Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour最新文献

{"title":"Psychiatric morbidity and its impact on quality of life in patients with epilepsy: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Y. Malik, S. Mattoo, P. Kharbanda, S. Grover","doi":"10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_132_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_132_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence psychiatric comorbidities by using a structured diagnostic instrument and it impact on quality of life among patients with idiopathic epilepsy. Methodology: Using a cross-sectional study design, 120 patients with idiopathic epilepsy were assessed for psychiatric morbidity by using MiniInternational Psychiatric Interview-PLUS version for psychiatric morbidity and Quality of life in Epilepsy-31 scale. In addition, all the patients were also assessed on Beck Depression Inventory-II and generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) to rate the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Results: The present study showed that the prevalence of current and lifetime psychiatric diagnosis as per Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview-PLUS is 68.3% and 75%, respectively. Among various psychiatric disorders, depressive disorders were the most common (54.16%), followed by GAD (8.3%). In terms of severity of depressive symptoms, 10.8% patients had mild depression, 25.8% moderate depression, and 14.2% had severe depression. On GAD-7, 28.3% were found to have mild, 15% had moderate and 15.8% had severe anxiety. Psychiatric morbidity both current and lifetime was associated with poorer quality of life in all the domains. Conclusion: Psychiatric morbidity is highly prevalent in patients with epilepsy and it has significant negative impact on the quality of life. These findings suggest that there is a need for close liaison between the psychiatrist and the neurologist to address psychiatric issues among patients with epilepsy.","PeriodicalId":31679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour","volume":"26 1","pages":"144 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46242896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender-based shame-focused attitude of general public toward mental illness: Evidence from Jharkhand, India","authors":"Ravi S. Kumar, Abhijit Pathak","doi":"10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_53_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_53_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aimed to examine the attitude of the general public toward the mental illness in Jharkhand. Material and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study with a sample size of 240 consisting of a male (163) and female (77) of the general population was done. The study was conducted in the urban and rural areas of Hazaribagh district based on a simple random sample technique. To collect data, Attitude Toward Mental Health Problem (ATMHP) was used. The sociodemographic profile has been calculated with descriptive statistics, and Mann–Whitney U-test has been used to find the significant differences in attitude score. Results: Males and females are both having positive attitude attitudes toward mental illness. Females are having a more positive attitude than males since the mean score is lower in all the four domains of ATMHP (9.39 ± 7.03 > 7.51 ± 5.87, 13.36 ± 9.87 > 9.67 ± 9.30, 5.52 ± 4.97 > 4.35 ± 4.59, 7.82 ± 6.34 > 5.53 ± 4.83, 6.41 ± 4.96 > 4.57 ± 4.46). However, a significant difference has not been found in two domains of ATMHP at 0.05 significant statistical levels. After controlling the co-variates through multinomial logistic regression, males showed 3.7 times odds of developing shame than female toward family member and statistically significant differences were found at less than P value 0.05 levels. Conclusions: People have started to comprehend and empathize with the patient and the family of the mentally ill, and they do not feel shame in admitting, seeking help, and reaching family to help.","PeriodicalId":31679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour","volume":"26 1","pages":"132 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44461425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived stress and coping skills in the newly joined medical undergraduate students: An exploratory study from Eastern India","authors":"Swapnajeet Sahoo, P. Mishra, Shree Mishra, M. Kar, S. Padhy","doi":"10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_247_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_247_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To assess the perceived stress and to evaluate the sources of stress, the prevalence of psychological morbidity (if any) and different coping strategies among the newly joined 1st-semester medical undergraduate students. Methodology: A cross-sectional exploratory study was conducted on all the newly joined 1st-year medical students (who had entered 3 months back) at a tertiary care medical college and teaching hospital in Eastern India. Perceived stress and depressive symptoms were assessed on the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). A self-designed questionnaire was used to evaluate different premedical entry-level preparation issues and ongoing psychosocial and academic-related stressors. Coping