal gravity on natural convection in a square enclosure filled with air at Rayleigh number 7×107 and 4× 108. The enclosure was comprised of two vertical and opposed surfaces (the right hot and the left cold) while the two other surfaces are adiabatic. The two-dimensional, low-Reynolds number k ? ???? turbulence model is applied to enable it to cope with low Reynolds number flows. By transforming the equation of (continuity, Navier-Stokes and energy) using finite volume method from differential forms to algebraic forms using SIMPLE algorithm with hybrid scheme dealing with the time term are adopted to solve the governing equations. A computer program in Fortran 90 was built to carry on the numerical solution. Three cases were studied in this work, case I(reaches to steady state and then begins the effect of vibration at each frequency), caseII and caseIII(begin the effect of vibration from the transient at ascending and descending frequencies respectively).After the validity of the present code by comparing results with these of previous study for similar conditions, solutions have been obtained for Prandtle number of 0.7, aspect ratio (A=1). In the high Rayleih number case (Ra=4×108), the gravitional thermal convection dominates, and the vibration motion does not enhances the heat transfer remarkably. In contrast, in low Rayleigh (Ra=7×107), the vibration thermal convection is dominant, and the vibration enhaces the heat transfer rate significantly. The effect of vertical directional vibration is more powerful in caseII(ascending frequency), when the horizontal directional vibration more effective in case III(descending frequency). \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":31812,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal for Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45382866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDYING THE PROPERTIES OF DISTILLATE USING DIFFERENT CRUDE OILS AND THEIR FRACTIONS UNDER ATMOSPHERIC DISTILLATION","authors":"Douaa Hussein Ali, Muhannad A.R. Mohammed","doi":"10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i4.528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i4.528","url":null,"abstract":"  \u0000This research study the properties of two different crude oils . Two samples of crude oil were used, which were ( Al – Dora and Al - Ahdab )crude oil. Atmospheric distillation used to separate these two crude oils into their fractions according to boiling point. This research introduced most important characteristics and information's about these samples of crude oils and their products. ASTM distillation was converted to TPB distillation curve. It was found that the preliminary boiling point is lower than the cease point is higher than ASTM distillation for the two crude oils. Most important properties of the products of the two crude oils were calculated. These properties are API, gravity, Watson characterization factor (k), viscosity, molecular weight and refractive index. It was found that the API gravity for Al-Dora crude oil cuts is less than that of the Al-Ahdab crude oil cuts. Also , Al-Dora and Al-Ahdab crude oils cuts having more naphthenic or aromatic components since the characterization factor is less than 12.5. it was concluded that the characterization factor (K) for Al-Ahdab crude oil is less than Al-Dora crude oil for gasoline only. While the opposite happens with Kerosene and gas oil. Finally , It was conclude that the viscosity, molecular weight and refractive index of Al-Dora crude oil products were higher than that of the products of Al-Ahdab crude oil. It was found also that the viscosity of cuts for Al-Dora and Al- Ahdab crude is increase because kerosene is more viscous (heavy cut) than gasoline. Also gas oil is more viscous than gasoline and kerosene. Finally , it was concluded that the viscosity of gasoline, kerosene and gas oil for Al-Dora crude is higher than gasoline, kerosene and gas oil for Al-Ahdab crude oil. It was concluded that the molecular weights of gasoline, kerosene for Al-Dora crude is higher than gasoline, kerosene for Al-Ahdab crude oil but the gas oil is on the contrary. It was concluded that the refractive index for Al-Dora crude is higher than Al-Ahdab crude oil \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":31812,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal for Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48359779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A REVIEW OF MICROSTRUCTURE AND CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF CU AL NI SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY","authors":"Nawal Mohammed Dawood","doi":"10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i4.530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i4.530","url":null,"abstract":"The shape memory alloys (SMAs), that consist of Cu-Al-Ni, have been established and developed for the applications used at higher temperature values due to their capability to return to its original shape when heating close to its transformation temperature. Cu-Al-Ni alloy has high value of transformation temperature and show small hysteresis as compared to the other types of SMAs. This work present a general review about how SMAs have developed by adding several metals such as, Ti, Be, B, Mn, and Zr or by changing its content (Ni or Al) by either decreasing or increasing. That might show a significant impact on the phase transition and enhancing the corrosion behavior and mechanical properties of the presented alloys. However, the transformation of the martensite phase is the critical factor that might change the properties of Cu-Al-Ni SMAs. This phase is largely affected by addition of the alloying element mentioned above. A review about effect of addition some alloying elements for enhancing the corrosion characteristics of the alloy and phase transition is presented. \u0000  \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":31812,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal for Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45520798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WEAR PERFORMANCE AND MAGNETIC PROPERTY OF ALUMINUM REINFORCED WITH FE2O3 AND AL2O3 HYBRID NANOCOMPOSITE USING POWDER METALLURGY P/M METHOD","authors":"H. J. Alalkawi, Ghada Adel Aziz, Hussain A. Aljawad","doi":"10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i4.531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32852/iqjfmme.v20i4.531","url":null,"abstract":"  \u0000The current study deals with fabricating a hybrid nanocomposite. Pure aluminum as the base matrix and Fe2O3 and Al2O3. A reinforcements Fe2O3 weight percentage (wt%) is varied (1.5, 2.5 and 5 % wt%) and Al2O3 is held constant (2 wt%). The new designed nanocomposite was produced using Powder Metallurgy (P/M) method. The experimental results revealed that the microstructure images of nanocomposites showed uniformly distributed of Fe2O3 and Al2O3 in aluminum matrix. Dry tribological behavior (wear rate and coefficient of friction) was studied and for varying hybrid reinforcement content. The results observed that the wear resistance of hybrid nanocomposites improved with the increasing of Fe2O3 + Al2O3 reinforced material but the better wear resistance was recorded with the (1.5% Fe2O3 + 2% Al2O3) wt% than the base metal and other nanocomposites. It is evident that the maximum reduction of wear rate and COF were 4.87 × 10-8 g/m and 0.59 respectively for the (1.5% Fe2O3 + 2% Al2O3) nanocomposite. The hysteresis curve of nanocomposites showed that the magnetic properties which indicated that the better response of magnetic properties was found with the nanocomposite of (1.5% Fe2O3 + 2% Al2O3) content. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":31812,"journal":{"name":"Iraqi Journal for Mechanical and Materials Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42131002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}