was evaluated on the Ways of Coping Checklist. Results: Ninety-five first-semester medical undergraduate students (mean age − 18.34 ± 0.95 years) who had joined the Institute 3 months back participated in the study. The mean PSS score was 21.56 ± 3.97 and about 85.3% and 11.6% of the students reported moderate and high degrees of stress. Depressive symptoms were reported by 36.8% (PHQ-9 cut-off ≥10). During medical preparation (as rated on a Likert scale of 0–10), the mean rated stress level was 6.84 ± 2.05. Almost half of the students reported facing problems adjusting to the new place and environment (48.4%), facing language problems (11.6%), and unfavorable hostel facilities (10.5%). Under academic stressors – more than half of the students perceived the vastness of academic curriculum as a major stressor as “often” (53.7%) followed by fear of failure in exams (35.8%). Students followed both negative coping strategies (such as escape avoidance coping, distancing, and confrontive coping) and positive coping strategies (self-controlling, seeking social support, planful problem-solving, and positive appraisal). Significant association of depressive symptom score was found with self-controlling (P - 0.012) and seeking social support (P = 0.015) type of coping. Conclusion: A substantial proportion of undergraduate medical students have moderate to high stress at the entry level (just within the months of joining medical curriculum) and about one-third (36.8%) had depressive symptoms. Most of the students reported of using escape–avoidant type of coping while dealing with the ongoing stressors. More focus on improving resilience and positive adaptive coping skills in the initial formative years of medical education to prevent psychological morbidities and burnout in future years of medical education.","PeriodicalId":31679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour","volume":"34 3","pages":"122 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41260535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handbook of consultation liaison psychiatry in India, first edition","authors":"D. Dua","doi":"10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_179_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_179_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour","volume":"26 1","pages":"164 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47936052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress, mental health, and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: Preliminary findings of an online survey in India","authors":"B. Sahithya, R. Kashyap, B. Roopesh","doi":"10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_186_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_186_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The recent COVID-19 pandemic has induced a considerable degree of fear, worry, and concern in the population at large. Drastic changes in daily lives as a result of lockdown may expose individuals to high stress levels, which might make them vulnerable to mental health issues. It is important to identify and understand these difficulties, which can help mental health professionals and policy makers address these issues. Aim: The present study aimed to screen mental health problems and to gain insight into resilience among Indians during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Materials and Methods: The study was cross sectional, using online survey method. Sociodemographic datasheet, a self-designed questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire and Brief Resilience Scale were entered into Google Form, and was sent using E-mails and WhatsApp to the personal contacts of the investigators. The link was also posted in social media groups. The participants were requested to complete the survey and then forward the link to their contacts. Inclusion criteria laid for the study included English speaking males and females, 18 years or older, and living in India. A total of 348 individuals filled in the forms, of which 327 were complete and included for analysis. Results: Fifty percent of the participants surveyed had symptoms of common mental disorders. Thirty-three percent had elevated scores needing diagnostic evaluation for somatoform disorder, 33% for generalized anxiety disorder, and 35% for depression. 8% reported developing interpersonal difficulties with family members, 17% reported financial stress, 23.5% were worried about job loss, and 35% found the lockdown very stressful. Elevated scores on patient health questionnaire-somatic, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were associated with financial stressors, worries about job loss, and lockdown stress. Ten percent of the participants indicated a need to talk to psychologist, and 40% were not aware of tele counselling facilities. Higher resilience was associated with lower odds of developing psychiatric symptoms. Conclusion: The results offer preliminary data-based insight into the impact of the lockdown, and are suggestive of increased stress and mental health liabilities. Fostering resilience may be critical to prevent or reduce mental health problems in general population during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":31679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour","volume":"26 1","pages":"100 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46005182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Clinical Study of Internet Gaming Disorder in Adolescents with Psychiatric Disorders","authors":"P. Sachan, A. Arya, Shweta Singh, Pawan Kumar Gupta, V. Agarwal","doi":"10.21203/RS.3.RS-175108/V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-175108/V1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Purpose- The severity of different IGD symptoms criteria has not been explored much. The study describes the phenomenology of IGD in Adolescents with comorbid psychiatric disorders attending child and adolescent psychiatry OPD. Methods- Adolescents aged 13-16 years, who have attended child and adolescent Psychiatry OPD, of a tertiary care teaching hospital for psychiatric disorders, with a history of gaming and fulfilled criteria as per DSM-5 for IGD have been included. All the subjects have then assessed using semi-structured proforma, IGDS and K-SADS-PL.Results- In the study Sample of 46 Adolescents most common IGDS criteria was \"Conflict\" and least common criterion was \"Tolerance\". IGDS mean Score of \"Conflict\" was the highest while it was the least for \"Displacement\". \"Escape “and \"Deception\" were significantly higher for females. \"Displacement\" significantly higher for Urban domicile and Online mode of gaming. \"Persistence\" was significantly higher for those who were gaming on personal devices and playing MMORPGs. Psychiatric disorders associated with IGD were ODD (46.66%), Dissociative disorder (24.44%), ADHD (17.77%) and Depressive disorder (11.11%). Phenomenology of IGD was comparable across all psychiatric comorbidities except subjects with dissociative disorders, who had significantly higher scores for \"Escape\" than ADHD and Depression. Also, subjects with ODD had significantly higher scores for \"Displacement\" than the subjects with Dissociative disorder in terms of IGDS scores. Conclusion: Significant differences in the severity of DSM-5-IGD symptoms criteria is found in terms of gender, domicile, gaming genre (MMORPGs), accessibility of smartphones, online/offline modes of gaming and the associated psychiatric comorbidity.","PeriodicalId":31679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49400961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile of patients seen in the emergency setting: A retrospective study involving data of 5563 patients","authors":"S. Grover, D. Dua, Swapnajeet Sahoo, S. Chakrabarti","doi":"10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_18_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_18_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are limited numbers of studies from India, which have evaluated the demographic and clinical profile of patients seen in the emergency setting. Aim: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the profile of the patients, seen in the emergency setting by a psychiatry team. Methodology: The psychiatry emergency register was reviewed for the data for 6 calendar years (2014–2019), for the demographic and clinical profile. Results: 5563 patients were evaluated by the emergency psychiatry team during the period of 6 years, with the number of patients seen in each calendar year varying from 693 to 1057. The mean age of the patients availing psychiatry emergency services was 38.35 years (standard deviation: 16.65), with a significant proportion (13.1%–16.7%) of them in the elderly age group. Majority of the patients were male (64.6%) and were seen initially by the medicine and allied branches (87.8%). The most common diagnosis was delirium, and this was followed by affective disorders. Substantial proportions of the patients had substance use disorders (18.5%) and self-harm (9.8%). Nearly four-fifths of the patients were managed with psychotropic medications, and nearly one-fifth were treated with psychotherapeutic interventions, while more than half underwent investigations. Conclusion: The present study suggests that delirium, followed by affective disorders, substance use disorders, and intentional self-harm are the most common psychiatric diagnoses, among patients seen in the emergency setting. These findings can have important implications for organizing the psychiatric services in the emergency setting and for training.","PeriodicalId":31679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour","volume":"26 1","pages":"40 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45803045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaming pattern, prevalence of problematic gaming, and perceived stress level among the Indian medical graduate","authors":"Parveen Kumar, V. Patel, D. Tiwari, D. Vasavada, R. Bhatt, N. Chanpa","doi":"10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_116_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_116_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Problematic gaming use is prevalent among the adolescents and young adults. The awareness of problematic gaming as a behavioral addiction is low in the community. Aims: This study was aimed to find the prevalence of problematic gaming, gaming pattern, and perceived stress level among Indian medical graduates. Methods: A total of 922 undergraduate medical students participated in this cross-sectional study. Demographic details, different gaming variables, “internet gaming disorder scale short form (IGDS9),” and “Perceived stress scale” were filled by participants using the Google form. Results: Out of 595 students, 8.71% reported problematic gaming use. Positive correlation was observed between Internet gaming disorder score and perceived stress score (r = 0.446, P < 0.001). Male participants, younger age group, first year medical students, and participants playing more hours per day were associated with higher score on IGDS (P < 0.001). Positive correlation was observed between the duration of game play (in years) with IGDS score (r = 0.359, P < 0.001). Action games playing participants had higher score on Gaming Disorder Scale followed by simulation games playing participants (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Problematic gaming use is prevalent behavioral addiction among the medical students. Students with problematic gaming reported a high level of stress. Education and interactive workshop of problematic gaming should be conducted as a part of foundation course in the medical education.","PeriodicalId":31679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour","volume":"26 1","pages":"68 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43844537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of association of impairment of attention with other symptoms of delirium","authors":"S. Grover, A. Mehra, S. Chakrabarti, Swapnajeet Sahoo, A. Avasthi","doi":"10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_44_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_44_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate the association of impairment of attention with other symptoms of delirium. Methodology: Eighty-six patients with delirium as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 5th Revision seen in the consultation-liaison psychiatry setup of a tertiary care hospital were cross-sectionally assessed on the short informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly (Retrospective), montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), and delirium rating scale revised-98 (DRS-R98) version. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 46.6 (standard deviation [SD] – 16.4) years. All the patients had impairment in attention with the altered sleepwake cycle, acute onset of illness, with the fluctuating course and underlying physical disease. In terms of severity, the severity score was the highest for the item of sleep-wake cycle disturbances, followed by motor agitation. The mean noncognitive symptoms domain of the DRS-R98 domain were more than the mean score of the cognitive symptom domain of DRS-R98. The mean total score on MoCA was 11.9 (SD: 7.5). Higher attention impairment was associated with more severe noncognitive and cognitive symptoms and higher delirium severity as assessed by DRS-R98. Higher severity of attention deficit was also associated with higher impairment in other domains of cognition of MoCA. Cognitive symptoms, as evaluated by DRS-R98, had more significant correlations with various domains of MoCA except for language and abstraction. Conclusion: Attention deficits are the core symptom of delirium and have a significant impact on other cognitive and noncognitive symptoms of delirium.","PeriodicalId":31679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour","volume":"26 1","pages":"54 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49182056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology-based psychosocial management for psychological distress due to stigma associated with COVID-19: A case study from North Karnataka","authors":"Kannappa V. Shetty, Suruchi Sonkar, Mahesh Mahadevaiah","doi":"10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_225_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_225_20","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is associated with a significant distress and stigma. Due to the nature of the disease, it is difficult to conduct counseling and therapy without taking significant precautions such as wearing a complete personal protective equipment kit which impedes with rapport and dampens the speech which is quite essential for therapy. Herewith, we present a case where we used technology-based interventions, course, and outcome. Although the results of this case study cannot be generalized, few factors clearly stand out in the treatment of psychological distress among COVID-19-positive clients – psychoeducation, supportive therapy components of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and management of expressed emotion may play a key role in dealing with rural population. Family interventions were used to facilitate healthy family communication pattern (using technology) toward healthier involvement, connectedness aid client's recovery in the aftermath and acceptance of COVID-19 diagnosis. Intervention should also equip and empower client and family to deal with stigma and helplessness through clarifying misconceptions, providing knowledge, and enhancing agency or mastery over circumstances. These can serve as guidelines during treatment of psychological distress among COVID-19-positive clients and their families.","PeriodicalId":31679,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour","volume":"26 1","pages":"36 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46209882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}